Causes of extremism Flashcards
What is a major political cause of international extremism?
Government repression
Government repression includes oppressive forms of government that make unjust decisions on behalf of citizens.
What political system allows every citizen a voice in decision making?
Democracy
In contrast to dictatorships, democracies typically have open and free elections.
What do citizens in oppressive regimes often resort to in order to bring about political change?
Acts of extremism
This can include violent protests and rebel activities.
What is an example of civil unrest driven by government repression?
The civil war in Syria
Protests against President Assad were violently suppressed, leading to armed conflict.
Fill in the blank: Conspiracy-driven extremism often gains traction during _______.
COVID-19
This includes movements that reject government measures and legitimacy.
What movement in Germany rejected the legitimacy of the modern German state?
Reichsbürger movement
Members of this movement joined forces with anti-vaccine activists during the pandemic.
What ideology drives nationalist extremism?
The view that independence should be sought due to common culture, heritage, and language
Nationalists may feel oppressed or denied rights, leading to extremism.
What is a well-known nationalist extremist group in the UK?
Irish Republican Army (IRA)
The IRA seeks a united Ireland and has been involved in violent activities.
What event inspired similar far-right attacks in Europe?
The 2019 Christchurch mosque attacks
This event influenced subsequent attacks, including the Hanau shooting in Germany.
What is political retaliation?
The action of harming an individual or group because they have harmed you or something you care about
This can lead to extremism in response to perceived injustices.
What motivated the Vienna Shooting in 2020?
Islamist extremism
The shooter had connections to ISIS and had attempted to join the group in Syria.
What has religious radicalization been associated with in recent years?
Extremism
It has become more prominent since events like 9/11.
True or False: Religion itself is the primary cause of extremism.
False
It is important to refer to individuals as religious extremists, not to conflate religion with extremism.
What is peer pressure’s role in extremism?
It encourages individuals to abandon their families and adopt extremist views
Extremist organizations can act like cults, using intimidation and loyalty.
What is radicalization?
The process where a person or group increasingly adopts extreme views
This can stem from social isolation or discrimination.
What are ideological beliefs in the context of extremism?
The use of extremism as a tool to impose political or sociological ideals
This can include movements focused on racism, environmentalism, or animal rights.
What extremist group has been associated with animal rights activism?
Animal Liberation Front (ALF)
ALF has engaged in criminal activities to intimidate scientists against animal testing.
What socioeconomic factor can lead to extremism?
Poverty and deprivation
These conditions can radicalize individuals who feel discontent with their living situations.
What is a consequence of corrupt government in relation to extremism?
High levels of deprivation and lack of opportunities
This can lead to recruitment by extremist organizations.
What conflict is driven by poverty and inequality in Mozambique?
Cabo Delgado Insurgency
This insurgency is linked to groups associated with ISIS.
What has worsened economic conditions in Afghanistan since 2021?
The Taliban’s return to power
This has led to increased recruitment by groups like ISIS-K.
How does embezzlement of state funds affect a country’s welfare state?
It prevents the country from operating a functioning welfare state to support its citizens.
What is a consequence of a weak economy and welfare state in a country?
It can lead to recruitment by militant or extremist organizations.
