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Q3 Clin Lab Test 2 (CBC, Drugs, DM, Fluids, Card Enz) > CBC > Flashcards

CBC Flashcards

1
Q

WBC abnormalities tell us?

A

Infection
Inflammation
Malignancy
Drug rxn

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2
Q

Hgb/Hct abnormalities tell us?

A

Anemia

Polycythemic (bone marrow dz)

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3
Q

Platelet abnormalities tell us?

A

Bleeding disorders

Hypercoag states

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4
Q

WBC Count components?

A

1) Count = total WBC (leukocytes)

2) Differential = % of ea type of leuko

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5
Q

WBC Differential compenents?

A

Neutrophils (fight acute bact) 70%

Lymphocytes (fight acute viral, chronic bact) 20%

Monocytes (chronic inflamm, viral inf)

Eosinophils (fight parasites, allergy)

Basophils (allergies, parasites)

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6
Q

Granulocytes are?

A

WBCs w/ granules and multilobed nuclei

“phils”

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7
Q

Nongranulocytes are?

A

WBCs w/o granules

“ocytes”

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8
Q

Philia or Cytosis vs Penia?

A

Philia or Cytosis is higher than normal cell count

Penia is lower than normal cell count

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9
Q

Leukocytosis is sign of?

A

Bacterial infection
Inflamm
Malig

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10
Q

Leukopenia is sign of?

A 
Viral infection
Overwhelming bacterial infect
Bone marrow fail
Drug toxicity
Autoimm
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11
Q

Left Shift is?

Caused by?

A

elevated WBCs from ↑ neutrophils and bands (baby neutros)

(P) see ↓ in lymphocytes

acute bacterial infection

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12
Q

Leukemoid Response is?

A

development of early neutophils in response to infection

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13
Q

Neutrophilia is sign of?

A 
Bacteria infect
Leukemia
Chronic Inflamm
Meds (steroids)
Stress
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14
Q

Neutropenia is sign of?

A

Viral infect
Aplastic Anemia
Overwhelm bact inf
Meds (chemo, sulfa, antithyroid)

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15
Q

Lymphocytosis is sign of?

A

Viral infect

Lymphocytic leukemia

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16
Q

Lymphocytopenia is sign of?

A

Corticosteroids

Immuno

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17
Q

Eosinophilia is sign of?

A 
NAACCP
Neoplasm
Allergic rxn
Addision's (adrenal)
Collagen vascular dz (lupus)
Coccidiomycosis (valley fever)
Parasites
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18
Q

Eosinopenia is sign of?

A

Corticosteroids

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19
Q

Eosinophils and basophils do not respond to what things?

A

bacterial or viral infections

20
Q

Monocytosis is sign of?

A

Chronic inflamm

Viral infect

21
Q

Monocytopenia is sign of?

A

corticosteroids

22
Q

Increasing WBC counts may indicate?

A

worsening infections

23
Q

Decreasing WBC counts may indicate?

A

resolving infections

24
Q

If WBC count is abn but clinical is benign, next step?

A

check medications for cause

25
Q

What things can influcence WBC count/diff other than bugs?

A

splenectomy
smoking
vaccines
pregnancy/recent delivery

26
Q

Signs of sepsis?

A

hypoTN, tachy, hypothermia, shock

27
Q

Hct measures?

A

% of total blood vol made of RBCs

28
Q

Polycythemia is?

A

high % of RBCs in total blood vol (opposite of anemia)

29
Q

Causes of polycythemia?

A

Dehydration (↑ plasma vol)
Polycythemia vera (bone marrow disorder)
2° (↑ erythrop prdxn from hypoxemia - COPD, altitude)

30
Q

Causes of ↓ RBCs production?

A 
B12/folate/iron deficiencies
bone marrow failure
renal failure (↓ erythropoietin)
31
Q

MCV measures?

A

RBC size (cytics)

32
Q

MCH measures?

A

weight of Hgb in RBCs

33
Q

MCHC measures?

A

Hgb concentration (chromics)

34
Q

RDW measures?

A

variation in RBC size

35
Q

Microcytic anmeia caused by?

A

1) Iron deficiency (micro/hypo -> ↓ MCHC)
(U) 2° to blood loss or inability of absorb Fe

2) Lead poisoning
3) Thalassemia (↓ MCV)

36
Q

Macrocytic anemia caused by?

A

B12/folate deficiency (↑ MCV)

37
Q

Normocytic anemia caused by?

A

ACD (normal MCV)
renal fail
acute blood loss

38
Q

Polycythemia vera is?

Characteristics on CBC?

A

bone marrow disorder:
overprdxn of erythroid cells

↑ Hbg/Hct
↑ RBC mass

39
Q

Polycythemia vera presentation?

A

HA, dizzy, blurred vision,
Fatigue, pruritis

Engorged retinal veins
Thrombosis
Splenomegaly

40
Q

Polycythemia vera tx?

A

phlebotomy

41
Q

Thrombocytosis is?

Sign of?

A

↑ platelets

Malig
Contraceptives

42
Q

Thrombocytopenia is?

A

↓ platelets

43
Q

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is?

Body response how?

A

Antibodies againsts own platelets

Massive phago of immune complexes in spleen

44
Q

ITP signs/sxs?

Labs findings?

A

petechiae, purpura, epistaxis, heavy flow

↓↓ platelets
other counts and smear are normal

45
Q

ITP tx?

A

Self-limit in kids

Steroids in adults

Q3 Clin Lab Test 2 (CBC, Drugs, DM, Fluids, Card Enz) (5 decks)

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