CB1c Specialised Cells Flashcards
Characteristics of a bacterial cell (7 things)
Has cell membrane Does not have a nucleus Single loop of Chromosomal DNA lies in the cytoplasm Can have flagellum Has cell wall for protection Can have Plasmid DNA Ribosomes
What does Chromosomal DNA carry?
Carries Bacterial Genes, can only be found in prokaryotic cells
How does a cell wall in a bacteria differ from a cell wall in a plant cell?
It is made of different substances to a plant cell
Describe the function of Plasmid DNA
Extra circles of DNA, extra genes not found in chromosomes
Name the human gametes
Egg cell
Sperm cell
Describe human reproduction
When two gametes fuse together to create a cell that develops into an embryo
How many sets of chromosomes are usually found in an human cell?
2 sets, 46 chromosomes
How many sets of chromosome are found in gametes?
1 set, 23 chromosomes
Specialised cells are adapted to their function, true or false?
True
Characteristics of a sperm cell
Tip of head contains acrosome Has a tail Streamlined shape Nucleus Spiral of Mitochondria
Describe the functions of an acrosome
An enzyme which breaks down the substances in the egg’s jelly coat
Describe the function of the tail in a sperm
Waves side to side, allowing the sperm to swim
Explain the reason why the mitochondria is arranged in a spiral in the sperm
It is arranged in a spiral around the top of tail to release lots of energy to power the tail
Where does fertilisation occur?
In the oviducts, cells in the lining of the oviducts transport egg cells towards the uterus.
How are oviducts adapted for fertilisation?
Has hair like cilia to waft along the egg
