CCJ1020 Chapter 3

Question 1

3. _____ study the nature, extent, cause, and control of criminal behavior.

Answer 1

Criminologists

Question 2

3. That crime is rational can be observed in a wide variety of criminal events except:

Answer 2

Arguments, such as road rage, which spiral into physical confrontations

Question 3

3. Crime prevention can be achieved by reducing the opportunities people have commit particular crimes, a technique known as ____ crime prevention.

Answer 3

Situational

Question 4

3. The ____ effect is defined as the assumed ability of the threat of criminal sanctions to discourage crime before it occurs.

Answer 4

Deterrent

Question 5

3. Putting up large signs indicating that trash must be either thrown away or recycled and placing bins to dump or recycle throughout a park is which type of situational crime prevention tactic?

Answer 5

Remove excuses

Question 6

3. Incarceration of an individual convicted of driving under the influence of alcohol is an example of:

Answer 6

Specific deterrence.

Question 7

3. _____ is a crime control policy that depends on the fear of criminal penalties.

Answer 7

general deterrence

Question 8

3. ______ assumes a rational criminal, someone who leans from experience.

Answer 8

specific deterrence

Question 9

3. _____ is not considered a biochemical factor?

Answer 9

Genetic abnormality

Question 10

3. Excessive levels of _____ have been linked to violence and aggression.

Answer 10

testosterone

Question 11

3. ____ theory believes that law violators may have suffered damage to their personalities early in their development that renders them powerless to control their impulses.

Answer 11

Psychodynamic

Question 12

3. ____ is a psychological condition whose symptoms include rebellious and aggressive behavior toward authority figures that seriously interfere with proper life functioning.

Answer 12

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Question 13

3. A personality characterized by a lack of warmth and feeling, inappropriate behavioral responses, and an inability to learn from experience is the definition of a(n):

Answer 13

antisocial personality.

Question 14

3. Many experts dispute that an IQ-crime relationship exists. Which statement is not one of the reasons offered?

Answer 14

There is no link between IQ and into social personality.

Question 15

3. Which was not one of the models of adaptation that Robert Merton produced as part of his explanation of how anomie can lead to crime?

Answer 15

Toughness

Question 16

3. ___ theory is not a type of development theory.

Answer 16

Social strain

Question 17

3. Critical criminologists believe that ___ is the biggest problem in society.

Answer 17

racism

Question 18

3. ___ is/are the process by which criminal behavior becomes embedded because antisocial behavior heroes social ties that encourage conformity and creates incentives to commit crime.

Answer 18

State dependency