Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Uni > CC6 > Flashcards

CC6 Flashcards

1
Q

Paris Agreement

A

Signed in 2015, Updated in the COP 26 Summit in 2021

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

17 SDGs

A

Set up by UN in 2015

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Effects of climate change

A

Global warming, extreme weather, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Main GHG

A

CO2, stays in atmosphere for thousands of years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CO2 is naturally removed by

A

Plants, and the ocean (but ocean becomes more acidic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Atmospheric carbon pool

A

reached 400 parts per mil in 2013 for the first time, and in 2022, is close to 420 parts per mil and is steadily increasing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Warmest 10 years on record

A

have occurred since 2005

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Rate of warming in the past 40 years

A

is about 0.16 degrees/decade, twice the rate compared to the past, of 0.08 degrees/decade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

At the UN climate summit in Copenhagen 2009, world leaders

A

pledged to donate $100b USD/year to poorer countries by 2020 to help them adapt to climate change (HAS NOT BEEN MET)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The first time that countries worldwide signed a deal to work together to limit global warming, and made financial commitments to do so:

A

Paris Agreement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which human activity adds the most CO2 to the atmosphere?

A

Combustion of fossil fuels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Sustainable development solutions are:

A

Solutions may be simple but hard to finance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does planting trees address climate change?

A

Cool down naturally through shading and releasing water through transpiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Around 10% of the world population lives in:

A

Extreme poverty and cannot afford basic needs such as food water and sanitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rate of poverty has been declining steadily but only recently rising again in 30 years because:

A

of the COVID Pandemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Absolute poverty line in 2011 and 2017 PPP

A

$1.90 USD per day, $2.15 USD per day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which area has the highest poverty rates

A

Sub-saharan africa and South Asia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

SDGs has _____ direct and _______ indirect goals to promote social inclusion

A

3, 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Gini coefficient does not tell anything about overall wealth, income of a country, Quality of life, nor gender economic well being

A

It only reflects income inequality, higher index = higher inequality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Gender inequality index (GII) measures

A

inequality between female and male achievements in 3 dimensions. It ranges from 0, which indicates that women and men fare equally, to 1, which indicates that women fare as poorly as possible in all measured dimensions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Gender development index (GDI)

A

Higher better, up to 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Income of 99% of population fell during pandemic

A

Only 10 men doubled their wealth during this period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Highest level of gender inequality is in

A

Asia, Middle East, and North Africa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Wealthy people can use their wealth to

A

gain political influence and influence policies in their favour, with things like tax breaks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

We need to __________ to achieve zero hunger

A

End wars and conflict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Agriculture contributes to _____ of GHG emissions, mainly arising from _______

A

25-30%, deforestation, loss of carbon from soil, methane gas from animal waste

27
Q

Singapore’s “three food baskets” policy

A

Import food like eggs from three countries, malaysia australia and europe

28
Q

Singapore wants to produce ____ of its needs by 2030

A

30%, tripling domestic production of today

29
Q

____ and ______ have a larger impact on global compared to ______ (food)

A

Meat and dairy, plants

30
Q

Why was the WFP awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2020?

A

For its efforts to combat hunger, and its contributions to bettering conditions for conflict-affected areas

31
Q

How much produced food did not reach the market or was discarded after purchase in 2020?

A

A third

32
Q

larvae of black soldier flies are used to

A

Convert food waste into nutritious compost

33
Q

How much land (%) is used to grow crops for human consumption, and how much is for livestock?

A

27% of habitable land is used for livestock, 7% for growing crops for human consumption

34
Q

What is the proportion of the world’s population facing ‘high levels of BASELINE water stress’ and ‘high level of water stress’?

A

1/4 and 1/3 respectively

35
Q

Why was Singapore ranked badly for natural water resources in the 2006 World Water Development Report?

A

Limited land for catchments, etc etc

36
Q

2 water agreements signed between SG and MY

A

1961 (expired in 2011), and 2011 (expired in 2061)

37
Q

Singapore’s 4 national taps

A

Local catchment, Imported from MY, NEWater (5 plants), and Desalination (5 plants)

38
Q

Which economic sector consumes the most water worldwide?

A

Agriculture

39
Q

NEWater is expected to meet ____% of Singapore’s water demand by 2030?

A

50%

40
Q

Perfect global temp is

A

18 deg c

41
Q

There are ____ major GHG

A

6

42
Q

Global warming potential of ____ is higher than _____

A

methane, co2

43
Q

IPCC findings found that atmospheric CO2 concentration in 2019 was higher at any time in the last 2m years

A

Yes

44
Q

Ways to make polluters pay, but not harm economy in process:

A

Carbon Tax ($5/tonne in SG), Cap and Trade (You can sell excess credits if you pollute less than threshold)

45
Q

When was the UNFCCC signed

A

1992

46
Q

What incentives do businesses have to stop CO2 emissions

A

Only moral and ethical incentives (Definitely not financial)

47
Q

Kyoto Protocol signed in

A

1998, with 192 countries agreeing to take legally binding targets to reduce emissions.

First commitment period ended in 2012

48
Q

Many developed countries aim to achieve _____________ by 2050

A

Net zero GHG emission

49
Q

___________ illnesses are some of the top 10 causes of death worldwide

A

Respiratory

50
Q

Air pollution is responsible for ______ of global warming

A

40%

51
Q

In 2021, SG’s plastic recycling rate was

A

4%

52
Q

According to NEA, the maximum permissible noise level to which a SGporean working at home should be exposed to for 1h is about

A

67 decibels

53
Q

Noise pollution affects animals negatively in 3 ways

A

Finding food, hearing predators, communication

54
Q

Five periods of modern consumerism

A

1500-1800s: Adoption of luxury goods such as tea coffee spices silk cotton ceramics

1800-1880s: Rise of large urban middle class and widespread use of manufactured goods

1880-1930s: Consumerism became an economic strategy to stimulate increase in production of consumer goods to improve living stds

1930-1970s: Consumerism requires economies to base mainly on production and distribution to improve living stds and avoid social conflicts

1970-Now: Consumerism associated with globalisation and digitalisation

55
Q

In SG, the amount of waste disposed has increased ________ in the past 40 years

A

7-fold

56
Q

Main GHGs

A

CO2, Methane, N20, HCFC, HFC, Ozone

57
Q

Production-Consumption chain:

A

Extract > Produce > Distribute > Consume > Dispose

58
Q

5 major driving forces of consumption:

A

Economic (income), social, demographic, cultural, psychological

59
Q

Singapore zero waste masterplan:

A

Adopting a circular economy approach to waste and resource mgmt practices, towards more sustainable production and consumption

60
Q

What did former UN Secretary-General say about global sustainability

A

● “Our struggle for global sustainability will be won or lost in cities.”

61
Q

Proportion of global urban populaiton

A

2018: 55%
2050: 68%

62
Q

Doughnut economics

A

Social FOUNDATION to ensure no one is left falling short on life’s essentials, and ecological CEILING to prevent humanity doesn’t overshoot planetary boundaries

= Doughnut-shaped space between 2 boundaries

63
Q

Examples of environmental hazards in cities:

A

Urban heat island, Urban flooding

Uni (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions