Cell Cycle - Mitosis

Question 1

Which stages make up Interphase?

Answer 1

G1, S phase and G2

Question 2

Which stages make up Mitosis?

Answer 2

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 3

What happens during G1 phase?

Answer 3

Increased protein and organelle synthesis

Question 4

What happens during S phase?

Answer 4

DNA replication

Question 5

What happens during G2 phase?

Answer 5

Organelle replication

Question 6

Describe Interphase in detail and explain the evidence that proves this.

Answer 6

Interphase:
- DNA replication occurs
- Organelles are synthesised
- increased protein synthesis
- increased rate of respiration to provide energy
Evidence:
- chromosomes not visible
- nuclear membrane and nucleolus still present

Question 7

Describe Propahse in detail and explain the evidence that proves this.

Answer 7

Prophase:
- chromosomes condense so become shorter and thicker
- nuclear envelope breaks down
Evidence:
- chromosomes visible

Question 8

Describe Metaphase in detail and explain the evidence that proves this.

Answer 8

Metaphase:
- spindle fibres form
- centromeres attach to spindle fibres
- chromosomes move along spindle fibres to the middle of the cell
Evidence:
- all chromosomes in the middle of the cell

Question 9

Describe Anaphase in detail and explain the evidence that proves this.

Answer 9

Anaphase:
- centromere splits
- sister chromatids separate
- spindle fibres contract, pulling sister chromatids to opposite poles of cell
Evidence:
- set of chromatids on each end of the cell

Question 10

Describe Telophase in detail and explain the evidence that proves this.

Answer 10

Telophase:
- nucleus reforms
- DNA becomes chromatin
- Cytoplasm begins to divide and 2 genetically identical cells are formed
Evidence:
- two cells visible
- two nuclei visible
- no chromosomes visible