causes of pakistan flooding

Question 1

Physical

Answer 1

• 60 hrs of continuous rainfall which exceeded usual monsoon total by 30%
• La Nina year
• Sukkur vulnerable due to convergence of 5 major eastern tributaries
• At gates of Sukkur barrage, river flow peaked at 32,000 cubic m/s

Question 2

Human

Answer 2

• 80% of trees in Swat valley deforested by Taliban
• Levees in Sind raised the river channel above surrounding plains meaning water could not get back into channel
• Climate change has increased heavy rainfall events.
• Indian ocean increased by 2degrees in last 30 years
• Federal flood commission has received about $900 million but little has been done due to ineffective leadership and corruption