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General Biology 8.2 > Cell Cycle > Flashcards

Cell Cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

How many phases does the cell cycle have?

A

4

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2
Q

A cell spends most of its life in this phase.

A

Interphase

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3
Q

The three purposes of cell division (mitosis)

A

Growth, repair, reproduction

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4
Q

Any cell in the body of an organism, except for sex cells.

A

Somatic cells

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5
Q

What is the purpose of interphase?

A

Cell growth

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6
Q

How many stages does interphase have?

A

3 stages

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7
Q

What are the stages in interphase?

A

G1 > S > G2
(growth/gap 1 > synthesis phase > growth/gap 2)

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8
Q

In this stage of interphase, the cell is busy growing and carrying out its supposed function.

A

Growth/Gap 1 (G1)

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9
Q

In this stage of interphase, the cells grow too much that it no longer functions well; needing to divide. a copy of DNA is being made during this phase.

A

Synthesis Phase (S)

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10
Q

In this stage of interphase, once DNA replication is complete, it enters this stage.

A

Growth/Gap 2 (G2)

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11
Q

In this stage, chromatids become replicated chromosomes. further preparation for cell division happens here. it is the last and shortest part of interphase.

A

Growth/Gap 2 (G2)

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12
Q

The second phase of cell cycle

A

Cell division

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13
Q

Cell division occurs in…

A

Mitosis (M) phase

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14
Q

The two events occurring in M phase

A

Mitosis and Cytokinesis

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15
Q

The division of the cell’s nucleus, also known as nuclear division

A

Mitosis

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16
Q

Division of the cell’s cytoplasm, also known as cytoplasmic division

A

Cytokinesis

17
Q

How many phases does mitosis have?

A

5

18
Q

What are the phases of mitosis in order?

A

Prophase > Metaphase > Anaphase > Telophase

19
Q

A structure inside a cell that contains genes and DNA. It serves as a storehouse of genetic information.

A

Chromosome

20
Q

This is a portion of a chromosome

A

Chromatid

21
Q

A pair of chromatids is called

A

Sister chromatid

22
Q

The exact and same copy of a chromatid

A

Homologus

23
Q

______ Protect DNA and do not include genes

A

Telomeres

24
Q

Chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope breaks down, spindle fibers form.

A

Prophase

25
Q

Chromosomes align at the cell’s center, forming a metaphase plate.

A

Metaphase

26
Q

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.

A

Anaphase

27
Q

The last phase of mitosis wherein chromosome uncoils, and spindle fibers break down and dissolve. Cytokinesis then starts.

A

Telophase

28
Q

Division of the cytoplasm and organelles into two daughter cells.

A

Cytokinesis

29
Q

Having half the number (one set) of chromosomes, it has no partner.

A

Haploid

30
Q

having the full set (two sets) of chromosomes, it has a partner.

A

Diploid

31
Q

Purpose of cell division (meiosis)

A

production of gametes for sexual reproduction

32
Q

Sex cells such as egg and sperm cells are called

A

gametes

33
Q

New spindle fibers form in each haploid cell. (meiosis)

A

Prophase II

34
Q

Chromosomes align individually at the metaphase plate. (meiosis)

A

Metaphase II

35
Q

Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles. (meiosis)

A

Anaphase II

36
Q

Chromatids reach the poles, nuclear envelopes reform, and cytokinesis occurs. (meiosis)

A

Telophase II

37
Q

It results in four haploid daughter cells, each genetically unique due to crossing over in Meiosis I.

A

Telophase II

General Biology 8.2 (4 decks)

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