CB3 Genetics Flashcards
Meiosis
Form of cell division, which produces 4 non-identical haploid cells (gametes)
How many chromosomes are in a human body haploid cell?
23
How many chromosomes are in a human body diploid cell?
46 (there are 23 pairs)
Which human body cells are haploid?
Gametes - the egg cell and the sperm cell
What are the gametes in plants?
The pollen and the egg cells
Gamete
Sex cell - are haploid
Where does Meiosis take place?
The reproductive organs
Describe Meiosis in 4 simple steps
- Copies of the chromosome/genetic information are made
- The pairs of chromosome are pulled apart
- The cell divides twice (into 4)
- Four new daughter cells are formed (haploid cells)
What do Chromosomes contain?
Genetic information
How are chromosomes usually found in body cells?
In pairs
What type of cell division forms gametes?
Meiosis
What type of cell division turns the zygote into a ball of cells?
Mitosis
How many chromosomes are there in a normal human body cell?
46
How many chromosomes are there in a human egg cell?
23
How many chromosomes are there in a red blood cell?
0 - red blood cells have no nucleus
Which type of cell division is used for growth, replacement, and repair?
Mitosis
Which type of cell division is used in asexual reproduction?
Mitosis
In which type of cell division do the daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes that the parent cell does?
Meiosis
Why is meiosis important?
It allows reproduction, as meiosis produces gametes.
DNA
The chemical from which chromosomes are made
Cell
The basic building block of a living organism
Nucleus
Contains the genetic information of a cell
Gene
A small section of DNA which codes for a protein (characteristic)
