Causes of population change.

Question 1

Causes of population growth.

Answer 1

Health.
Education.
Social provision.
Cultual factors.
Political factors.
Environmental factors.

Question 2

Population indicators.

Answer 2

BR
DR
IMR 
FR
LE
Longevity.
Natural Change.

Question 3

Usefulness of IMR.

Answer 3

High IMR:
•Limited resources for ante- and post-natal care, vaccinations and medical care.
•Access to clean water is limited.
•Are problems with access to enough food.
•Country struggles to cope with natural disasters.
•HIV/AIDS may be widespread.
Advantages:
•Can be used to compare countries.
•Can be used to show the level of development because they suggest what living conditions are likely in the country.
Disadvantages:
•Only consider one measure.
•There will be variation within a country that is not shown in national level data.
•Population density does not indicate development.

Question 4

Fertility rate.

Answer 4

High FR:
•Countries in sub-Saharan Africa have high birth rates because the infant mortality rate is high.
•Tradition plays a role.
•Poor education especially women.
•Religious ideas e.g. Roman Catholic and Islam.
•Economic factors- children seen as economic assets.

Question 5

Mortality rate.

Answer 5

High MR:
•Lack medical infrastructure.
•Poor sanitation and lack clean drinking water as well as sufficient food.
•HIV/AIDS in certain countries.
Causes of death:
•Developed countries: Heart disease, cancer, wars, Transport related accidents and stress and diet related illness.
•Less developed countries: Respiratory diseases, parasitic diseases, wars and natural disasters.