CBT (psychological treatment) Flashcards
What is the aim of cognitive behavioural therapy? (Psychological treatment/non biological)
To identity irrational thinking patterns and examine their relationship with the individuals emotions and behavioural responses in certain situations.
What is the hot cross bun diagram?
A simple foundation that is used in CBT to develop self-awareness of how our thoughts and emotions and physical state all influence each other.
How conducts CBT?
A trained professional such as a therapist or behavioural expert.
Why is it important that the therapist works closely with the individual (typically a criminal)?
So they can identify the main issues with their behaviour so that they can work on them together. The idea is to build a rapport with the criminal so that they feel more free to open up about their thoughts and behavioural patterns etc.
What is the first stage of CBT?
Cognitive preparation - Working with a trained therapist, the offender reflects on what potential triggers there may be as to a reason for their criminal behaviour. They look at potential triggers in the past which has lead to criminal behaviour and how they could have reacted differently.
How are anger diaries and thought diaries used?
They are given to the offender to fill out over a course of a couple of weeks. The aim of this is to start getting the offender to think about their thought patterns in relation to their behaviour and start to look at potential alternative ways to deal with that behaviour and thought patterns instead of resulting to aggression etc increasing recidivism rates.
What is stage 2 of CBT?
Skill acquisition - Offenders are taught a range of behavioural techniques to help them cope more effectively with anger provoking situations.
What skills are taught in stage 2?
Simple techniques such as counting to ten to control their reaction to stressful events.
What does self-talk promote?
It promotes calmness rather than aggression and is more likely to become an automatic response if the offender practices this often. This deceases recidivism.
What is stage 3 of CBT?
Application and practice - The therapist devises situations in which the offender is able to demonstrate what they have learnt in a scenario that is fake. This is done in a highly controlled environment. One way this is achieved is my creating a scenario that has once provoked the offender to react in a way that is wrong, getting them to react in a newly self-talked way which is not aggressive.
An example of a CBT programme?
CALM
How long does CALM last for?
Around 10 weeks
Who does CALM focus on most?
Men, and used to monitor and understand their emotions in order to prevent recidivism rates - 95% of the prison population is males.
Details about CALM?
They are highly structured and standardised and designed to be delivered in groups. There are 24 group sessions and the programme has a script so it is standardised. Patients have a workbook to work through and it is written in fairly basic English with low reading ability to take into account males with poor education.
Strength
What did Jane Ireland conclude?
Investigated Anger management within an institutional setting. One group received CBT and the second group received no treatment until later, acting as a waiting list group. Treatment was given up to 12 sessions and there was 3 measures of progress. These were and interview, a questionnaire and a behavioural checklist completed by prison staff. Nearly all the treatment group showed improvement (92%) on one measure and nearly half (42%) showed improvement on the questionnaire and the behaviour checklist. The control group failed to show improvement on any of the 3 measures.
