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Biology > Cell Cycle > Flashcards

Cell Cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the four phases of the cell cycle

A

G1, S, G2, M

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2
Q

G1 stands for what

A

Growth 1

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3
Q

S stands for what

A

Synthesis

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4
Q

G2 stands for what

A

Growth 2

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5
Q

M phase is split into what two parts

A

Mitosis and Cytokinesis

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6
Q

A cell during growth 1 performs…

A

Normal functions

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7
Q

What happens to a cell at the end of growth 1?

A

It increases in size, but the nucleus stays the same

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8
Q

After growth 1, what does the cell go through and why?

A

Checkpoint #1 ; Its health is checked to make sure it can go to the next phase, if it isn’t healthy enough, the cell is exterminated

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9
Q

What happens inside a cell during synthesis?

A

DNA is copied

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10
Q

Why is synthesis the most dangerous phase of the cell cycle?

A

The most exact calculations are made during this phase, so there are more possibilities for there to be an error in this phase

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11
Q

After synthesis, what does the cell go through

A

Checkpoint #2

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12
Q

What does the cell go through during growth #2?

A

It doubles its organelles.

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13
Q

What organelles are doubled during growth #2

A

ER, golgi body, lysosomes, mitochondria, and ribosomes

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14
Q

What does the cell go through at the end of interphase

A

Checkpoint #3

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15
Q

M phase is divided into five different parts, how are phases 1-4 different from phase 5?

A

Phase 1-4 is the division of the nucleus while phase 5 is the division of the cytoplasm

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16
Q

Cytokinesis isn’t part of ______ but is part of ______.

A

Mitosis ; M phase

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17
Q

How much of the cell cycle is made up of interphase and m phase

A

Interphase - 90%
M Phase - 10%

18
Q

DNA is made up of what

A

Chromotin

19
Q

What form of DNA is used only during mitosis

A

Chromotid

20
Q

What is cytokinesis

A

The splitting of cytoplasm during the m phase

21
Q

The stomach lining lasts

A

2-3 days

22
Q

The stomach outside lasts for

A

16 years

23
Q

The brain lasts for

A

50 years

24
Q

What are the different phases of mitosis

A

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

25
Q

Why does a cell replicate?

A

For homeostasis or reproduction

26
Q

The ratio of surface area to Volume is ideal at

A

6:1

27
Q

A small cell is more ______ than a big cell

A

Efficient

28
Q

A smaller cell can move ______ ______ ______ more efficiently

A

Gas, water, and electrolytes

29
Q

The ratio of surface area to volume can be a reason for

A

A cell to replicate

30
Q

An _____________ can be a reason for a cell to replicate

A

External injury

31
Q

M phase’s five phases are…

A

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase(end of mitosis), and cytokinesis

32
Q

What happens at check point #2

A

DNA is inspected to make sure it is accurate and complete

33
Q

What happens at checkpoint #3

A

The cell is checked to make sure it is the right size and has its organelles doubled

34
Q

The division of the nucleus is known as…

A

Mitosis or division of chromosomes

35
Q

What is a somatic cell

A

All of the cells in a human body except for sex cells

36
Q

How many sets of chromatids are there in a cell during G1

A

1

37
Q

How many sets of chromatids are there in a cell in S phase

A

2 sets

38
Q

How many sets of chromatids are there in a cell in G2

A

2 sets

39
Q

What is the cell doing during prophase

A

Preparing for division

40
Q

What is the cell doing during metaphase

A

The chromosomes align in the middle of the cell

41
Q

What is a cell doing during anaphase

A

Starting to separate

42
Q

What is a cell doing during telophase

A

Thinning out or creating two nucleuses

Biology (9 decks)

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