CBC and anemia

Question 1

Female Hgb

Answer 1

12-14 g/dL

Question 2

male hgb

Answer 2

14-16 g/dL

Question 3

female Hct %

Answer 3

36-43

Question 4

male Hct %

Answer 4

42-48%

Question 5

Hgb g to %

Answer 5

10 g = 30%
12 g = 36%
15g = 45%

Question 6

MCV microcytic

Answer 6

small cell, MCV < 80 fL

Question 7

MCV macrocytic

Answer 7

abnormally large cell, MCV > 100 fL

Question 8

Normocytic:

Answer 8

normal cell, MCV 80-100 fL

Question 9

MCH ~

MCHC ~

Answer 9

Mean Cell Hemoglobin

Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration

Question 10

Vitamin B12~Pernicious Anemia ~ Folate-Deficiency

Answer 10

macrocytic, normochromic w/high MCV

Abnormally large RBC d/t altered RNA:DNA ratio, hgb usually normal; new RBC larger than old ones  elevated RDW Usu. Hgb, hct, rbc – all slightly low; mcv usu elevated, rdw – elevated

Question 11

Hypochromic:

Answer 11

pale, MCHC=<31 g/dL

Question 12

What is the rdw?

Answer 12

Red Blood Cell Distribution Width
Index of variation in RBC size
Normal = 11.5%-15%

Question 13

RDW >15%,

Answer 13

indicating that new cells differ in size (smaller or larger) compared with older cells

This is one of the earliest laboratory indicators of an evolving microcytic or macrocytic anemia

Question 14

what are steps for diagnosing anemia

Answer 14

Review current laboratory results looking at Hgb/Hct first

2. IF there is an abnormal level, HOW abnormal is it?
3. NEXT, review trends over time . . .
4. THEN, look at the MCV .

Question 15

what are steps for diagnosing anemia

Answer 15

Review current laboratory results looking at Hgb/Hct first

2. IF there is an abnormal level, HOW abnormal is it?
3. NEXT, review trends over time . . .
4. THEN, look at the MCV .

Question 16

Low values of MCV indicate the cells are microcytic (small cells) and are often evident with conditions such as ?

Answer 16

iron deficiency, lead poisoning and the thalassemia’s

Question 17

MCV High values greater than 100 fL indicate macrocytic cells (large cells), and are found with such conditions as?

Answer 17

megaloblastic anemia, folate or Vitamin B12 deficiency, liver disease, post-splenectomy, chemotherapy or hypothyroidism.

Question 18

1. normocytic, normochromic w/normal MCV
2. microcytic, hypochromic w/low MCV, high RDW
3. microcytic, hypochromic w/low MCV, normal RDW
4. macrocytic, normochromic high MCV but not pernicious anemia

Answer 18

1. hgb=10.1, hct=32%, MCV=82  most common etiology is acute blood loss or anemia of chronic disease (RDW, MCV - WNL) (usually low RBC)
2. Hgb=10.3, hct=30%, MCV=70  most common etiology is Iron-deficiency anemia (and increased RDW d/t # small, new cells w/old ones); low RBC.
3. Hgb=11.6, hct=36.7, MCV=69, RDW –normal (11.5-15%)  most common etiology thalassemia
4. Hgb=10.2, hct=32, MCV=120, RDW=18% (high).  most common etiology is vitamin B12, pernicious anemia, folate-deficiency anemia; and if high MCV w/out anemia – drugs/etoh

Question 19

1. normocytic, normochromic w/normal MCV
2. microcytic, hypochromic w/low MCV, high RDW
3. microcytic, hypochromic w/low MCV, normal RDW
4. macrocytic, normochromic high MCV but not pernicious anemia

Answer 19

1. hgb=10.1, hct=32%, MCV=82  most common etiology is acute blood loss or anemia of chronic disease (RDW, MCV - WNL) (usually low RBC)
2. Hgb=10.3, hct=30%, MCV=70  most common etiology is Iron-deficiency anemia (and increased RDW d/t # small, new cells w/old ones); low RBC.
3. Hgb=11.6, hct=36.7, MCV=69, RDW –normal (11.5-15%)  most common etiology thalassemia
4. Hgb=10.2, hct=32, MCV=120, RDW=18% (high).  most common etiology is vitamin B12, pernicious anemia, folate-deficiency anemia; and if high MCV w/out anemia – drugs/etoh

Question 20

What is stocking and Glove neuropathy?

Answer 20

Symptoms
Stocking and glove neuropathy presents as the sensation of tightness, pins and needles, or tingling in the areas where an individual would wear a pair of gloves or stockings. Some patients suffer pain in addition to the stocking and glove sensation. The condition usually begins as loss of feeling and a tingling sensation and gradually worsens if left untreated.

Question 21

What causes stocking and glove neuropathy

Answer 21

Causes
The most common causes of stocking and glove neuropathy include type 1 and type 2 diabetes, AIDS, alcohol abuse, use of certain drugs, old age, and exposure to environmental toxins. Less common causes include trauma and genetic disposition. In approximately one-third of the cases of stocking and glove neuropathy, no evidence of a specific cause exists.