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CHITEROICAO > Causes, Consequences and Procedures > Flashcards

Causes, Consequences and Procedures Flashcards

Practice the most common questions

1
Q

What can cause a Tail Strike?

A

A tail strike can be caused by:
- Early Rotation
- Incorrect Cargo Loading
- CG too aft
- Cargo Movement
- Excessive Pitch
- Windshear
- Tailwind
- Mistimed Stabilizer

Watch out for the introduction can BE caused by:

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2
Q

What are the consequences of a Tail Strike?

A

A tail strike can lead to:
* Panic onboard
* APU damages
* Debris on the Runway
* Depressurization
* Structural Damage
* Extra Costs to the Company

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3
Q

What would you do in case of a tail strike during takeoff?

A

The normal procedure is:

First, Analyze the systems and request a position to hold;
After that, Run some Checklists and if necessary, declare an emergency;
Then, Request vectors for landing; and
Finally, Land and analyze the damages

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4
Q

What are the consequences of a Hail Strike?

A

Hail strike could lead to:

  • Engine Flameout
  • Cracked Windshield
  • Weather radar malfunction
  • Damage to the aircraft
  • Unreliable Air Data
  • Destruction of the Radome
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5
Q

What’s the procedure in case of a Hail Strike?

A

The standard procedure is to:

  • Look for possible damages;
  • Request deviation from this area;
  • Declare a MAYDAY or PANPAN;
  • Land in the nearest airport.
  • If possible, Perform a Weather Report
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6
Q

What are the consequences of a Bird Strike?

A

It depends on where the bird hits the airplane, but we can suffer:
* An Engine Failure
* An Engine Fire
* Fuel leak
* A Shattered Windshield
* Pilot Injury
* A Damage to the Fuselage
* Loss of Controls

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7
Q

What are the consequences for a Drone Strike?

A

In case of a drone strike, we can have:
* An Engine Failure
* An Engine Fire
* Fuel leak
* A Shattered Windshield
* Pilot Injury
* Airframe Damage
* Loss of Controls

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8
Q

What’s the procedure in case we get hit by a drone?

A

Generically speaking, we’ll have to:

  • Maintain control of the airplane
  • Check for damages
  • Advise ATC
  • Declare an emergency, if necessary
  • Address the passengers
  • Land as soon as possible
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9
Q

What can cause an Oil Leak?

A

An oil leak can be caused by:

  • Poor Maintenance
  • Oil line Rupture
  • Material Fatigue
  • Oil overheat
  • Overflow
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10
Q

Why is an oil leak dangerous?

A

Oil leak can be dangerous, because it could cause:

  • Engine Failure
  • Engine Overheat
  • Engine Fire
  • Aircraft Grounding
  • Extra Costs
  • Ground Delay
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11
Q

What can cause a Fuel Leak?

A

A fuel leak can be caused by:

  • Poor Maintenance
  • Material Fatigue
  • Debris ingestion
  • Fuel line Rupture
  • Structural Stress
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12
Q

What are the possible consequences of a Fuel Leak?

A

A fuel leak can lead to:

  • Fuel Starvation;
  • Engine Flameout;
  • Loss of Hydraulics;
  • Forced landing;
  • Loss of controls; or even
  • a Crash
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13
Q

What’s the procedure for a Fuel Leak?

A

In case of a fuel leak during flight, we need to:

  • Check the fuel flow and tank indications
  • Isolate the affected tank
  • Declare an Emergency
  • Request Vectors
  • Advise the passengers
  • Perform an Emergency Landing
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14
Q

Which factors can lead to a Power Loss / Electrical Failure?

A

This problem can be caused by:

  • Generator Failure
  • Material Fatigue
  • Bad Maintenance
  • Airframe damage
  • Short Circuit
  • Old Batteries
  • Lightning Strike
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15
Q

What are the consequences in case of a Power Loss / Electrical Failure?

A

An Electrical system failure can cause:

  • Flight screen blackout;
  • Radio malfunction;
  • Faulty indications;
  • Higher Workload;
  • Loss of Lights.
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16
Q

What’s the procedure for a Power Loss / Electrical Failure?

