CDS Flashcards
What is another name for Construction Drawings?
Working Drawings
The Contract Documents include what parts?
Construction Drawings and Project Manual
What is the typical organization of the Construction Documents?
Title Sheet Civil Engineering Site Drawings (Landscape) Demolition Plan Floor Plan Reflected Ceiling Plan Roof Plans Exterior Elevations Interior Elevations Building Sections Wall Sections Exterior Details Interior Details Schedules Structural Engineering Plumbing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical Engineering Other Consultants
What is a Benchmark?
A fixed elevation point from which all other elevations on the site and buildings are referenced.
What is a Project Manual?
A bound book containing all contract and noncontract documents for a project except the Construction Drawings.
What is the organization of a Project Manuel?
Bidding Requirements Invitation to Bid Prequalification Forms (A305) Instruction to Bidders (A701) Bid Forms Supplements to Bid Forms Bid Security Form (A135) Subcontractor List Substitution List Contract Forms Agreement (A101) Performance Bond (A312) Labor and Material Payment Bond Certificates of Insurance General and Supplementary Conditions General Conditions of the Contract (A201) Supplementary Specifications Technical Specifications
What are the two types of Specifications?
Prescriptive (closed) and Performative (open)
What is a Proprietary Specification?
A prescriptive specification that requires the contractor to use a specific manufacturer’s product.
What is a Descriptive Specification?
A specification that gives detailed requirements for a material or product and the workmanship required for fabrication and installation but does not require a specific manufacturer.
What is a Reference Specification?
A performative specification that references a reference standard.
What is a Pure Performance Specification?
A performative specification that sets criteria and results required of the item being specified.
What is a True Performance Specification?
A performative specification that encourages new ways of achieving a particular end result.
What is MasterFormat?
The organization of specification sections by the Construction Specifications Institute.
What specfication subgroups are listed in the first two divisions?
Div 00: Procurement and Contracting Requirements
Div 01: General Requirements
What specification subgroups are listed in the Facility Construction Subgroup?
Div 02: Existing Conditions Div 03: Concrete Div 04: Masonry Div 05: Metals Div 06: Wood, Plastic, and Composites Div 07: Thermal and Moisture Protection Div 08: Openings Div 09: Finishes Div 10: Specialties Div 11: Equipment Div 12: Furnishings Div 13: Special Construction Div 14: Conveying Equipment Div 15-19 Reserved
What specification subgroups are listed in the Facility Subgroup?
Div 20 Reserved Div 21 Fire Suppression Div 22 Plumbing Div 23 HVAC Div 24 Reserved Div 25 Integrated Automation Div 26 Electrical Div 27 Communications Div 28 Electronic Safety & Security Div 29 Reserved
What specification subgroups are listed in the Site and Infrastructure Subgroup?
Div 30 Reserved Div 31 Earthwork Div 32 Exterior Improvements Div 33 Utilities Div 34 Transportation Div 35 Waterway and Marine
What specification subgroups are listed in the Process Equipment Subgroup?
Div 40 Process Integration
Div 41 Material Processing and Handling Equipment
Div 42 Process Heating, Cooling, and Drying
Div 43 Process Gas and Liquid Handling
Div 44 Pollution Control Equipment
Div 45 Industry Specific Manufacturing Equipment
Div 46 Water and Wastewater Equipment
Div 47 Reserved
Div 48 Electrical Power Generation
Div 49 Reserved
What are the names of the three parts of a Specification?
1: General
2: Products
3: Execution
Which Division specifies Sustainability goals?
Div 01 General Requirements
What are contained in the Contract Documents?
Owner-Contractor Agreement General Conditions of the Contract Supplementary Conditions of the Contract Construction Drawings Specifications Addenda
What is the agency relationship in architecture?
Owner (Principal)
Architect (Agent)
Contractor (Third Party)
What is a Control Point?
Horizontal surveying reference points for site plans consisting of a primary system aligned to national coordinate and a secondary system tied to the site.
What does GFCI stand for?
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter
What is the Prime Contract?
The primary relationship between the Owner and the Contractor.
What is a Single Prime Contract?
When a contractor holds all the separate contracts with subcontractors and is responsible to the owner for their work.
What is a Multiple Prime Contract?
Where major portions of the work are contracted separately to the owner.
What is a Many Prime Contract?
A fast-track project may require issuing multiple prime contracts for individual phases of construction as not all parts are designed.
Which AIA contracts are used for hiring a Construction Manager?
AIA A132 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Contractor, Construction Manager as Adviser Edition
AIA 232 General Conditions of the Contract for Construction, Construction Manager as Adviser Edition
What is a Bridging Contract?
