Causes of the Civil War 5 w's Flashcards
Who, Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe
What, Uncle Tom’s Cabin
A novel that had massive effects on the attitude and view of slavery in the United States. It was one of the best-selling novels of the century behind The Bible.
When, Uncle Tom’s Cabin
1852
Where, Uncle Tom’s Cabin
All over the United States
Why, Uncle Tom’s Cabin
It helped to fuel and grow the abolitionist movement in the north. It also outraged many Southerners who viewed it as propaganda and lies. Some of the main themes of the book were the 1) horrors of slavery and 2) Christianity and the immortality of slavery, especially the separation of families. It had a major influence on the way people viewed Slavery.
Who, Compromise of 1850
Calhoun, Webster, Clay, and Douglas; senators who set up the Compromise of 1850
What, Compromise of 1850
A compromise to make California a free state in the Union (north) the slave trade would be abolished in Washington D.C. (north), and the government would create a stronger law to help capture runaway slaves (south). It caused more use of the Underground Railroad and fined anyone who did not capture a known runaway slave. Also, any more territories received from Mexico would not have slavery abolished in them. (popular sovereignty)
When, Compromise of 1850
1850
Why, Compromise of 1850
It cooled tensions over the slavery issue for a short period of time, kept the Union together, tipped the balance of power in Congress to the North, California was admitted as a free state, and the Fugitive Slave Law was put into place as the new stronger runaway law.
Who, Missouri Compromise of 1820
Senator Henry Clay introduced the bill
What, Missouri Compromise of 1820
A bill that became law after much debate in the United States Congress. The admission of Missouri as a slave state would give the slave states control over the Senate. Whenever new states were admitted to the Union this controversy arose. This crisis was averted when they admitted Maine to the union to balance out the states, it also banned slavery in Louisiana territories north and west of the state of Missouri. This was done by an imaginary line at latitude 36, 30º.
Where, Missouri Compromise of 1820
Washington DC, critical states Missouri, Former Lousiana territory, Maine.
When, Missouri Compromise of 1820
1820
Why, Missouri Compromise of 1820
This act preserved peace between the Slave and free States until it was repealed in Compromise of 1850.
Where, Compromise of 1850
California and in Washington D.C. (Congress)
Who, Kansas-Nebraska Act/Bleeding Kansas
Stephen Douglas, a senator from Illinois
What, Kansas-Nebraska Act/Bleeding Kansas
An act that said that two territories should be divided and that the people living in the territories could make their own decision whether or not slavery should be allowed by popular sovereignty. This act led to major violence as people flooded into the territories. Proslavery and antislavery people in Kansas and Nebraska clashed. This led to the nickname, “Bleeding Kansas”. Neither state became a free or slave state.
When, Kansas-Nebraska Act/Bleeding Kansas
1854
Where, Kansas-Nebraska Act/Bleeding Kansas
Kansas-Nebraska Act: Congress. Bleeding Kansas: Kansas
Why, Kansas-Nebraska Act/Bleeding Kansas
It temporarily avoided a civil war again, with popular sovereignty being used as a factor to decide whether the states would be free or slave states. The slavery issue is becoming worse and more violent. This is igniting the fire of civil war. It effectively repealed both the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the Compromise of 1850. It also gave rise to the Republican Party in the North.
Where, Dred Scott Case
Missouri (where he was originally a slave), Illinois (where he moved with his master), and Washington D.C. (where the Supreme Court case was tried).
Why, Dred Scott Case
The Supreme Court basically said that slavery was legal anywhere. Chief Justice Roget B Taney saw an opportunity to end the slavery question for good. He said that even fee blacks could be returned to slavery for their own good because they were so far inferior to whites. Slaves had no rights under the Constitution because they were property, not citizens. Dred Scott had to be returned to the Sandford family as a slave. This made tensions rise and the split in the country worse and helped to grow the abolitionist movement. Allowed slavery anywhere in the new territories and denied citizenship to free African Americans. This ruling struck down the Missouri Compromise and the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
Who, Dred Scott Case
Dred Scott was a slave for the Sanfords (the family that owned him).
What, Dred Scott Case
Scott sued for his freedom after his owner had him work in an illegal/non-slave territory. When he came back to Missouri where he originally lived, he sued for freedom because if you are in a freed state, you are free. His owner died and in the will, he was supposed to be returned to the family because he was considered property.
