CDs Flashcards
Exterior materials must have resistance to?
Ultraviolet radiation Temp changes Pollution Water Corrosion
Program needs are balanced against what?
Code
Cost
Material limitations
Cost controls need to be balanced between?
Client needs
Initial costs
Life cycle costs
Design award build delivery method
Most common Arch designs the documents Documents used for costing and award Can be a competitive bid or a negotiation with one GC Simple method as roles are well defined
Fast track delivery method
Used when overall time for design and construction is compressed
Design process over laps the construction
With this type, the owner may want to use a CM (3rd party advises on constructibility and cost during design
Design build delivery method
Owner contracts with one entity for the design and construction of the project
Owner advantages:
Single source of responsibility and administration
Fixed price
Total time of design and construction is less over traditional methods
Used by experienced owners with construction and have a detailed set of requirements
CM as an independent advisor definition
Document used…. AIA A232
General conditions of the construction contract for construction, construction manager as advisor addition
Advantages of using a CM
Early advise on constructibility
Early cost estimating, project scheduling, professional management of multiple contracts or fast track, and can be a guaranteed price and completion date
Disadvantages of a CM contract
Extra cost
Complicated management structure with more than one person on the design team
Competitive bidding among general contractors is lost
3 common methods for establishing the project cost under a CM
- Fixed price method or stipulated sum (lump sum)… Set price with no cost sharing of savings
- guaranteed maximum price (GMP)… Set price but owner receives cost savings
- Cost plus fee method …. Owner pays actual cost of construction plus indirect cost plus a fee that is agreed upon before construction begins
The prime contract
The relationship the owner has with the contractor or contractors
Most often a single prime contract
Advantage: single source of responsibility also easier for the arch to administer
Multiple prime contract
Major portions of the work are contracted with the owner …. M E P
Specialty contracts favor this
More difficult for the arch to manage
What are 3 common project delivery methods
Design bid build
Design build
Construction manager at risk
Contract documents consist of
Front end documents
Specifications
Drawings
Design build disadvantages
Owner does not have much control over design once the contract is signed
Disagreements about design and project item inclusion can occur
Quality of materials and methods are determined by the design build firm not owner
To avoid material quality issues, the owner needs a specific set of performance requirements
Design build advantages
Single source of responsibility
Contract administration is direct
Fixed price
Reduced construction time compared to traditional approaches
Bridging … A variation of the design build is?
1.Owner hires AE/PM to acts as an advisor to develop project requirements (scope
Drawings and specifications)
2. AE also works with public and private groups to gain project approval
3. Owner takes the scope dwgs and specs and bids them to a design build firm
Why is the bridging method used
Based on the idea that the design build firm is in the best position to work with manufacturers, subs, and suppliers to build at the lowest price and maintain project requirements
Integrated project delivery (IPD)
All participants closely collaborate … Owner , building users, GC, A/E, subs, and suppliers all work together starting with the pre design phase
This depends heavily on BIM
AIA document B101
A standard agreement between owner and architect
Most common document
Initial information (first article) of the AIAB 101
First article requires the arch and owner to itemize the info and assumptions of the project….
Project objectives
1.Site info
2. Owners program
3. Physical, financial, legal, and time parameters
4. Key personnel
This first article is to encourage communication … Info may change and if it does the arch can adjust the schedule, services , and compensation
What part of a spec section contains the testing requirements
Part 3
Example: plumbing test requirements are located in part 3 of section 23 40 00
Definition of a reference spec
A reference spec requires material to comply with the requirements of an independent testing lab
They are short and require knowledge of which standards best apply
Second article of the AIA B101
Lists insurance requirements General Liability Auto liability Workers comp Personal liability If owner requires more ..... The owner pays the additional cost
Third article of the AIA B101
States the scope of arch services MEP Structural Civil Arch also to provide: Schedule of services Provide green alternatives in materials and bldg orientation Estimate of the cost of work Assist in the bidding Admin services during construction
Owners responsibility under the AIA B101
Provide:
- Program Budget Schedule
- Must furnish testing, inspection, etc. services or authorize arch as a change of services
- Land surveys
- geo tech
Instruments of service as defined in the AIA B101
1 Drawings, spec and other docs are the instruments of service
2 Authors are the arch and his consultants
3 authors retain copyrights
4 the contact grants use to owner
5 if contract is terminated for cause owner looses the use of the drawings
Other provisions in the AIA B101
- Waiver of consequential damages…Limits damages from breech of contract
- Hazardous materials… Arch not responsible for discovery of removal of disposal of exposure of any hazardous materials
- Third party claims…contract does not create a relation ship with a third party with arch or owner (privity)
- Cause of action…claim or action to be taken within time prescribed by law
- Waiver of rights….waiver of damages that are covered by property insurance during construction
AIA B101 termination clause
Either party can terminate with no less than 7day notice if the other party fails substantially to perform according to the contract
New clause allows the owner to terminate without cause for owners convenience with no less than a 7 day notice
Cost of work
- Defined as the cost at current market rates of labor and materials furnished by the owner and items specified by the arch
- Includes management or supervision
- Arch does not warrant the actual cost versus the owners budget
Under cost of work… If price exceeds the budget the owner has 5 options
Increase the budget Re bid Terminate the project Cooperate in scope revision Implement any other agreed upon alternative
Arch to redesign without further compensation
Owner arch disputes begin with?
Mediation…. A neutral party assist in settling the dispute
Rules established by AAA
Cost for mediation are shared
Mediation must fail before moving to the next level
Contact decides next level …. Typically arbitration or litigation is next
Architect compensation
1 Stipulated sum or fix fee
2 Cost plus fee
3 Multiple of direct personnel expense.. Salaries are determined and a multiplier is added
4 multiple of direct salary of expense…a lager multiplier is used to provide employee benefits
5 hourly billing rate…..multiplier is built in so the owner only sees one number
6 percentage of construction cost
AIA 101 document
Used for the owner contractor agreement
AIA B101
Is used for the owner architect agreement
