CBC

Question 1

WBC abnormalities tell us?

Answer 1

Infection
Inflammation
Malignancy
Drug rxn

Question 2

Hgb/Hct abnormalities tell us?

Answer 2

Anemia

Polycythemic (bone marrow dz)

Question 3

Platelet abnormalities tell us?

Answer 3

Bleeding disorders

Hypercoag states

Question 4

WBC Count components?

Answer 4

1) Count = total WBC (leukocytes)

2) Differential = % of ea type of leuko

Question 5

WBC Differential compenents?

Answer 5

Neutrophils (fight acute bact) 70%

Lymphocytes (fight acute viral, chronic bact) 20%

Monocytes (chronic inflamm, viral inf)

Eosinophils (fight parasites, allergy)

Basophils (allergies, parasites)

Question 6

Granulocytes are?

Answer 6

WBCs w/ granules and multilobed nuclei

“phils”

Question 7

Nongranulocytes are?

Answer 7

WBCs w/o granules

“ocytes”

Question 8

Philia or Cytosis vs Penia?

Answer 8

Philia or Cytosis is higher than normal cell count

Penia is lower than normal cell count

Question 9

Leukocytosis is sign of?

Answer 9

Bacterial infection
Inflamm
Malig

Question 10

Leukopenia is sign of?

Answer 10

Viral infection
Overwhelming bacterial infect
Bone marrow fail
Drug toxicity
Autoimm

Question 11

Left Shift is?

Caused by?

Answer 11

elevated WBCs from ↑ neutrophils and bands (baby neutros)

(P) see ↓ in lymphocytes

acute bacterial infection

Question 12

Leukemoid Response is?

Answer 12

development of early neutophils in response to infection

Question 13

Neutrophilia is sign of?

Answer 13

Bacteria infect
Leukemia
Chronic Inflamm
Meds (steroids)
Stress

Question 14

Neutropenia is sign of?

Answer 14

Viral infect
Aplastic Anemia
Overwhelm bact inf
Meds (chemo, sulfa, antithyroid)

Question 15

Lymphocytosis is sign of?

Answer 15

Viral infect

Lymphocytic leukemia

Question 16

Lymphocytopenia is sign of?

Answer 16

Corticosteroids

Immuno

Question 17

Eosinophilia is sign of?

Answer 17

NAACCP
Neoplasm
Allergic rxn
Addision's (adrenal)
Collagen vascular dz (lupus)
Coccidiomycosis (valley fever)
Parasites

Question 18

Eosinopenia is sign of?

Answer 18

Corticosteroids

Question 19

Eosinophils and basophils do not respond to what things?

Answer 19

bacterial or viral infections

Question 20

Monocytosis is sign of?

Answer 20

Chronic inflamm

Viral infect

Question 21

Monocytopenia is sign of?

Answer 21

corticosteroids

Question 22

Increasing WBC counts may indicate?

Answer 22

worsening infections

Question 23

Decreasing WBC counts may indicate?

Answer 23

resolving infections

Question 24

If WBC count is abn but clinical is benign, next step?

Answer 24

check medications for cause

Question 25

What things can influcence WBC count/diff other than bugs?

Answer 25

splenectomy smoking vaccines pregnancy/recent delivery

Question 26

Signs of sepsis?

Answer 26

hypoTN, tachy, hypothermia, shock

Question 27

Hct measures?

Answer 27

% of total blood vol made of RBCs

Question 28

Polycythemia is?

Answer 28

high % of RBCs in total blood vol (opposite of anemia)

Question 29

Causes of polycythemia?

Answer 29

Dehydration (↑ plasma vol) Polycythemia vera (bone marrow disorder) 2° (↑ erythrop prdxn from hypoxemia - COPD, altitude)

Question 30

Causes of ↓ RBCs production?

Answer 30

``` B12/folate/iron deficiencies bone marrow failure renal failure (↓ erythropoietin) ```

Question 31

MCV measures?

Answer 31

RBC size (cytics)

Question 32

MCH measures?

Answer 32

weight of Hgb in RBCs

Question 33

MCHC measures?

Answer 33

Hgb concentration (chromics)

Question 34

RDW measures?

Answer 34

variation in RBC size

Question 35

Microcytic anmeia caused by?

Answer 35

1) Iron deficiency (micro/hypo -> ↓ MCHC) (U) 2° to blood loss or inability of absorb Fe 2) Lead poisoning 3) Thalassemia (↓ MCV)

Question 36

Macrocytic anemia caused by?

Answer 36

B12/folate deficiency (↑ MCV)

Question 37

Normocytic anemia caused by?

Answer 37

ACD (normal MCV) renal fail acute blood loss

Question 38

Polycythemia vera is? Characteristics on CBC?

Answer 38

bone marrow disorder: overprdxn of erythroid cells ↑ Hbg/Hct ↑ RBC mass

Question 39

Polycythemia vera presentation?

Answer 39

HA, dizzy, blurred vision, Fatigue, pruritis Engorged retinal veins Thrombosis Splenomegaly

Question 40

Polycythemia vera tx?

Answer 40

phlebotomy

Question 41

Thrombocytosis is? Sign of?

Answer 41

↑ platelets Malig Contraceptives

Question 42

Thrombocytopenia is?

Answer 42

↓ platelets

Question 43

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is? Body response how?

Answer 43

Antibodies againsts own platelets Massive phago of immune complexes in spleen

Question 44

ITP signs/sxs? Labs findings?

Answer 44

petechiae, purpura, epistaxis, heavy flow ↓↓ platelets other counts and smear are normal

Question 45

ITP tx?

Answer 45

Self-limit in kids | Steroids in adults