CC Flashcards
Included in whipple’s triad, except:
a. Signs and symptoms of Hypoglycemia
b. Plasma glucose of <70 mg/dL
c. Relief of symptoms after glucose load
d. None of these
b. Plasma glucose of <70 mg/dL
True of the smallest enzyme:
a. Amylase
b. Ptyalin
c. Catalyze breakdown of polysaccharide
d. Both a and c
e. All of these
e. All of these
Which of the following results in Two-Step Method of OGTT is not a criterion for diabetes
a. FBS >95 mg/dL
b. 1hr ≥ 150 mg/dL
c. 2 hr ≥ 153 mg/dL
d. 3 hr ≥ 140 mg/dL
c. 2 hr ≥ 153 mg/dL
Which of the following is not an Alkaline Copper Reduction Method
a. Folin Wu
b. Neocuproine
c. Nelson Somogyi
d. Benedict’s
e. None of the choices
Enzyme added in Glucose Oxidase Method to measure all forms of glucose
a. Mutarotase
b. Catalase
c. Coagulase
d. G6PD
a. Mutarotase
Most important requirement for patients requested wit OGTT
a. Fasting 8-10 hours, not exceeding 16 hours
b. Unrestricted diet for 3 days prior to testing
c. Patient must not be bedridden
d. Patient is restricted to exercise right before the blood collection commence
c. Patient must not be bedridden
Reduced chromogens added in glucose oxidase method, except:
a. O-dianisidine
b. N,N-dimethylaniline
c. 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazine
d. O-toluidine
d. O-toluidine
A condition wherein cellular insulin receptors are altered or not present
a. Type 1 DM
b. Juvenile Onset DM
c. Brittle Diabetes
d. All of these
e. None of these
Recommended treatment is administration of insulin
a. Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
b. Brittle Diabetes
c. Ketosis-prone Diabetes
d. All of these
e. None of these
d. All of these
Sodium fluoride inhibits glycolysis by
a. Forming complex with Mg2+
b. Inhibiting fructokinase
c. Both
d. Neither
a. Forming complex with Mg2+
Whole blood glucose values are approximately what percent different from plasma glucose values?
a. 20% higher
b. 15% lower
c. 50% higher
d. No difference
b. 15% lower
Recommended method of OGTT among non- pregnant patient is measurement of glucose on blood sample collected after
a. Fasting time, 120 minutes post glucose load
b. Fasting time, 60, 120, 180 minutes post glucose load
c. Fasting time, 60, 120 minutes post glucose load
d. None of the above
a. Fasting time, 120 minutes post glucose load
Which of these does not promote gluconeogenesis?
a. Glucocorticoids
b. T3 and T4
c. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
d. None of these
d. None of these
HbA1c level is dependent on
a. RBC life span
b. Plasma glucose concentration
c. Both
d. Neither
c. Both
Conversion of glucose into stored form
a. Gluconeogenesis
b. Glycogenesis
c. Glycolysis
d. Glycogenolysis
b. Glycogenesis
Drugs that can induce dysfunctional beta-cells
a. Dilantin
b.Thiazides
c. Glucocorticoids
d. Both b and c
a. Dilantin
Genetic disorder associated with death of brain cells
a. Leprechaunism
b. Huntington’s chorea
c. Rabson-mendengall
d. None of these
b. Huntington’s chorea
The formation of schiff’s base is true about what glucose method
a. Glucose oxidase method
b. Hexokinase method
c. Titrimetric method
d. Condensation method
d. Condensation method
True of glucagon, except
a. Increased during stress
b. Normally increased after meal
c. Primary hyperglycemic hormone
d. None of these
b. Normally increased after meal
