CBT for depression

Question 1

What is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)?

Answer 1

A well-established psychological treatment for depression that identifies and changes negative patterns of thought and behaviour to improve mood and prevent future episodes.

Question 2

What is the global impact of depression according to WHO?

Answer 2

Depression is the second most disabling condition worldwide and affects approximately 5% of adults globally.

Question 3

How much more likely are women to experience depression compared to men?

Answer 3

Women are 50% more likely than men to experience depression.

Question 4

What percentage of adults have severe symptoms of depression requiring treatment?

Answer 4

Around 12-15% of adults have severe symptoms that require treatment.

Question 5

What are the diagnostic criteria for depression according to DSM-V?

Answer 5

At least five symptoms over a 2-week period, including either a depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure, such as:
* Persistent sadness or low mood
* Loss of interest or pleasure in activities
* Changes in appetite or weight
* Trouble sleeping or oversleeping
* Fatigue or loss of energy
* Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
* Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
* Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.

Question 6

What is the Cognitive Triad in Beck’s model of depression?

Answer 6

A negative view of:
* Self: ‘I am worthless.’
* World: ‘Nobody cares about me.’
* Future: ‘Things will never get better.’

Question 7

What triggers the development of depression according to Beck’s model?

Answer 7

Early negative experiences lead to core beliefs that are triggered by life events.

Question 8

What is the Maintenance Cycle in depression?

Answer 8

The hot Cross bun situation thoughts eg. Negative cosmetics like nobody wants me or I’m ugly, behaviours, feelings, emotions physical

Negative thoughts worsen depression and unhelpful behaviours reinforce those negative thoughts.

Question 9

What are some emotional symptoms of depression?

Answer 9

Persistent sadness, anxiety, or guilt.

Question 10

What is Behavioural Activation (BA) in CBT?

Answer 10

A technique that helps people re-engage with positive activities to improve mood.

Question 11

What does Activity Monitoring involve?

Answer 11

Keeping a daily record of activities and mood.

Question 12

What is the purpose of the Downward Arrow Technique?

Answer 12

To explore the deeper meaning behind thoughts.

Question 13

What is Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)?

Answer 13

An approach that combines mindfulness with CBT to prevent relapse by focusing on the present.

Question 14

True or False: CBT is less effective when combined with medication.

Answer 14

False. CBT is highly effective for treating depression, both on its own and when combined with medication.

Question 15

What is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)?

Answer 15

An approach that encourages accepting thoughts without judgment and focusing on personal values.

Question 16

What are some physical symptoms of depression?

Answer 16

Fatigue, changes in appetite, or sleep disturbances.

Question 17

What is the definition of negative automatic thoughts (NATs)?

Answer 17

Negative thoughts that occur spontaneously and can lead to emotional distress.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: A person afraid of rejection practices small conversations with strangers to challenge their belief that ‘_______’.

Answer 18

‘everyone dislikes me.’

Question 19

What is Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT)?

Answer 19

An approach that builds self-compassion to counteract harsh self-criticism.

Question 20

What is the role of online CBT compared to face-to-face sessions?

Answer 20

Online CBT is convenient but has higher dropout rates compared to face-to-face sessions.

Question 21

What percentage of adults are affected by depression globally?

Answer 21

Approximately 5%.

Question 22

What are layers of cognition in depression?

Answer 22

Core beliefs, rules for assumptions negative automatic thoughts

I’m unlovable - if I’m perfect, everyone will like me - they didn’t text me, I must’ve made a mistake

Question 23

What are the five categories of symptoms in depression?

Answer 23

1. Emotional.
2. Cognitive.
3. Behavioural.
4. Somatic.
5. Motivational.

Question 24

What are other techniques for challenging depression thoughts?

Answer 24

1 Challenging negative automatic thoughts by asking what is the evidence for this fort and is there another way to look at the situation?

2. Conducting behavioural experiments by testing underlying assumptions through actions.
3. Challenging beliefs by changing things like I’m unlovable too I am a person who doesn’t deserves love.
4. Downward arrow technique spoke exploring what is the worst that can happen and what is so bad about that. And what is so bad about that to get to the core belief?