Cell Cycle Flashcards
Reasons for cells to divide
DNA overload, inefficient cell wall
Two main stages of cell division
Mitosis and interphase
4 stages of the cell cycle
G1, S, G2, M
G1
Cell grows
S
DNA duplication
G2
Prepare for mitosis
M
Mitosis(PMAT)
Prophase
DNA condenses, chromosomes are visible
Metaphase
Chromosomes line up down the middle with spindle fibers
Anaphase
Sister chromosomes separate into individual ones
Telophase
Two nuclei form, chromosomes lose shape
G0
Where cells enter that never divide, red blood, cardiac, neurons
Chromatin Structure
DNA wrapped around histones, then nucleosomes
Chromatin Appearance
Long, thin, and loosely coiled
Chromatin Organization
Unorganized, spread throughout nucleus
Chromosomes Structure
Condensed supercoils
Chromosomes Appearance
tightly wound
Chromosomes Organization
organized, easier for cell division
How many chromosomes in cells
46
Protein that regulates the cell cycle
Cyclins
Cancer
Cells that divide uncontrollably, disease of mitosis
Tumors
Mass of cancer cells
Benign
Cancer cells that won’t spread
Malignant
Cancer cells that spread