Reactive hypoglycemia which occurs 4 hours post-prandially typically shows neurogenic symptoms. Fasting hypoglycemia typically shows neuroglycopenic symptoms which occurs after 10 hours without food intake
a. Only first statement is false
b. Only second statement is false
c. Both statements are true
d. Both statements are false
c. Both statements are true
Renal threshold for glucose
a. 180 mg/dL of plasma glucose
b. refers to the concentration of glucose in the plasma that ceases renal reabsorption of glucose
c. Both a and b
d. Neither
c. Both a and b
Preferred method of measurement of glycated hemoglobin
a. Affinity chromatography
b. Cation-exchange Chromatography
c. Electrophoresis
d. High Performance Liquid Chromatography
a. Affinity chromatography
Presence of sugar in urine
a. Glucosuria
b. Melituria
c. Both a and b
d. Neither
b. Melituria
The end color of Folin Wu method is blue colored solution. The same end color is exhibited by Benedict’s test
a. Only first statement is false
b. Only second statement is false
c. Both statements are true
d. Both statements are false
b. Only second statement is false
Glucose oxidase alone can measure all forms of glucose in the blood. Hexokinase method is not affected by bilirubin unlike glucose oxidase
a. Only first statement is false
b. Only second statement is false
c. Both statements are true
d. Both statements are false
d. Both statements are false
Which of the following pairs of GSD and enzyme deficiency is correct
a. Pompe- Muscle phosphorylase
b. Von Grerke- Glucose-6-translocase
c. Hers- Glycogen phosphorylase
d. Tauri- Glycogen synthase
c. Hers- Glycogen phosphorylase
Most common enzyme deficient in galactosemia
a. Galactokinase
b. Galactose 1-phosphate uridyl transferase
c. Uridine diphosphate galactose-4-epimerase
d. None of these
b. Galactose 1-phosphate uridyl transferase
All are true about stable diabetes, except
a. Insulinopenia
b. Undetectable C-peptide
c. Presence of autoantibodies
d. All of these
e. None of these
d. All of these
Recommended short-term glycemic monitoring test for patients with hemoglobinopathy
a. Glycosylated hemoglobin
b. Plasma protein ketoamine
c. Both a and b
d. Neither
b. Plasma protein ketoamine
Which Type 1 DM associated autoantibody is common among adults
a. Islet cell autoantibodies
b. Tyrosine phosphatase IA-2
c. Glutamic acid decarboxylase
d. Insulin autoantibodies
c. Glutamic acid decarboxylase
The visible spectrum lies between what wavelengths?
a. 200-600 nm
b. 400-700 nm
c. 300-500 nm
d. 700-800 nm
b. 400-700 nm
Which component of spectrophotometer function to isolate specific spectrum of wavelength from a polychromatic light?
a. Light source
b. Monochromator
c. Photodetector
d. Read-out device
b. Monochromator
Photometric technique useful in measurement of easily excitable ions
a. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
b. Flame photometry
c. Fluorometry
d. Chemiluminescence
b. Flame photometry
Which of the following methods measured the amount of light scattered
a. Flame photometry
b. Turbidimetry
c. Nephelometry
d. Chemiluminescence
c. Nephelometry
The most common and reliable way of quantitating electrophoretic pattern
a. Fluorometry
b. Densitometry
c. Chemiluminescence
d. Use of UV light
b. Densitometry
Light source used by atomic absorption spectrophotometry
a. LASER
b. Flame
c. Hollow-cathode lamp
d. Deuterium lamp
c. Hollow-cathode lamp
Turbidimetry measures the amount of light scattered by a particle. Instrument used in turbidimetry is spectrophotometer.
