CBC and anemia Flashcards
Female Hgb
12-14 g/dL
male hgb
14-16 g/dL
female Hct %
36-43
male Hct %
42-48%
Hgb g to %
10 g = 30%
12 g = 36%
15g = 45%
MCV microcytic
small cell, MCV < 80 fL
MCV macrocytic
abnormally large cell, MCV > 100 fL
Normocytic:
normal cell, MCV 80-100 fL
MCH ~
MCHC ~
Mean Cell Hemoglobin
Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration
Vitamin B12~Pernicious Anemia ~ Folate-Deficiency
macrocytic, normochromic w/high MCV
Abnormally large RBC d/t altered RNA:DNA ratio, hgb usually normal; new RBC larger than old ones elevated RDW Usu. Hgb, hct, rbc – all slightly low; mcv usu elevated, rdw – elevated
Hypochromic:
pale, MCHC=<31 g/dL
What is the rdw?
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width
Index of variation in RBC size
Normal = 11.5%-15%
RDW >15%,
indicating that new cells differ in size (smaller or larger) compared with older cells
This is one of the earliest laboratory indicators of an evolving microcytic or macrocytic anemia
what are steps for diagnosing anemia
Review current laboratory results looking at Hgb/Hct first
- IF there is an abnormal level, HOW abnormal is it?
- NEXT, review trends over time . . .
- THEN, look at the MCV .
what are steps for diagnosing anemia
Review current laboratory results looking at Hgb/Hct first
- IF there is an abnormal level, HOW abnormal is it?
- NEXT, review trends over time . . .
- THEN, look at the MCV .
Low values of MCV indicate the cells are microcytic (small cells) and are often evident with conditions such as ?
iron deficiency, lead poisoning and the thalassemia’s
MCV High values greater than 100 fL indicate macrocytic cells (large cells), and are found with such conditions as?
megaloblastic anemia, folate or Vitamin B12 deficiency, liver disease, post-splenectomy, chemotherapy or hypothyroidism.
- normocytic, normochromic w/normal MCV
- microcytic, hypochromic w/low MCV, high RDW
- microcytic, hypochromic w/low MCV, normal RDW
- macrocytic, normochromic high MCV but not pernicious anemia
- hgb=10.1, hct=32%, MCV=82 most common etiology is acute blood loss or anemia of chronic disease (RDW, MCV - WNL) (usually low RBC)
- Hgb=10.3, hct=30%, MCV=70 most common etiology is Iron-deficiency anemia (and increased RDW d/t # small, new cells w/old ones); low RBC.
- Hgb=11.6, hct=36.7, MCV=69, RDW –normal (11.5-15%) most common etiology thalassemia
- Hgb=10.2, hct=32, MCV=120, RDW=18% (high). most common etiology is vitamin B12, pernicious anemia, folate-deficiency anemia; and if high MCV w/out anemia – drugs/etoh
- normocytic, normochromic w/normal MCV
- microcytic, hypochromic w/low MCV, high RDW
- microcytic, hypochromic w/low MCV, normal RDW
- macrocytic, normochromic high MCV but not pernicious anemia
- hgb=10.1, hct=32%, MCV=82 most common etiology is acute blood loss or anemia of chronic disease (RDW, MCV - WNL) (usually low RBC)
- Hgb=10.3, hct=30%, MCV=70 most common etiology is Iron-deficiency anemia (and increased RDW d/t # small, new cells w/old ones); low RBC.
- Hgb=11.6, hct=36.7, MCV=69, RDW –normal (11.5-15%) most common etiology thalassemia
- Hgb=10.2, hct=32, MCV=120, RDW=18% (high). most common etiology is vitamin B12, pernicious anemia, folate-deficiency anemia; and if high MCV w/out anemia – drugs/etoh
What is stocking and Glove neuropathy?
Symptoms
Stocking and glove neuropathy presents as the sensation of tightness, pins and needles, or tingling in the areas where an individual would wear a pair of gloves or stockings. Some patients suffer pain in addition to the stocking and glove sensation. The condition usually begins as loss of feeling and a tingling sensation and gradually worsens if left untreated.
What causes stocking and glove neuropathy
Causes
The most common causes of stocking and glove neuropathy include type 1 and type 2 diabetes, AIDS, alcohol abuse, use of certain drugs, old age, and exposure to environmental toxins. Less common causes include trauma and genetic disposition. In approximately one-third of the cases of stocking and glove neuropathy, no evidence of a specific cause exists.
