Causes Of The Cold War

Question 1

America to blame (revisionist)

Answer 1

• Truman doctrine
• atomic bomb
• Marshall aid
• NATO

Question 2

Soviet Unions to blame (traditionalist)

Answer 2

• Salami tactics
• Berlin blockade
• Red army throughout Eastern Europe
• Comecon/Cominform

Question 3

Both to blame (post revisionist)

Answer 3

• conflicting ideals
• both reacted to each other (misunderstandings)
• East and West Berlin becoming separated

Question 4

Truman doctrine

Answer 4

Policy of containment
Help countries who could fall to communism with troops money and resources
Turkey and Greece both examples of countries helped

Question 5

Marshall plan

Answer 5

Initiated following the Soviet takeover of Czechoslovakia
17 billion dollars pumped into Western Europe
Protected American economy and other countries
Prevent another depression
Stalin saw it as Truman buying Europe’s support

Question 6

Atomic bomb

Answer 6

Created tension before Potsdam
USSR lacked technology felt threatened
USA refused to share technology (lack of trust)

Question 7

Salami tactics

Answer 7

• red army
• abolished Bulgarian monarchy
• Poland had communist government
• secret police
• Led to Comecon and cominform
• satellite states reliant on soviet power
• buffer zone

Question 8

Berlin blockade causes

Answer 8

• felt threatened ( west becoming stronger, could invade as have done twice before)
• East jealous of west standard of living, Stalin wanted to destroy Germany west wanted to repair Germany
• If he claimed Berlin he could claim rest of Germany and spread communism

Question 9

Blockade outcomes

Answer 9

• NATO set up
• Berlin airlift ( propaganda success) planes landing every 90 seconds, 8000 tons of supplies per day by spring 1949
• East escaped to west
• Warsaw Pact to combat NATO

Question 10

Yalta and Potsdam

Answer 10

• treatment of Germany
• post war settlement
• agreed to Russian sphere of influence
• disagreed on reparations
• Germany divisions
• United Nations

Question 11

Why did tensions rise following yalta conference

Answer 11

• change in leadership ( Truman less timid about views) ‘evil empire’
• atomic bomb
• red army throughout Eastern Europe
• Lack of free elections in Poland
• no common enemy

Question 12

Berlin blockade

Answer 12

• went against Potsdam agreements ( freedom of movement)
• threat of war ( would staling shoot down planes)
  West could have forced way through resulting in war too