CCNA Flashcards
Given the administrative distance, what is the route type?
0
Connected
Given the administrative distance, what is the route type?
1
Static
Given the administrative distance, what is the route type?
100
IGRP
Given the administrative distance, what is the route type?
110
OSPF
Given the administrative distance, what is the route type?
115
IS-IS
Given the administrative distance, what is the route type?
120
RIP
Given the administrative distance, what is the route type?
170
EIGRP (external routes)
Given the administrative distance, what is the route type?
20
BGP (external routes)
Given the administrative distance, what is the route type?
200
BGP (internal routes)
Given the administrative distance, what is the route type?
255
Unusable
What’s the IEEE standard for STP?
802.1D
What’s the IEEE standard for RSTP?
802.1W
Given the administrative distance, what is the route type?
90
EIGRP (internal routes)
What is the (expanded) range of exended, numbered ACLs?
2000 - 2699
What is the difference between a “standard’ and an “extended” ACL?
Standard ACLs consider only the source network, and then can permit or deny the entire TCP/IP protocol suite.
Extended ACLs consider both the source and destination networks, and then can permit or deny specific protocols and applications.
What is the (expanded) range of standard, numbered ACLs?
1300 - 1999
What is the (primary) range of standard, numbered ACLs?
1 - 99
What is the (primary) range of exended, numbered ACLs?
100 - 199
Given the route type, what is the administrative distance?
OSPF
110
Given the route type, what is the administrative distance?
IS-IS
115
Given the route type, what is the administrative distance?
RIP
120
Given the route type, what is the administrative distance?
EIGRP (external routes)
170
Given the route type, what is the administrative distance?
BGP (internal routes)
200
Unusable
255
Given the route type, what is the administrative distance?
Connected
0
Given the route type, what is the administrative distance?
Static
1
Given the route type, what is the administrative distance?
BGP (external routes)
20
Given the route type, what is the administrative distance?
EIGRP (internal routes)
90
Given the route type, what is the administrative distance?
IGRP
100
What’s the resulting switchport mode, given these two port settings?
Access + Trunk
DO NOT USE
(Problems occur)
What’s the resulting switchport mode, given these two port settings?
Dynamic Auto + Dynamic Auto
Access
What’s the resulting switchport mode, given these two port settings?
Dynamic Auto + Dynamic Desirable
Trunk
What’s the resulting switchport mode, given these two port settings?
Trunk + Access
DO NOT USE
(problems occur)
What’s the resulting switchport mode, given these two port settings?
Dynamic Desirable + Dynamic Auto
Trunk
What’s the resulting switchport mode, given these two port settings?
Dynamic Desirable + Dynamic Desirable
Trunk
Exec
Shown after the login prompt. Used to supply information that should be hidden from unauthorized users.
What is the typical use of this banner type?
Message of the Day
(MOTD)
Shown before the login prompt. Used for temporary messages that can change from time to time, such as “Router1 down for maintenance at midnight.”
What is the typical use of this banner type?
Login
Shown before the login prompt but after the MOTD banner. Used for permanent messages such as “Unauthorized Access Prohibited.”
How does CEF improve on Fast Switching’s routing efficiency?
Organizes the tables using tree structures for very fast searches and less time to route packets.
What sort of errors might indicate a mismatch between nodes for duplexing (one at half, one at full)?
Late collision errors at the half-duplex end.
CRC errors at the full-duplex port.
What IP IGP metric is used by EIGRP?
Composite of bandwidth and delay. Calculated based on the route’s slowest link and the cumulative delay associated with each interface in the route.
Considering RIP-1, RIP-2, EIGRP, OSPF, and IS-IS…
Yes or No –
Is classless (send masks in updates / supports VLSM)
Yes: RIP-2, EIGRP, OSPF, IS-IS
No: RIP-1 (and IGRP)
Considering RIP-1, RIP-2, EIGRP, OSPF, and IS-IS…
Distance Vector or Link State –
Their algorithm is DV, advanced DV, or LS
DV: RIP-1, RIP-2
Advanced DV: EIGRP
LS: OSPF, IS-IS
Considering RIP-1, RIP-2, EIGRP, OSPF, and IS-IS…
Yes or No –
Supports manual summarization
Yes: RIP-2, EIGRP, OSPF, IS-IS
No: RIP-1 (and IGRP)
Considering RIP-1, RIP-2, EIGRP, OSPF, and IS-IS…
Fast or Slow –
Convergence
Fast: EIGRP, OSPF, IS-IS
Slow: RIP-1, RIP-2
What key sequence results in the following?
This moves the cursor directly to the first character of the currently displayed command.
Ctrl-A
What key sequence results in the following?
This moves the cursor directly to the end of the currently displayed command.
Ctrl-E
What key sequence results in the following?
This redisplays the command line with all characters. It’s useful when messages clutter the screen.
Ctrl-R
What key sequence results in the following?
This deletes a single character.
Ctrl-D
What key sequence results in the following?
This deletes an entire line.
Ctrl-U
Interrupts the current command.
Ctrl-Shift-6
What key sequence results in the following?
This displays the most recently used command. If you press it again, the next most recent command appears, until the history buffer is exhausted.
Up arrow or Ctrl-P
What key sequence results in the following?
If you have gone too far back into the history buffer, these keys take you forward to the more recently entered commands.
Down arrow or Ctrl-N
What key sequence results in the following?
This moves the cursor backward in the currently displayed command, without deleting characters.
Left arrow or Ctrl-B
What key sequence results in the following?
This moves the cursor foward int he currently displayed command, without deleting characters.
Right arrow or Ctrl-F
What key sequence results in the following?
This moves the cursor backward in the currently displayed command, deleting characters.
