CCENT Concepts Pt. 9

Question 1

Line status

Answer 1

Location - First status code.
General Meaning - Refers to the Layer 1 status - for example, is the cable
installed, is it the right/wrong cable, is the device on the other end powered
on?

Question 2

Protocol status

Answer 2

Location - Second status code
General Meaning - Refers generally to the Layer 2 status. It is always down if
the line status is down. If the line status is up, a protocol status of down
usually is caused by mismatched data link layer configuration.

Question 3

Administratively down, down

Answer 3

The interface has a shutdown

command configured on it.

Question 4

down, down

Answer 4

The interface has a no shutdown command configured, but the physical layer
has a problem. For example, no cable has been attached to the interface, or
with Ethernet, the switch interface on the other end of the cable is shut down,
or the switch is powered off.

Question 5

up, down

Answer 5

Almost always refers to data link layer problems, most often configuration
problems. For example, serial links have this combination when one router
was configured to use PPP, and the other defaults to use HDLC.

Question 6

up, up

Answer 6

All is well, interface is functioning.

Question 7

Router powers on steps

Answer 7

1. The router performs a power-on self-test (POST) to discover the hardware
   components and verify that all components work properly.
2. The router copies a bootstrap program from ROM into RAM, and runs the
   bootstrap program.
3. The bootstrap program decides which IOS image (or other OS) to load into
   RAM, and loads that OS. After loading the IOS image, the bootstrap program
   hands over control of the router hardware to the newly loaded OS.
4. If the bootstrap program loaded IOS, IOS finds the configuration file

Question 8

ROM Monitor

Answer 8

Common Name - ROMMON
Stored In - ROM
Used in … Old and new routers

Question 9

Boot ROM

Answer 9

Common Name - RxBoot, boot helper
Stored In - ROM
Used in… Only in older routers

Question 10

boot field in the configuration

register

Answer 10

1. If boot field = 0, use the ROMMON OS.
2. If boot field =1, load the first IOS file found in Flash memory.
3. If boot field = 2-F:
   a. Try each boot system command in the startup-config file, in order, until
   one works.
   b. If none of the system commands work, load the first IOS file found in
   Flash memory.

Question 11

show version information

Answer 11

The IOS version, the uptime (the length of the that has passed since the last
reload), The reason for the last reload of IOS, the time of the last loading of
IOS, the source from which the router loaded the current IOS, the amount of
RAM memory, the number and types of interfaces, the amount of NVRAM
memory, The amount of Flash memory, the configuration register’s current
and future setting (if different)

Question 12

Interior Gateway Protocol

Answer 12

A routing protocol that was designed
and intended for use inside a single
autonomous system.

Question 13

Exterior Gateway Protocol

Answer 13

A routing protocol that was designed
and intended for use between different
autonomous system.

Question 14

Distance Vectors

Answer 14

RIP-1, RIP-2, IGRP

Question 15

Link-state

Answer 15

OSPF, Integrated IS-IS

Question 16

Balanced hybrid (also called
advanced distance vector)

Answer 16

EIGRP

Question 17

Classless vs Classful routing

protocols

Answer 17

Classless - Supports VLSM, Sends subnet mask in
routing updates, Supports manual route
summarization.
Classful supports none of these.

Question 18

RIP-2 Configuration

Answer 18

router rip
version 2
network /net-number
(Optional) passive-interface /type

Question 19

show ip protocols

Answer 19

Lists information about the RIP
configuration, plus the IP addresses of
neighboring RIP routers from which the
local router has learned routes.

Question 20

DSL key features

Answer 20

DSL allows analog voice signals and digital data signals to be sent over the
same local loop wiring at the same time.
The local loop must be connected to something besides a traditional voice
switch at the local CO, in this case a device called a DSL access multiplexer
(DSLAM).
DSL allows for a concurrent voice call to be up at the same time as the data
connection.
Unlike modems, DSL’s data component is always on; in other words, you do

Question 21

Compare circuits and packet

switching

Answer 21

Circuits - Service implemented as OSI Layer 1.
Point-to-Point
Packet Switching - Service implemented as OSI
Layer 2. Multipoint (more than two)

Question 22

Inside host

Answer 22

Refers to a host in the enterprise

network.

Question 23

Inside local

Answer 23

Refers to an IP address in an IP header, with that address representing a local
host as the packet passes over the local enterprise network (not the Internet).
In this case, 192.168.1.101 and .102 are inside local IP addresses.

Question 24

Inside global

Answer 24

Refers to an IP address in an IP address in an IP header, with that address
representing a local host as the packet passes over the global Internet (not
the enterprise). In this case 64.100.1.1 is the one inside global IP address,

Question 25

Inside interface

Answer 25

The router interface connected to

the same LAN as the inside hosts.

Question 26

Outside interface

Answer 26

The router interface connected to

the Internet.