A contract between the owner and architect where the architect is a project manager and consultant for the owner using a Design-Build project delivery method.
What is the AIA bridging contract between an Owner and Architect?
C141 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Consultant for a Design-Build Project
What are the phases of Integrated Project Delivery Method?
Conceptualization (Pre-Design) Criteria Design (SD) Detailed Design (DD) Implementation Documents (CD) Agency Review, Buyout (Bidding) Construction (CA) Closeout
What are the AIA contract for IPD for Owner-Contractor and Owner-Architect?
Owner-Contractor:
A195 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Contractor for Integrated Project Delivery
A295 General Conditions of the Contract for Integrated Project Delivery
Owner-Architect:
B195 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect for Integrated Project Delivery
What are the standard contracts between the owner and contractor using Design-Bid-Build Project Delivery Method?
A101 Standard Form of Agreement between Owner and Contractor - lump sum
A102 Standard Form of Agreement between Owner and Contractor - cost plus fee w/GMP
A103 Standard Form of Agreement between Owner and Contractor - cost plus fee wo/GMP
A104 Standard Form of Agreement between Owner and Contractor - limited scope project lump sum or cost plus fee
A105 Standard Form of Agreement between Owner and Contractor - small project lump sum or cost plus fee
A201 General Conditions of the Contract for Construction
What are the standard contracts between the owner and Design-Build Firm and Owner and Consultant?
A141 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Design-Builder
C141 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Consultant for a Design-Build Project
What are the standard agreements between and Owner and the Architect?
B201 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect -all fee types
B102 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect without a Predefined Scope of Architect’s Services
B103 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect for a Complex Project
B104 Standard Abbreviated Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect
B105 Standard Short Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect
B106 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect for Pro Bono Services
B132 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect, Construction Manager as Adviser Edition
B133 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect, Construction Manager as Constructor Edition
What are the standard agreements between the Owner and Architect for Interior Design?
B152 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect for Architectural Interior Design Services
B252 Standard Form of Architect’s Services: Architectural Interior Design
What are the Basic Design Services?
Schematic Design Design Development Construction Documents Bidding & Negotiations Construction Administration
What is stated in Article 1 of the B101 agreement?
General information about the client, architect, project, and client/owner’s consultants.
What is stated in Article 2 of the B101 agreement?
The Standard Care clause, that the architect will not be employed in a way that compromises their responsibilities, and the amounts of insurance required for the project?
What types of insurance are typically required of the architect?
General Liability
Automobile insurance
Workers’ Compensation
Professional Liability
What is stated in Article 3 of the B101 agreement?
The architects basic services, coordination with consultants, a project schedule including local authority submission, construction start, and Substantial completion.
What are the listed services in Article 3 of the B101 agreement?
Project administration services
Evaluation of budget and the cost of work
Evaluation and Planning Services
Design Services (SD, DD, CA)
Construction Procurement Services (B&N)
Contract Administration Services
What are the Owner’s Responsibilities?
To provide the architect with program, schedule, budget, consultants, site tests and inspections, and project legal & accounting services.
What is stated in the Terms and Conditions of the B101?
Instruments of Service Waiver of Consequential Damages Hazardous Material Third-party claim Cause of Action Waiver of Rights (Subrogation) Right to Photograph Termination
What is considered part of the Cost of the Work?
The current market rates for labor and materials furnished by the owner and item specified by the architect, including contractor costs and their O&P.
What is not considered part of the Cost of the Work?
Professional fees, land cost, financing costs, or other costs responsible by owner.
What would trigger additional services?
Changes to the scope or approvals given by the owner, extensive environmental design alternatives, changes to finished instruments of service, untimely direction by owner, changes to bid information or alt bids, public hearings, dispute resolution, and evaluation of bidders.
How are owner-architect disputes typically resolved?
Mediation and then arbitration.
What is stated in Article 1 of the A101 agreement?
That the Contract Documents include: the Agreement General and Supplementary Conditions to the Contract Drawings Specifications Addenda
What are the basic Provisions of the A101?
Description of the work
Commencement
Substantial Completion
Contract Sum
What are Liquid Damages?
Monies paid to the owner by the contractor for days delayed on finishing the work.
During a dispute who is the Initial Decision Maker?
The IDM is the architect unless someone else if appointed.
What is stated in Article 1 of the General Conditions?
Defines the Contract Documents The Work General, Supplementary, and special conditions Insurance Required States the Initial Decision Maker
What is stated in Article 2 of the General Conditions?
