Cell Biology Flashcards
What is mitosis?
A type of cell division which produces daughter cells identical to the parent.
Cells divide when…
- an organism grows
- an organism becomes damaged and needs repaired.
Mitosis:
Step 1. Cell begins to divide.
Step 2 ????
Dna replicates to form 2 copies of each chromosome.
Mitosis:
Step 2. Dna replicates to form 2 copies of chromosomes.
Step 3 ?????
Nuclear membrane breaks down. Chromosomes line up across centre of cell.
Mitosis:
Step 3. Nuclear membrane breaks down. Chromosomes line up across centre of cell.
Step 4 ?????
One set if chromosomes is pulled to each end of cell and nucleas divides.
Mitosis:
Step 4. One set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of cell and nucleus divides.
Step 5 ?????
Cytoplasm and cell membranes divide to form 2 identical cells.
Name 2 clinical issues of therapeutic cloning.
- Difficulty in finding suitable donors.
2. Possible transfer of viruses.
Name 2 ethical issues with therapeutic cloning.
- You create embryos and destroy them in the process.
2. Some embryos are unused from ivf.
Name 2 social issues with therapeutic cloning.
- Educating thr public on what stem cells can or can’t do.
2. Whether the benefits outweigh the objections.
How is the inital cell made for therapeutic cloning?
Using the nucleus from the patients cell and the egg cell from donor without the nucleus.
What is this egg then used for?
Simulated to divide.
What happens after stem cell is simulated to divide in therapeutic cloning?
Cells develop into embryo.
Therapeutic cloning.
Cells develop into an embryo.
Next step…
Wait 4-5 days before removing the stem cells.
Therapeutic cloning.
Wait 4-5 days, then remove the stem cells.
Next step….
Stem cells from embryo are cultured for therapeutic reasons.
What change are we meant to see during the potato osmosis rp?
Change in length and mass.
Name 3 uses of human stem cells.
- Replace faulty blood cells.
- Making insulin producing cells.
- Making nerve cells.
Name 2 cons of using stem cell treatment.
- Embryos are human life.
2. Scientists need to find other sources of stem cells.
What type of stem cells are undifferentiated and what does that mean?
Embryonic stem cell.
They have the potential to turn into any kind of cell.
Name 2 pros of stem cell treatment.
- Curing patients is more improtant than embryo rights.
2. They are only using embryos that would be wasted anyway.
Where are stem cells found in plants?
The meristem.
How can plant stem cells be useful? Give one example.
Disease resistant crops.