a. Only first statement is false
b. Only second statement is false
c. Both statements are true
d. Both statements are false
a. Only first statement is false
Photometric technique useful in measurement of unexcitable ions
a. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
b. Flame photometry
c. Fluorometry
d. Chemiluminescence
a. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Converts transmitted radiant energy into its equivalent electrical energy
a. Light source
b. Monochromator
c. Photodetector
d. Read-out device
c. Photodetector
A type of spectrophotometer that permits automatic correction of sample absorbance by simultaneously measuring the absorbance of the blank and the sample
a. Single-beam spectrophotometer
b. Double-beam spectrophotometer
c. Fluorometer
d. All of these
b. Double-beam spectrophotometer
Which of the following electrolyte is not measured in the laboratory
a. Ionized calcium
b. Potassium
c. Organic phosphate
d. Magnesium
c. Organic phosphate
True of Cystic Fibrosis, except
a. Electrolytes are increased in the sweat
b. Exocrine glands are affected
c. Congenital disorder
d. Inherited from gene in chromosome 7
e. None of the choices
e. None of the choices
Electrolytes that are used to calculate Anion Gap, except
a. Chloride
b. Potassium
c. Sodium
d. Carbonic Acid
d. Carbonic Acid
Ion selective electrodes are called selective rather than specific because they actually measure the
a. Activity of one ion only
b. Concentration of the ion
c. Activity of one ion much more than other ions present
d. Concentration and activity of one ion only
c. Activity of one ion much more than other ions present
In an internal standard flame photometry, the internal standard is used to
a. Correct for errors in making dilutions
b. Correct for variations in flame and atomizer charac.
c. Help in separating Na+ and K+ signals
d. Give a direct reading in concentration
b. Correct for variations in flame and atomizer charac
In flame emission photometry, an excited orbital electron returns to ground and emits
a. A photon of light with a wavelength for the element being measured
b. A measurable current proportional to the conc. of the element being measured
c. A total charge proportional to the energy sed in the reduction of the element being measured
d. A constant potential equal to the concentration of the element being measured
a. A photon of light with a wavelength for the element being measured
The antibiotic used in potassium determination for ion selective electrode is
a. Vancomycin
b. Erythromycin
c. Amikacin
d. Valinomycin
d. Valinomycin
In flame photometry, potassium emits this characteristic color
a. red
b. violet
c. orange
d. yellow
b. violet
Quantitation of Na+ and K+ by ion-selective electrode is the standard method because
a. dilution is required for flame photometry
b. there is no lipoprotein interference
c. of advance in electrochemistry
d. of the presence of an internal standard
c. of advance in electrochemistry
The buffering capacity of blood is maintained by a reversible exchange process between bicarbonate and
a. sodium
b. potassium
c. calcium
d. chloride
d. chloride
Which of the following electrolytes is the chief plasma cation whose main function is maintaining osmotic pressure
a. chloride
b. calcium
c. potassium
d. sodium
d. sodium
A potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L (6.8 mmol/L) is obtained. Before reporting the results the first step the technologist should take is to
a. check the serum for hemolysis
b. rerun the test
c. check the age of the patient
d. do nothing, simply report out the result
a. check the serum for hemolysis
In the kidneys, reciprocal relationship exists between
a. sodium and potassium
b. sodium and chloride
c. potassium and CO2
d. sodium and bicarbonate
a. sodium and potassium
What is the colorimetric method used in determining sodium conc.?
a. Schales and schales
b. Lockhead and Purcell
c. Ferric thiocyanate
d. Albanese Lein
d. Albanese Lein
What is the preferred anticoagulant of choice for Na+ and K+ determination?
a. Sodium citrate
b. EDTA
c. Sodium Heparin
d. Lithium Heparin
d. Lithium Heparin
The electrolyte responsible for the regulation of RMP and excitation of skeletal muscle
a. sodium
b. chloride
c. potassium
d. lithium
c. potassium
Chronic Thiazide intake could _____ renal reabsorption of calcium thus promote _____ plasma level of calcium
a. INC, DEC
b. DEC, DEC
c. INC, INC
d. DEC, INC
c. INC, INC
Among patients with Vitamin D deficiency, the calcium absorption in the small intestine is _____ while the plasma level is ______
a. LOW/LOW
b. LOW/HIGH
c. HIGH/LOW
d. HIGH/HIGH
a. LOW/LOW
Clark-Collip method is used to determine the level of which electrolyte?
