Cell Cycle

Question 1

What are the stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 1

IPMAT

interphase

mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)

cytokinesis

Question 2

what happens in interphase?

Answer 2

• DNA replicates ( each chromosome now made of 2 sister chromatids)
• increase in protein synthesis
• cell organelles are replicated e.g. mitochondria + ATP content increased for energy as cell division is an active process

Question 3

what happens in mitosis

Answer 3

Prophase

• chromosomes condense (shortens and thickens)
• Nuclear membrane disintegrates
• Centrioles move to opposite poles

Metaphase

• centrioles in animal cells form a spindle (consisting of protein microtubules) across the cell
• chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Anaphase

• sister chromatids split and are pulled to either pole via the spindle microtubules

Telophase

• at opposite poles of the cell the chromatids begin to uncoil
• the nuclear membrane reforms

Question 4

What happens in cytokinesis?

Answer 4

• the cytoplasm splits in two
• two new cells form

Question 5

what is binary fission

Answer 5

A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size