The duties, responsibilities, and rights of the owner
What is stated in Article 3 of the General Conditions?
The duties, responsibilities, and rights of the contractor.
How long does the contractor have to notify the architect if an unforeseen condition is discovered?
21 days
What are allowances?
A set of money estimated by the architect for a material or item that has not been specified yet the amount should cover the cost of the item plus delivery, contractor O&P. If the item ends up costing more or less, the contract sum is adjusted in a change order.
What is Design Delegation?
The allocation of design or engineering to the contractor, ie engineering for shoring etc. in order to perform the Work.
What are the three types of changes in the Work?
A Change Order, a written agreement between the owner, Architect, and contractor.
A Construction Change Directive, an agreement between the Owner and Architect, with or without contractor consent.
A Minor Change in the Work, may be made by the architect.
How does an Owner protect themselves from mechanics liens by the contractors subs?
By requiring lien waivers before issuing the final payment to the contractor.
What reasons can a contractor terminate and how much notice is required?
Work has stopped for 30 days A court order Act of government Failure of the architect to issue a certificate of payment without reason Repeated suspension by owner Owner is unable to show proof of funds
Seven days written notice.
What reasons can an owner terminate and how much notice is required?
Contractor fails to provide skilled labor or proper materials
Fails to pay subs
Disregards the law
Substantially breaches a provision of the contract.
Or without cause
Seven days written notice
What is a claim?
A dispute arising between the owner and contractor for direct damage within 21 days of its occurrence. The IDM mediates the dispute then mediation then arbitration.
What AIA form is used to instruct the bidders?
AIA A701 Instructions to Bidders
Which AIA form must a contractor submit upon being awarded the Project?
AIA A305, Contractor’s Qualification Statement.
What is the Bid Security?
About 5% of te Contractors Bid Price held by the owner in the case the awarded contractor does not sign an agreement with the owner.
What is a Performance Bond?
A surety Bond that insures that the defaulting contractor can complete the work or the insurance company hires a second contractor to finish the work. Owner pays for the bond.
What is a Labor and Material Bond?
A bond to ensure that subs and material suppliers are paid in order to avoid liens.
What are the types of submittals?
Shop Drawings, Samples, and Product Data
Which documents state the submittal Schedule and process?
A201 and Division 01 of the specs.
What is a Construction Change Directive?
A written order prepared by the architect directing a change in the Work before the owner and contractor agree on an adjustment in the contract so, term, or both.
What is the process of a Construction Change Directive?
Order signed by the architect and owner.
A proposed change of Contract Sum:
A) a lump sum
B) unit price previously agreed to
C) cost tbd by mutual agreement on fixed or percentage basis
D) as provider in a subsequent clause
If agreed by contractor, it becomes a Change Order. If not, the architect stated the cost.
What is a Change Order and what is the process?
A document authorizing a variation in the contract documents that may change the contract sum, term, or both approved by architect, owner, and contractor.
Architect usual requests the change.
Contractor provides cost.
Owner, contractor, and architect approve.
What Conditions must occur for an architect to be found negligent?
A legal duty established with a party
Evidence a duty was breached.
That the breached cause damage or injury to the other party.
What is Privity?
The idea that an architect is protected against claims by parties they have no contractual relationship with.
Which law established copyright protection of the architects work or derivatives of the work?
Architectural Works Copyright Protection Act.
What are the Time constraints with 7 days?
A issue cert of payment after C applies
C pays subs and suppliers
C can stop work if A does not issue a C of Pay or A does not pay within 7 days
C can ask O proof of Financial ability before & days of Final Bid Receipt
Notice needed to terminate Contract bet O-A, O-C
O has 7 days to return Dwgs to A after termination of contract
What are the Time constraints with 10 days?
C has 10 days to correct work after O notifies
A has time to review Claim
Request C of P before Schedule of Value date of actual Payment
What are the Time constraints with 14 days?
Super name objection by A or O
Owner to Request for architects certificates
What are the Time constraints with 15 days?
O has 15 days to furnish all info to C or A for filing Lien claim
What are the Time constraints with 21 days?
Notifying of concealed subsurface condition
Damage discovered; notify O or A within 21 days
What are the Time constraints with 30 days?
A has 30 days to take Mediation decision
O and A go for Arbitration with 30 days of Mediation decision
Notice given to O by C before actual insurance expires
C can terminate contract if No Fault/ Govt rule/ no Pay
A receives compensation after work is resumed for interruption, delay if work stopped more than
30 days
What are the Time constraints with 60 days?
