Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Year 4 > CCC > Flashcards

CCC Flashcards

1
Q

neutropenic sepsis Mx

A

Fluids

immediate broad spectrum antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

metastatic spinal cord compression Mx

A

Lie flat
Dexamethasone 16mg + PPI cover
urgent MRI scan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

superior vena cava obstruction Mx

A 
A to E
sit up 
dexamethasone 16mg & PPI cover 
CXR
morphine is SOB
vascular stenting / radiotherapy to reduce tumour size
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hypercalcaemia Mx

A

Fluids - saline

Bisphosphonates - IV zolendronic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

management of cancer can be…

A

surgery
radiotherapy
chemotherapy (kills rapidly growing cells)
pallative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

radical means

A

curative intent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

neo-adjuvant meaning

A

Before an operation/radiotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

adjuvant meaning

A

After an operation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

chemoradiation meaning

A

With radiotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pallative approach meaning

A

Incurable disease, to alleviate Sx, prolong life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bone pain management

A

NSAIDs e,g diclophenac
radiotherapy
bisphosphonates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

visceral pain

A

NSAIDs + corticosteroids
for colic pain - Anticholinergics
Bowel colic → SC hyoscine butylbromide
Bladder spasm → oral oxybutynin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

headache due to raised ICP Mx

A

Corticosteroids → to reduce the oedema - 16mg PO dexamethasone OD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

N&V - cause; gastric stasis / irraitation. Mx =

A

metoclopramide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

neuropathic pain Mx

A

Amitriptyline
Gabapentin
Pregabalin
(Corticosteroids may help)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Toxic causes N&V Mx=

A

hapoperidol
cyclizine
(however if N&V caused by chemo - give dexamethasone & ondansetron)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

cerebral causes N&V Mx =

A

Dexamethasone

Cyclizine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Anxiety and Anticipatory Causes of N&V Mx

A

Benzodiazepines

or CBT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

if got renal failure what N&V med should be used

A

haloperidol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

if opiod causing N&V which med can be used?

