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NCLEX REVIEW > CCBs, Cardiac Rhythms etc > Flashcards

CCBs, Cardiac Rhythms etc Flashcards

1
Q

CCBS are like _____ for the heart

A

Valium
They have negative Chrono, Dromo., and Inotropic effects

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2
Q

Inotropic effect, Chronotropic, dromotropic

A

Ino-> contraction force
Chrono-> rate
Dromo -> Speed

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3
Q

Negative Inotropic effect, Chronotropic, dromotropic

A
  • Decreased force
    -Decreased rate
    -decreased speed
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4
Q

Positive Inotropic effect, Chronotropic, dromotropic

A
  • Increased force -> improved CO
  • Accelerated HR
  • Increased speed impulse
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5
Q

What conditions do you want to relax and slow the heart?

A

HTN
Angina
arrythmias

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6
Q

Common SE of CCBs

A

Headache and hypotension

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7
Q

Most CCBs end in

A

dipine” with exception to Diltiazem and verapilmil

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8
Q

Parameters for CCBs

A

Hold if SBP<100

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9
Q

Equally distant
- has a P wave, QRS, T wave with every waveform

A

Normal SR

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10
Q

No pattern, chaotic waveform

A

V- fib

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11
Q

Sharp peaks with a wave
Bizarre QRS

A

V-tach

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12
Q

Flat line

A

Aystole

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13
Q

Chaotic P waves

A

A-fib

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14
Q

Periodic Wide Bizarre QRS Complexes

A

PVCs

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15
Q

Saw tooth P-waves

A

Atrial Flutter

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16
Q

If it deals with QRS
If it deals with p Waves

A

its ventricular
Its Atrial

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17
Q

PVCs are usually low priority but are raised to a moderate priority when either one of 3 things happen:

A
  • There are more than 6 PVCs in a minute
  • More than 6 PVCs in a row
  • A PVC falls on a T wave
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18
Q

Are PVCs after an MI good or bad

A

Good indicates heart is perfusing

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19
Q

What arrythmias are lethal and have highest priority

A

Asystole and V-Fib

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20
Q

This arrythmia has the potential to become lethal and must be quickly treated

A

V-tach

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21
Q

Treatment for PVCs and V-Tach

A

Lidocaine
and Amioderone

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22
Q

Tx for Supraventricular Tachycardia and atrial arrythmias

A

“ABCD”
A- Adenosine fast IV push less than 8 secs and 20mL flush of NS)
B- Beta Blockers
C-CCBs
D-Digitalis and Lanoxin

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23
Q

Tx for V-Fib

A

Defib for V-fib

24
Q

Tx for asystole

A

Epi and Atropine

25
What does a Chest tube do?
It reestablishes negative pressure in the pleural space to allow for lung to expand.
26
What does a chest tube remove for a pneumothorax
Air
27
What does a chest tube remove for a hemothorax
blood
28
Is Bubbling expected in a chest tube for a pneumothorax?
Yes
29
Is bubbling expected in a C tube for a hemothorax
No it should be Draining is instead
30
Apical chest tubes removes what
Air
31
Basilar C- tubes remove what
blood and body fluids
32
Trauma and surgery pts assume that they get what? unilateral or bilat chest tubes?
Assume unilateral unless specified
33
Chest tubes can be used for which one pneumonectomy or lobectomy?
A lobectomy
34
What happens if a drainage device is knocked over
Ask pt to take a deep breath and set it up right, not an emergency
35
What are the order of steps done if a water seal breaks
1. Clamp 2. Cut the tube 3.submurge end of tube under steril water 4. unclamp
36
Most important step to do when water seal breaks
Submerge end of tube in sterile water
37
What if Ctube gets pulled out?
1. Take gloved hand and cover it 2. Take a sterile vaseline gauze and tape 3 sides
38
The best step or priority if chest tube gets pulled out is
Take a sterile vaseline gauze and tape 3 sides
39
bubbling in a water seal chamber is good whe it occurs
intermittently and not continuous (this indicates a leak)
40
Bubbling in a suction control chamber is good only when it occurs
continously! If its only intermittent, pressure is too low and needs to be increased.
41
What has a higher risk of infection a thoracentesis or C-Tube
The Chest tube
42
How long can you clamp a tube for?
no more than 15 seconds and use rubber tooth double clamps.
43
If a pediatric patient has a TRouBLe CHD they:
- Needs surgery now - FAilure to thrive - have a shortened life - be discharged on a cardiac monitor -Will be in hospital for weeks after birth - referral to cardiologist -it will be an emotional and financial toll on parents
44
A TRouBLe CHD is:
R and L: blood shunts form right to left B: Blue Cyanosis T: Starts with a T except for Left ventricle hypoplastic syndrome
45
All children with either a TRouBLe CHD or Non- trouble CHD
Will have a mumur and need an echocardiogram
46
The 4 defects of Tetralogy of Fallot are:
- Pulmonary artery stenosis -RVH -Overriding aorta -VSD "PROV"
47
Contact precautions are used for anything:
Enteric, Staph, RSV, Herpes
48
PPE used for Contact
-Private room preferred -can be grouped only based on culture -Gown, Gloves -Disposable supply -dedicated equipment
49
When is droplet precautions used
For bugs traveling on large particles through coughing and sneezing less than 3 feet away - Meningitis, Hib, Epiglottitis
50
PPE for Droplet
-Private room Preferred -Cohorted based on same culture - handwashing -Mask, goggles, face shield - Disposable supply -dedicated equipment
51
When is Airborne Precautions used
MTV - Measles, TB, Varicella
52
PPE for Airborne
- Private room preferred - can be in same roome based off of culture - Hand washing, goggles, FS, Respirator or N95 - Pt must wear mask outside of room Door must be shut -Negative pressure room
53
Donning on PPE
Gown Mask Goggles Gloves
54
Doffing PPE
Gloves goggles gown mask
55
IV Drip Rates
Volume x drop factor/ Time
56
Macro drip
10 drops per mL
57
Micro
60 drops per mL

NCLEX REVIEW (6 decks)

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