Backspace
What is the minimum cable type requirement for this Ethernet Type?
10BASE-T
And what does this suggest about a switch Autonegotiation mismatch?
CAT 3, two pairs
If both sides are not set to Autonegotiate, a switch will set duplexing to Half for speeds of 10 and 100 Mbps.
What is the minimum cable type requirement for this Ethernet Type?
100BASE-T
And what does this suggest about a switch Autonegotiation mismatch?
CAT5, two pairs
If both sides are not set to Autonegotiate, a switch will set duplexing to Half for speeds of 10 and 100 Mbps.
What is the minimum cable type requirement for this Ethernet Type?
1000BASE-T
And what does this suggest about a switch Autonegotiation mismatch?
CAT5e, four pairs
If both sides are not set to Autonegotiate, a switch will set duplexing to Full for speeds of 1000 Mbps.
Which command mode does the prompt indicate?
hostname>
User EXEC
Which command mode does the prompt indicate?
hostname#
Privileged EXEC
Which command mode does the prompt indicate?
hostname(config)#
Global
Which command mode does the prompt indicate?
hostname(config-line)#
Line
Which command mode does the prompt indicate?
hostname(config-if)#
Interface
hostname(vlan)#
VLAN
What IP IGP metric is used by OSPF?
Cost. The sum of all interface cost settings for all links in a route, with the cost defaulting to be based on interface bandwidth.
Actions when Port Security Violation is “Protect”
- Discards offending traffic.
Actions when Port Security Violation is “Restrict”
- Discards offending traffic.
- Sends log and SNMP messages.
Actions when Port Security Violation is “Shutdown”
- Discards offending traffic.
- Sends log and SNMP messages.
- Disables the interface, discarding all traffic.
shutdown is the default setting.
What IP IGP metric is used by RIP-2?
Hop count. The number of routers (hops) between a router and the destination subnet.
Which two routing protocols use Distance Vector metrics?
RIP and EIGRP
Which two routing protocols use Link State metrics?
OSPF and IS-IS
What are the benefits of segmenting Ethernet devices using Hubs?
- Greater cabling distances are allowed.
What are the benefits of segmenting Ethernet devices using Switches?
- Greater cabling distances are allowed.
- Creates multiple collision domains.
- Increases bandwidth.
What are the benefits of segmenting Ethernet devices using Routers?
- Greater cabling distances are allowed.
- Creates multiple collision domains.
- Increases bandwidth.
- Creates multiple broadcast domains.
What are the four show {command} filters?
show {command} | [b | e | i | s]
- begin
- exclude
- include
- section
What is the expected Link State when the Interface Status is Up, and the Line Protocol Status is Up?
Operational / Connected.
The interface is working.
What is the expected Link State when the Interface Status is Administratively down, and the Line Protocol Status is Down?
Disabled.
The internface has been manually disabled. The shutdown command has been issued in the active configuration.
What is the expected Link State when the Interface Status is Up, and the Line Protocol Status is Down?
There is a connection problem.
This could be due to an encapsulation mismatch, an error-disabled interface on the other end, or a hardware problem.
What is the expected Link State when the Interface Status is Down, and the Line Protocol Status is Down?
Cable unplugged or interface is down.
The other end may be administratively down, or the cable is not attached.
What is the expected Link State when the Interface Status is Down, and the Line Protocol Status is Down (err-disabled)?
Err-diabled.
Port security has disabled the interface.
What in the show interfaces output indicates packets that are discarded because they exceed the maximum packet size for the medium? For example, any Ethernet packet that is greater than 1518 bytes.
Giants
What in the show interfaces output indicates packets that are discarded because they are smaller than the minimum packet size for the medium? For instance, any Ethernet package that is less than 64 bytes.
Runts
What in the show interfaces output indicates errors generated when the calculated checksum is not the same as the checksum received?
CRC
What in the show interfaces output indicates the number of messages retransmitted? This often happens on half-duplex links when two devices transmit frames at the same time.
Collisions
What in the show interfaces output indicates that the jammed signal could not reach to ends? This is caused by duplex mismatch or by exceeded Ethernet cable length.
Late collisions
What in the show interfaces output indicates total number of errors? It includes runts, giants, no buffer, CRC, frame, overrun, and ignored counts.
Input errors
What in the show interfaces output indicates the sum of all errors that prevented the final transmission of datagrams out of the interface that is being examined?
Output errors
What does a switch enter into it’s CAM table when it comes across an unknown unicast destination?
The MAC address of the source.
Describe the “Cut-Through” switching method.
The switch forwards the frame as soon as it can. This reduces latency but does not allow the switch to discard frames that fail the FCS check.
Describe the “Store-and-Forward” switching method.
The switch fully receives all bits in the frame (store) before forwarding the frame (forward). This allows the switch to check the FCS before forwarding the frame.
Describe the “Fragment-Free” switching method.
The switch forwards the frame after receiving the first 64 bytes of the frame, thereby avoiding forwarding frames that were errored because of a collision.
What are the preferred (five) terminal settings for a console connection?
Speed: 9600 b/s
Data bits: 8
Parity: None
Stop bit: 1
Flow control: None
Troubleshooting “Line Status” - what’s the general meaning of that?
Refers to the Layer 1 status - for example, is the cable installed, is it the right/wrong cable, is the device on the other end powered on?
Troubleshooting “Protocol Status” - what’s the general meaning of that?
Refers generally to the Layer 2 status. It is always down if the line status is down. If the line status is up, a protocol status of down is usually caused by a mismatched data link layer configuration.
What does Administrative Distance really measure?
“Trustworthiness”
In ACLs, a binary “0” means…
“O”bserve / Match that bit
In ACLs, a binary “1” means…
“I”gnore that bit
