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Brieshinelle Balot Gripon, RMT August 2024 > CC > Flashcards

CC Flashcards

1
Q

Derivatives of serotonin; psilocybin is a component of “magic mushrooms”

A

Tryptamines

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2
Q

Same feeling as “pleasant feeling” observed in amphetamines

A

Piperazines

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3
Q

Anesthetic; antihistamine & antitussive properties

A

Methaqualone

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4
Q

“Bad trip” as a panic rxn, most potent pharmacology materials known

A

Lysergic acid diethylamine

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5
Q

Have therapeutic roles and CNS depressants; potentiate the effects of heroin

A

Sedative hypnotics (barbiturates & benzodiazepines)

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6
Q

Depressant, stimulant & has hallucinogenic and anesthetic properties

A

Phencyclidine (Angel hair /Angel dust), tx: isolation in quiet dark room

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7
Q

Derived from opium poppy; capable of analgesic, sedation & anesthesia; pinpoint pupils

A

Opiates (morphine: most powerful analgesic)

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8
Q

Urinary metabolite of cocaine

A

Benzoylecgonine

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9
Q

Only drug that can be tested for up to 45 days, loss of intellectual function

A

Cannabinoids

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10
Q

Naturally occurring cannabinoids

A

Marijuana, hashish

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11
Q

Urinary metabolite of cannabinoids

A

Il-nor- deltatetrahydrocannabinol

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12
Q

Improves athletic performance by increasing muscle mass

A

Anabolic steroids

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13
Q

Treatment of narcolepsy & attentional deficit disorder

A

Amphetamines/shabu

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14
Q

No obvious impairment

A

0.01 - 0.05% w/v

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15
Q

Mild euphoria decreased inhabitations (some impairment of motor skills)

A

0.03-0.12 % w/v

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16
Q

Decreased inhibitions
Loss of critical judgement
Memory impairment
Diminished reaction time

A

0.09-0.25% w/v

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17
Q

Mental confusion, dizziness, strongly impaired motor skills

A

0.18-0.30%

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18
Q

Unable to stand/walk
Vomiting
Impaired consciousness

  • best ages to get pregnant w/ symptoms
A

0.27-0.40% w/v

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19
Q

Coma & possible death

A

0.35- 0.50% w/v

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20
Q

Nv of lead in body

A

3.5 ug/dL

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21
Q

Causes blindness, damage arteries & veins

A

Methanol

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22
Q

Ability to amalgamate, pink disease, minimata dse

A

Mercury

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23
Q

Causes CNS depression & hypertension

A

Isopropanol

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24
Q

Used in electroplating & galvanizing, significant environmental pollutant

A

Cadmium

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25
Q

Odor of garlic breath w/ metallic taste. it has high affinity to keratin

A

Arsenic

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26
Q

Common constituent of hydraulic fluid and auti-freeze

A

Ethylene glycol

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27
Q

Causes cherry red blood and skin
Colorless, tasteless, very toxic substance

A

Carbon monoxide

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28
Q

Bitter almonds breath odor

A

Cyanide

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29
Q

Other name of pre-albumin

A

Transthyretin

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30
Q

General transport protein, highest concentration

A

Albumin

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31
Q

Transports retinol & T4, used to confirm if spx is CSF

A

Pre-albumin

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32
Q

Maintains osmotic pressure along with salt

A

Albumin

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33
Q

Cystic fibrosis high prognostic marker

A

Albumin

34
Q

Major inhibitor of protease activity

A

Alpha-1-antitrypsin

35
Q

Most abundant Fetal in protein serum
Synthesized initially by Fetal yolk sac & then by Fetal parenchyma cells of liver

A

Alpha 1 fetoprotein

36
Q

Transports free hgb
Primary Marker for intravascular hemolysis especially in HDN and HTR

A

Haptoglobin

  • depleted or consumed haptoglobin in intravascular hemolysis
37
Q

Marker for Wilson’s disease & binds to copper

A

Ceruloplasmin

38
Q

Increases 10x in necrosis
Largest major non-immunoglobulin protein in plasma

A

Alpha2-macroglobulin

39
Q

Transports iron to its storage sites
(-) APR with albumin & pre-albumin

A

Transferrin

40
Q

Binds heme released by degradation of hemoglobin
Secondary marker for intravascular hemolysis

