CB4 Higher Flashcards
Evolution definition
The process by which different kinds of living organisms are believed to have developed from earlier forms during the history of Earth.
How where stone tools used?
- Scrapping skin/fur off
- Fighting
- Cutting meat/wood
- Defending themselves
Natural selection definition?
the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
What can we classify an organism by?
- DNA
- Appearance
- Diploid or Haploid cells
- Diet
- Herbivore or Carnivore
- Lays eggs or live off-spring
What are the five kingdoms?
Animal, Plant, Fungi, Protist and Prokaryotes
What are the three domains?
Bacteria, Eukarya and Archaea
Artificial selection definition?
When humans choose certain organisms because they have useful characteristics
E.g. sheep with thick wool
Why might you selectively breed?
For:
- Flavour
- Fast growth
- Disease resistance
- Coping with environmental conditions
What does GMO stand for?
Genetically modified organism
Selective breeding definition
Is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular traits.
Genetic engineering definition
The deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material
An advantage of selective breeding?
- It can create new varieties of animal or crops
- It helps estimate diseases
- It can produce fitter and stronger animals
A disadvantage of selective breeding?
- It can lead to less of species variety
An advantage of genetic engineering?
- It allows for a faster growth rate
- It can create an extended life
- Specific traits can be developed
- New products can be created
Genetic modification definition
Is the direct manipulation of an organisms genes