a. Magnesium
b. Phosphate
c. Bicarbonate
d. Calcium
d. Calcium
In hyperthyroidism, there is _____ Magnesium renal reabsorption and _____ plasma magnesium level
a. LOW/HIGH
b. HIGH/LOW
c. HIGH/HIGH
d. LOW/LOW
d. LOW/LOW
Pancreatitis promotes ______ absorption of Magnesium in the S.I. and ____ Magnesium plasma level
a. LOW/HIGH
b. HIGH/LOW
c. HIGH/HIGH
d. LOW/LOW
d. LOW/LOW
In renal tubular acidosis, the plasma potassium level is _____ while the potassium renal excretion is ______
a. LOW/HIGH
b. HIGH/LOW
c. LOW/LOW
d. HIGH/HIGH
a. LOW/HIGH
The following can increase potassium level in the plasma, except
a. Prolong tourniquet application
b. Thrombocytopenia
c. Hemolysis
d. Rapid fist quenching
b. Thrombocytopenia
When there is muscle paralysis, the potassium level is _____ while the cell excitability is ____
a. HIGH/HIGH
b. LOW/HIGH
c. LOW/LOW
d. HIGH/LOW
c. LOW/LOW
When ADH level is excessive, the plasma conc. of sodium is ______ while water retention is ______
a. LOW/HIGH
b. HIGH/HIGH
c. HIGH/LOW
d. LOW/LOW
a. LOW/HIGH
In Multiple Myeloma, the unmeasured anion is _______ with _______ anion gap
a. HIGH/HIGH
b. LOW/LOW
c. HIGH/LOW
d. LOW/HIGH
b. LOW/LOW
In metabolic alkalosis, there is _____ anion gap because of ______ unmeasured anion
a. HIGH/LOW
b. LOW/HIGH
c. LOW/LOW
d. HIGH/HIGH
d. HIGH/HIGH
Ferro and Ham method is utilized for the determination of which electrolyte
a. Magnesium
b. Phosphate
c. Calcium
d. Lactate
c. Calcium
Titan yellow method is used for the determination of which electrolyte
a. Magnesium
b. Phosphate
c. Calcium
d. Lactate
a. Magnesium
Fiske-Subbarow method is employed for the determination of which electrolyte
a. Magnesium
b. Phosphate
c. Calcium
d. Lactate
b. Phosphate
The condition where there is lowest percent saturation of iron is ____
a. Megaloblastic anemia
b. Pernicious anemia
c. IDA
d. Hemolytic anemia
e. NOTC
c. IDA
The trace element that is a vital component of Vitamin B12 is ____
a. Copper
b. Manganese
c. Cobalt
d. Iron
e. NOTC
c. Cobalt
The vitamin that plays a vital role in blood coagulation mechanism is
a. A
b. B6
c. C
d. K
e. NOTC
d. K
It is the principal iron transport protein in the body
a. Ferritin
b. Apotransferrin
c. Apoferritin
d. Transferrin
e. NOTC
d. Transferrin
Trace element that is essential in the normal metabolism of cholesterol in the body
a. Molybdenum
b. Arsenic
c. Chromium
d. Lead
e. NOTC
c. Chromium
Trace element that is important in its inclusion on xanthine oxidase
a. Copper
b. Molybdenum
c. Arsenic
d. Zinc
e. NOTC
b. Molybdenum
This trace element is carried by a protein known as Ceruloplasmin
a. Copper
b. Molybdenum
c. Arsenic
d. Zinc
e. NOTC
a. Copper
The storage form of iron in the spleen, bone marrow, and liver is ____
a. Transferrin
b. Ferritin
c. Apotransferrin
d. Ferroportin
b. Ferritin
The vitamin acts in iron absorption in the GIT
a. B12
b. C
c. E
d. K
e. NOTC
b. C
The trace element that is important in the immune system as it helps in strengthening the leukocytes
a. Manganese
b. Cobalt
c. Copper
d. Zinc
e. NOTC
d. Zinc