A

Hemopexin

41
Q

Most abundant coagulation Factor
Appears as distinct band between beta and gamma globulin

A

Fibrinogen

42
Q

Cardiac marker, it is used as an early warning test at risk of coronary artery disease
(+) APR

A

C-reactive-protein

43
Q

Synthesized in plasma cells

A

Immunoglobulin

44
Q

Screening test for AMI
Nonspecific cardiac marker

A

Myoglobin

45
Q

Useful for assessment OF early and late AMI
Also increased in renal dse and muscular dystrophy

A

Troponin T

46
Q

Marker ONLY in early AMI
Gold standard confirmatory for AMI
Found in myocardium

A

Troponin I

47
Q

Marker for CHF ( not for AMI )

A

B-type natriuretic peptide ( BNP)

48
Q

Tube used for troponin T testing

A

Green top tube

49
Q

Tube used for troponin I testing

A

Red glass tube

50
Q

Spx used for BNP

A

Heparinized plasma

51
Q

Cysteine proteinase inhibitor
Endogenous renal marker

A

Cystatin C

52
Q

Early indicator of glomerular dysfunction

A

Microalbuminuria

53
Q

NV of microalbuminuria

A

0-29 mg / day

54
Q

Microalbuminuria ref value

A

30-300 mg / day or 20-200

55
Q

Clinical microalbuminuria ref value

A

> 300 mg / day or > 200

56
Q

Sensitive but non-specific marker for kidney disease

A

Proteinuria (possible orthostatic)

57
Q

Gold standard / reference method for glomerular filtration rate

A

Inulin clearance

  • not reabsorbed nor secreted by the tubules
58
Q

Best alternative method for glomerular filtration rate test

A

Creatinine clearance

59
Q

Measures the completeness of a 24-hour urine collection

A

Creatinine clearance

60
Q

Earliest glomerular filtration test
Can demonstrate progression of renal disease or response to therapy

A

Urea clearance

61
Q

Low molecular weight protease inhibitor
Indirect test, should not be present ibloodn

A

Cystatin C

62
Q

Low mol weight glycoprotein
Belongs to the lipocalin protein family and functions as prostaglandin D synthase

A

Beta trace protein

63
Q

Major end product of protein and amino and catabolism

A

Blood urea nitrogen

64
Q

First metabolite to increase in renal diseases
Easily removed by dialysis

A

BUN

65
Q

Causes hepatic coma

A

Ammonia

66
Q

Formula for urea

A

BUN x 2.14

67
Q

Diacetyl monoxime method / Fearon’s rxn

A

Urea + DAM = Yellow Diazine derivative

68
Q

Direct / chemical reference method for BUN determination

A

Isotope dilution Mass spectrophotometery

69
Q

Formed from oxidation of creatine
End product of muscle metabolism derived from creatine

A

Creatinine

70
Q

Formed from oxidation of creatine
End product of muscle metabolism derived from creatine

A

Creatinine

71
Q

Index of overall renal function (100% waste)

A

Creatinine

72
Q

Chemical method for creatinine determination

A

Direct Jaffa method

73
Q

Sensitive but nonspecific chemical method for creatinine

A

Folin Wu

74
Q

Sensitive and specific method for creatinine

A

Lloyd’s or fuller’s earth method

75
Q

Elevated concentration of nitrogenous substances like urea and creatinine

A

Azotemia

76
Q

Diminished glomemilar filtration w/ normal renal function

A

Pre-renal azotemia

77
Q

Damaged within the kidneys
Causes: acute / chronic renal disease, glomenilonephritis

A

Renal azotemia

78
Q

Result of urinary tract obstruction
Causes: renal calculi, cancer tumors of genitourinary tract

A

Post-renal azotemia

79
Q

Marked elevation of plasma urea and other NPN accompanied by academia and hyperkalemia

A

Uremia

80
Q

Characterized by anemia, uremic frost, generalized edema, foul breath and sweat is urine-like

A

Uremia

81
Q

Major product of purine catabolism
Formed from xanthine by the action of xanthine oxidase

A

Blood uric acid

Brieshinelle Balot Gripon, RMT August 2024 (6 decks)

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