A

haloperidol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

if get oral thrush due to chemo use

A

Fluconazole

& topical agent; Nystatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

For opioid induced constipation use a softener & stimulant

A

Movicol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

bulking laxative

A

Movicol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

stimulant laxative

A

senna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
softener laxative
Lactulose Docusate
26
softener & stimulant laxative
Movicol Co-danthrusate
27
dysponea Mx
fan Midazolam Morphine
28
for morphine also prescibe
laxative (senna) | & anti-emetic (haloperidol)
29
terminal restlessness Mx
Look for evidence of reversible causes - Pain, retention, impaction, secretions Midazolam - SC
30
Mx death rattle
Antisecretories → buscopan
31
4 things for end of life care
Analgesic → Morphine (double effect, will cause resp depression), Diamorphine Antiemetic → haloperidol (acts as an antiemetic) Anxiolytic → Midazolam Anti-secretory → Buscopan (hyoscine butylbromide), glycopyrronium
32
Asthma step 1 Mx
short acting beta agonist e.g salbutamol
33
step 2 astma Mx
SABA + ICS
34
step 3 asthma
SABA + ICS + LABA
35
step 4 asthma
SABA + ICS + LABA + Consider increasing ICS and start trial | of LTRA or theophylline
36
step 5 asthma
increase dose ICS + LRTA, theophylline
37
step 6 asthma
refer to specialist
38
T1DM Mx
insulin
39
T2DM Mx (after failed lifestyle modifications)
Metformin 500mg BD | after food
40
If metformin in T2DM not tolerated
Gliptin or gliclazide or pioglitazone
41
step 2 T2DM
DUAL THERAPY Metformin + sulphonylurea (gliclazide 40mg OD) or pioglitazone, or SGLT2 inhibitor
42
step 3 T2DM - If at HbA1c still >58 at 6 months add
insulin
43
Metformin good as
Increases insulin sensitivity & helps weight
44
Sulphonylureas - E.g. gliclazide side effects
hypoglycaemia
45
what score do you do for coronary heart disease
QRisk2
46
Tx angina with GTN spray
GTN – if you have chest pain, stop what you’re doing, use GTN Take second dose after 5 mins, if not eased after another 5 mins/or earlier if got worse, call 999
47
1st line Tx angina (after GTN)
B blocker/CCB
48
2nd line angina
Dual therapy B Blocker/CCB and Isosorbide mononitrate Nicorondil (K+ channel blocker)
49
2ndry prevention angina
Antiplatelet – low dose aspirin or clopidogrel (If PVD/stroke use clopidogrel) ACEi if stable angina and diabetes Statin
50
Mx recurrent / prolonged seizures
Buccal Midazolam
51
Mx focal seizure
Carbemazepine or lamotrigine
52
Mx tonic clonic seizure
Sodium Valproate
53
Mx absence seizure
Sodium Valproate
54
Mx Myoclonic / Tonic / Atonic seizure
Sodium valproate
55
Tx heart failure
``` ACEi Beta blockers CCB Diuretics anticoag (if Hx VTE) aspirin (if co-exisiting with atherosclerosis) ```
56
LVF give
ACEi
57
ischemic stroke Mx if less than 4.5 hrs
thrombolysis - IV Alteplase
58
Tx iscahemic stoke
Aspirin 300mg 4 days treatment dose, then move to long term antiplatelet – usually Clopidogrel 75mg
59
haemorrhagic stroke Mx
Reverse anticoagulation if indicated Surgical referral if; Previously fit and haemorrhage with hydrocephalus or Deteriorating neurologically (Medical treatment if surgery not appropriate)
60
TIA Mx
300mg aspirin daily with PPI | Clopidogrel 75mg daily for secondary prevention
61
CKD Mx
Early diagnosis Idenyify cause Monitor progression of CKD and associated conditions (e.g. anaemia) Acidosis – consider sodium bicarb supplements Oedema – loop diuretics, restriction on fluid/sodium intake Blood pressure control indicates speed of progression Manage BP and/or proteinuria Atorvastatin 20mg OD for 1ry or 2ry prevention of CVD ACEi/ARB, even if normotensive • Prescribe antiplatelet for 2ry prevention of CVD • Advice on self-management lifestyle Avoid OTC NSAIDs, other nephrotoxins stage 4 – haemodialysis (fistula to help get access), peritoneal dialysis (permanently inserted tube) Kidney transplant – best rehabilitation and survival
62
hypertension - what scoring system
Qrisk2
63
HTN step 1 age less than 55
ACEi (alternate ARB)
64
HTN step 1 if over 55 years or african / carribean family origin
CCB
65
step 2 HTN
ACEi + CCB
66
step 2 HTN if african / carribean origin
ARB + CCB
67
step 3 HTN
ACEi + CCB + TLD
68
step 4 HTN
ACEi + CCB + TLD + D (consider refferal)
69
example TLD
indapamide
70
side effect spironololactone
gynbaecomastia
71
AF Mx - what do you wnat to prevent
Stroke
72
AF rate control
First line; ▪ Beta blocker +/- CCB • Bisoprolol • Diltiazem, verapamil
73
when would you use digoxin in Tx AF
(Digoxin - for paroxysmal AF for sedentary patients or in HF)
74
rthym control AF
* Beta-blockers | * Flecainide (if Hx of IHD/LVH don’t use as scarring in heart)
75
If AF >48 hours what can you do
cardioversion
76
how to assess stroke risk
CHA2DS2VASc
77
Assess risks and benefits of anticoagulation → ... (if controlled hypertension don’t give points) – score 3+ indicates high risk for bleeding
HAS-BLED
78
COPD Mx
smoking cessation yearly flu jab pneumococcal vaccine lifestayle
79
1st line COPD
SABA/SAMA (short acting muscarinic antagonist)
80
2nd line COPD
No asthmatic features→LABA (eg salmetrol), or LAMA (eg tiotropium) Asthmatic features→LABA + ICS in a combination inhaler If still breathless, LAMA & LABA & ICS
81
other medicines to consider COPD
Oral theophylline Mucolytics (eg carbocysteine)Loop diuretic and long term O2 therapy in cor pulmonale
82
MS Tx
optimal vit D levels | steriods for relapses
83
MND Tx
riluzole
84
parkinsons Tx
levodopa
85
OA Tx
``` footwear excercise to strengthen muscle wt loss NSAID (consider PPI) steroid injection ```
86
RA Tx
analgesia methotrexate infliximab steroids
87
depression
1st line - SSRIs CBT social factors
88
anxiety Tx
SSRIs | CBT
89
bipolar disorder Tx
``` antipsyhotics sleeping tablets lithium valproate lamotrigine carbamezapine ```
90
chronic alcohol use - acute Mx
pabrinex infusion | chloridazepoxide
91
chronic alcohol abuse Mx
``` detox using BNZs to replace alcohol disulfiram (for replapse) AA CBT eductaion ```
92
bronchiectasis Tx (Tx is not curative)
postural drainage (psychiotherapists) steroids bronchodilators antibiotics (initially broad spectrum e.g cefaclor or ciprofloxacin)
93
pulmonary fibrosis Tx
pulmonary rehabilitataion O2 therapy lung transplant
94
diverticular disease
metronidazole fluids analgesia (long term: increase fibre & fluid intake)
95
chrons Mx - inducing remission
glucocorticoids smoking cessation mesalazine
96
maintaining remission chrons
azathioprine 1st line 2nd line methotrexate (surgery)
97
inducing remission UC
rectal steroids or aminosalicylates (mesalazine) | oral pred
98
maintaining remission UC
5-ASA azathioprine operate if severe
99
coeliac Tx
gluten free diet
100
CLD Mx
remove causes - alcohol, nsaids, opiates | vit K
101
eczema Tx
emollients steroid creams avoid soaps
102
psoriasis Mx
emollients corticosteroid vita D analogue e,g calcitriol

Year 4 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions