cci Flashcards
the graphic representation of the scene of the crime with complete measurements of the relative distances between items or objects. It includes scales with important dimensions at the scene being shown to a good degree of accuracy.
SKETCH
excellent companion to photograph. Where photographs provide exact details, sketches offer accurate information about the placement of objects and they show relationship and distances between things
SKETCH
deals with the vicinity of the crime scene in relation to the environment like neighboring buildings, structures,or means of access leading to the scene.
Sketch of Locality / Neighborhood Sketch
illustrates the scene of the crime with the nearest physical surroundings such the yard and other natural structures
Sketch of Grounds / Ground Sketch
illustrates the scene of the crime with the nearest physical surroundings such as rooms adjacent or opposite of the scene, the number of floors of a building or house.
-layout of the scene as seen from above
Floor Plan
-This kind of sketch is applied in conflagrations and suspected arson cases where the origin of the fire and how it spread can be indicated.
Sketch of Locality / Neighborhood Sketch
a layout of the scene vertically as seen from a side
Elevation Sketch
- a layout as though the room was unfolded box
-most useful if pieces of evidence are found on the floor, walls and ceilings
Cross Projection / Exploded View / Bird’s Eye View
prepared indicating the actual measurement of things with a scale and proportion observed and oriented to the North Pole
-made by the investigator at the crime scene
-used as the basis for the finished sketch
-not drawn to scale
Rough sketch
- drawn to scale
FINAL/FINISHED SKETCH
measure from fixed points (walls, trees, poles, corners, curbs, any immovable object)
Measurement
run a baseline from one fixed point to another, from which measurements are taken at right angles
BASELINE METHOD
uses two adjacent walls as fixed points as distances are measured at right angles
RECTANGULAR COORDINATE METHOD
uses a protractor to measure the angle formed by two lines
POLAR COORDINATES METHOD / COMPASS POINT METHOD
common in outdoor scenes uses straight - line measurements from two fixed objects to the evidence to create a triangle with evidence in the angle formed by two straight lines.
TRIANGULATION METHOD
the means sanctioned by the court of law, in ascertaining in a judicial proceeding, the truth respecting a matter of fact
EVIDENCE
TYPES OF EVIDENCE THAT CAN BE LOCATED AT THE CRIME SCENE
Physical Evidence
Biological Evidence
Impression Evidence
Trace Evidence
Electronic Evidence
Content of Markings:
Outside the package are the following information (based from PNP
Manual)
- Name of the agency
- Agency case number
- Item number
- Date of incident
- Investigator’s identifier
- Where the item was found
- Date and time found
- Description of item
refers to the information written on evidence tags / evidence / or evidence package to ensure that the items can be identified by the collector at any time in the future.
Markings
Content of Markings:
a) Exhibit Case Number
b) Initials and / or signature of the collecting officer
c) Time and date of collection
d) Place or located where the evidence was collected
Outside the package are the following information (based from PNP Manual)
- Name of the agency
- Agency case number
- Item number
- Date of incident
- Investigator’s identifier
- Where the item was found
- Date and time found
- Description of item
***MARKING OF LATENT FINGERPRINT EVIDENCE
- Lifted, developed latent should also be marked or sealed in marked envelopes
FINGERPRINT EVIDENCE
- prevention of adding fingerprints to evidence, or of destroying those already present
-Large articles containing latent such as glass, metal articles, and firearms should be placed on wood or heavy cardboard and fastened down with string to prevent shifting and contact with other objects in transit
- to be examined frequently - use pegboard
PRESERVATION
**Never submit a loaded gun to the Laboratory
**A firearm with the cartridge in the chamber should never be shipped by any method, even if the weapon is not cocked or on safety.
***Never clean the bore, chamber, or cylinder before submitting a firearm, and never attempt to fire thegun before it is examined in the Laboratory
**Never pick up a weapon by placing a pencil or other object in the end of the barrel
**Record serial number, make, model, and caliber of the weapon, and mark it in some inconspicuous manner that does not detract from its value before sending it to the Laboratory
**Place weapons in strong cardboard or wooden boxes, well packed, to prevent shifting of guns in transit.
**Rifles or shotguns should not be taken apart.
**presence of blood or any other important material on the gun
FIREARM EVIDENCE
BLOOD STAINS EVIDENCE
**Blood in liquid pools
gauze pad or other clean sterile cotton cloth, air dry
BLOOD STAINS EVIDENCE
Place only one item in each container. Do not use
plastic containers
Dried Blood Stains
wrap the item in clean paper, place the article in a brown paper bag or boxand seal and label container
clothing
Dried Blood Stains
send the whole stained object to the Laboratory
small solid objects
Dried Blood Stains
cover the stained area with clean paper and seal the edges down with tape to prevent loss or contamination
large solid objects
Dried Blood Stains
scrape the stain onto a clean piece of paper, which can be folded and placed in an envelope
X for transport
Do not mix dried stains. Place each stain in a
separate envelope
Never attempt to wipe dried stains from an object using a
moistened cloth or paper
Allow any stains to air dry, wrap in paper, and package evidence in paper bags
- If damp, allow fabric to dry completely before packaging.
-Handle fabrics as little as possible
Seminal Stains
use the fingers or tweezers to pick up hair, place in paper bindlesor coin envelopes which should then be folded and sealed in larger envelopes
HAIR
HOW MANY HEAD HAIR collected in RAPE CASES
50 - 100 head hairs
HOW MANY PUBIC HAIRS COLLECTED IN RAPE CASES
30 -60 pubic hairs
a pattern resulting from a hard marking device being forced against another object e.g. indentation marks, cutting marks, abrasion marks
Tool Mark
**The tool should be first examined for the presence of any residue and trace evidence
**A tool should never be fitted into an impression to see if it could have made the mark
***For tool marks found on a removable material, collect the material directly as it is.
**For tool marks found on non-removable material, preferably, take away the part of the material wherethe mark is.
Tool Mark
If this is not possible, make a cast of the mark with
brown Mikrosil
Shoeprint or Footwear impressions can be in two forms
two-dimensional (2D)
and
three-dimensional (3D)