60 days consecutive / 120 days/ 100% schedule time in One Year work is stopped - C can terminate Contract
60 days Mediation stays pending after date of filing
Change of service if Construction Admin Service goes beyond 60 days
What are the Time constraints with 90 days?
A can terminate Contract of work stopped 90 days
If Bidding is not progressed after CD documents, Project Budget subject to modification
What is the Schedule of Values?
A statement furnished to the architect by the contractor reflecting the amounts to be
allotted for the principal divisions of the work. It serves as a guide for reviewing the contractor’s periodic
applications for payment.
Who determines Substantial Completion and prepares the punchlist?
The Contractor determines SC and prepares the Punchlist which is edited or amended with further items by the Architect.
What does ASTM do?
Publishes standards and test procedures for materials. It does not test materials, but is incorporated into codes.
What does ANSI do?
Approves standards by other organizations in order to avoid duplicate codes.
Who performs tests of materials to meet codes?
A Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL) recognized by OSHA
What is the difference between a listed and a classified label for a material?
A listed label means a product successfully tested and a classified label specifies certain types of uses only
What is ASTM E119?
The Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials, which tests building assemblies for heat transfer and the hose stream test for an assemblies ability to stand up to impacts and the affects of cooling and eroding from water.
What are the ASTM E119 ratings?
Walls: 1, 2, 3, 4-hr rating
Doors: 20, 30, 45 minutes
What is NFPA 252?
The Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Door Assemblies, which measure flame, heat, and gas resistant for door assemblies and hose stream test.
What is NFPA 257?
Standard on Fire Test for Window and Glass Block Assemblies, testing for flammability, spread of flammability, and smoke and gas producing.
What is ASTM E84?
Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials, or the Steiner Tunnel Test which rates surface burning characteristics of interior finishes.
What are the flame spread resistance ratings?
A (I). 0-25. Most
B (II). 26-75
C (III). 76-100. Least
What is NFPA 265?
The Room Corner Test, ratings for textile interior finishes.
What is NFPA 286?
Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Evaluating Contribution of Wall and Ceiling Interior Finish to Room Fire Growth, for finishes that do not stay in place during the E84 Test.
What is a Fire Partition and a Fire Barrier?
A wall assembly with a 1-hr Fire rating used to separate living rooms, corridors, and elevator lobbies.
A vertical or horizontal assembly used to restricted the spread of fire and used to enclose vertical circulation, separate uses in the same buildings and are continuous from floor to floor/roof.
How much of an opening is allowed in a Fire barrier?
All openings can not be more than 25% of the wall length and no opening can be larger than 120 SF.
What is a Fire wall?
A 2-4hr Fire resistive wall allows for the full separation of two parts of a building and walls continue from foundation to roof.
What is a smoke barrier?
A 1-hr rated vertical or horizontal membrane to restrict movement of smoke.
What is the difference between type I and II floor covering ratings?
Type I are more resistant to flame spread and required in vertical exits, exit passages, and exit corridors. Type II allowed for Type I with sprinklers.
What is an accessory occupancy?
A space not more than 10% of the main occupancy that is a different occupancy from the main occupancy and doesn’t require a Fire barrier.
What is an incidental accessory occupancy?
A space with a different occupancy from the main occupancy that does not exceed 10% of the main space and does require a Fire barrier, sprinkler system, or both
What are the different Assembly Occupancies?
All are 50 or more occupants.
A-1: fixed seats, theaters
A-2: food and drink, bars
A-3: worship or arts not theatre
A-4: Arenas
What are the different Factory occupancies?
F-1: factory moderate risk
F-2: factory low risk
What are the different Institutional occupancies?
I-1: more than 16, assisted living
I-2: Hospital
I-3: more than 5, jails
I-4: more than 5, Daycare
What are the residential occupancies?
R-1: hotel
R-2: 3 or more units, dorm/apartments
R-3: 1 or 2 unit homes
R-4: 6 to 15 unit assisted living
What are the Construction Types?
Type I - II are non-combustible
Type III - IV are combustible
What is a public way?
A street, alley not less than 10 ft wide that is exterior and unobstructed to the sky
What is exit access?
The means of egress that leads to the entrance of an exit and is not considered protected.
What are exits?
1 or 2-hr rated pathways
What is an exit discharge?
Means of egress between the exit and public way, like a lobby.
What are the max occ. load with one exit?
A,B, E, F, M, U. 49
H-1, H-2, H-3. 3
H-4,H-5, I-1, I-3, I-4, R. 10
S. 29
What are the exceptions to the one exit rule?
An individual dwelling unit in an R-2 or R-3 with a max load of 20, and sprinklered.
A second story apartment with a max of four units and travel distance of 50 ft.
A business with max occ. of 49 and travel distance of 75 ft.
What occupancy requires 3 or 4 exits?
3: 501-1000
4: 1001+
What is a Common Path of Egress?
The portion of an exit access that an occupant must travel before two separate and distinct paths of egress travel to two exits.
What length of common path of egress exceeded requires two exits?
Greater than 75 ft for all but H-1-3 occ.
Greater than 100 ft if B, F, and S and sprinklered.
What is Exit Access Travel Distance?
The distance an occupant must travel from a remote point to the nearest exit, defined by sprinklered or non-sprinklered.
What are the requirements for the separation between exits in a room or building?
Unsprinklered: distance is greater than or equal to half the diagonal length of the room or building.
Sprinklered: distance is greater than or equal to on third the diagonal length of the room or building.
What are the width of exit requirements for stairs and doors?
Stairs: .3 in per occ.
Doors: .2 in per occ.
Unless required with is less than other code required widths.
What width is required when two means of egress are available?
Total width divided such that the loss of one would not create more than 50% loss of capacity.
Which intervening spaces can an egress path not cross?
Kitchens, storage, closets
What is the min. corridor width and the exceptions?
44 in: Required
24 in: utility access
36 in: occ load is less than 50 or in a dwelling
72 in: Group E with 100 or more occ. or Group I
What are the requirements for encroachments on corridors?
Handrails can not be more than 7”
Trim can not be more than 1 1/2”
What are the construction requirements for corridors?
Must be a Fire partition built to the slab or to a fire rated ceiling, but not required in dwellings or Group B with one exit.
What are the Fire-rates requirements for opening in corridors and egress stairs?
1-hr Corridor: 20min door , 45min glass wall.
1-hr stairway: 1-hr door
2-hr stairway: 90min door
What is the max length of a dead end corridor?
20 ft or 50 ft in sprinkler required groups.
What are the dimension requirements of an egress door?
Min. 32 in clear
Max swing of 48 in
Min height of 80in
For occupancies of 50 or more, how wide must a stair be?
50 or more occ.: 44 or more based on occupancy
49 or less occ.: 36 in
54 in in accesible stairs with area of refuge for vignette
What is the most handrails can project into a stair?
4 1/2 the total width, but if accessible, then stair must maintain 48 in clear.
What are the requirements on landings?
A landing every 12’ vertical
Min dimension not less than half the width of the stair nor more than 48 in
What are the handrail requirements?
One on either side and intermediate rails with 30 in spacing on either side.
34-38 inches high from nose of stair
Extend 12 inches at top
Extend the same dimension of the last tread
Gripping can not be less than 1 1/4 in or 2in in cross section
A min. Gap of 1 1/2 in between handrail and wall
What are the requirements of guardrails?
Min 42 in high with gaps no larger than 4 in diam.
What is the min. STC rating for walls and IIC for floors ?
Both are 50
What are the min. dims of clear space for a wheelchair?
30in x 48in
60in diam for turning
What is the min. Passage width?
36in
What is the max slope for a sloped accesible route not considered a ramp?
1:20 or 5%
What is the max opening force allowed?
5 lbs
What are the dim requirements for floor transitions?
1/4” vertical Max
1/2” high Max with bevel over 1/2”
What is the max height of a door handle?
48 in
Which of the following Statements concerning master specifcations is FALSE?
A. The tend to reduce repetitive clerical work.
B They are usually edited by adding appropriate sections.
C. The can be difficult to keep accurate and up-to-date.
D. They Make initial draft specifications available early in a project’s development.
B
Proprietary specifications
A. are supplied by product manufacturers on loose sheets of paper for architects to bind into project manuals.
B. are usually open, but may be closed on private projects.
C. contain full technical data on the prodcuts specified.
D. contain no trade names.
B
Select the most correct statement. Building codes . . .
A. suggest ideal solutions to technical problems.
B. are intended to insure that buildings will be structurally safe until the arrival of the fire department.
C. are concerned only with assemblies of construction materails and systems, whereas zoning codes deal with the uses of a building.
D. are concerned with containing fires so that a fire in one building will not damage other buildings.
D
Where would provisions for liquidated damages normally be found?
A. Owner-Contractor Agreement
B. General Conditions of the Contract for Construction
C. Additive Alternates to the Contract
D. Proposal Form and Instructions to Bidders
A
Note the difference between when the architect observes construction and inspects construction.
Observe construction at regular intervals and inspect at Substantial Completion and Final Completion.