A

Well, we need to basically:

  • Reduce the electrical workload;
  • Deploy the RAT, if available;
  • Continue to the closest suitable airport;
  • Maintain Blind Transmission;
  • After landing, communicate what happened to ATC
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17
Q

What can cause of Fuel Starvation / Low Fuel?

A

Low fuel can be caused by:

  • Fuel Leak;
  • Poor Maintenance;
  • Material Fatigue;
  • Bad Flight Planning;
  • Higher Fuel Consumption;
  • Mishandling;
  • Headwind; and sometimes
  • Excessive Holdings.
18
Q

What are the consequences of Fuel Starvation / Low Fuel?

A

This problem can cause:

  • Engine Flameout;
  • Loss of Electrical Power;
  • Emergency Landing;
  • Higher Stress for the Crew;
  • Injuries;
  • Damage to the aircraft.
19
Q

What’s the procedure for Fuel Starvation / Low Fuel?

A

In this event of fuel starvation we’ll need to:

  • Try to restart the engines;
  • Run the QRH;
  • Declare an Emergency;
  • Request Vectors and land ASAP;
  • Perform an Emergency Landing or Ditch;
  • After the fact, assist the investigators.
20
Q

What can cause an Engine Fire?

A

An engine fire can be caused by

  • Bird or Drone Ingestion;
  • Fuel Leak;
  • Oil Leak;
  • Spark plug Malfunction;
  • Poor Maintenance.
21
Q

What are the consequences of an Engine Fire?

A

An engine fire could result in:

  • The loss of the Engine;
  • Structural damage;
  • A Panic Onboard;
  • Injuries;
  • A Wing damage;
  • A Possible Explosion.
22
Q

What would you do if you suffered and engine fire during the flight?

A

If I had an engine fire, I would:

  • First, Identify the affected engine;
  • Then, Cut all Fuel lines to the engine;
  • After that, deploy the Fire Extinguishers;
  • Finally, Declare an Emergency and Request Vectors for the nearest suitable airport with Fire Services upon landing
23
Q

What can cause a fire onboard?

A

Many things can lead to a fire onboard, including:

  • Short Circuit;
  • Faulty Wiring;
  • Overheated Equipment;
  • Dangerous Goods;
  • Battery explosion; or even,
  • Someone smoking.
24
Q

What are the consequences of a fire onboard?

A

A fire onboard can cause:

  • Structural damage;
  • Reduced Visibility;
  • Breathing Difficulty;
  • Injuries;
  • Loss of controls;
  • Evacuation;
25
Q

What’s the procedure for a fire onboard?

A

The procedure for a fire onboard is to:

  • First, Put on the Oxygen Masks;
  • After that, Try to extinguish the Fire, if possible;
  • Then, Declare an Emergency;
  • Finally, Request Vectors for the nearest suitable; airport with Fire and medical Services on standby;
  • After landing, evacuate as soon as possible.
26
Q

What can cause smoke onboard?

A

Smoke Onboard can be caused by:

  • Electrical Fire;
  • Equipment Overheat;
  • A/C Failure;
  • Hydraulic Fluid leakage;
  • Engine malfunction;
  • Hazardous Cargo;
  • Problem in the entertainment screens.
27
Q

What are the consequences of smoke onboard?

A

It could lead to:

  • Health problems;
  • Reduced Visibility;
  • Panic onboard;
  • Breathing Difficulty;
  • Injuries;
  • High workload.
28
Q

What would you do in case of smoke onboard during the flight?

A

I would start this procedure by:

  • First, Putting on your Masks;
  • After that, Trying to find the source of the smoke;
  • Then, Declaring an emergency;
  • Finally, Requesting Vectors for the nearest suitable airport with Request Fire Services upon landing.

Straight after landing, I would evacuate as soon as possible

29
Q

What are the possible consequences of ice accretion?

Ice accretion = Ice buildup = Ice formation

A

Ice buildup can be very dangerous, since it can:

  • Affect the aerodynamic surfaces;
  • Reduce the maneuverability;
  • Increase drag;
  • Reduce lift;
  • Increase the fuel consumption;
    or even
  • Lead to loss of controls.
30
Q

What’s the procedure in case pilots have Ice Formation?

A

The procedure is to:

First, Descend to a lower altitude;
After that, Engage Anti Ice systems;
Then, Perform a Weather Report;
Finally, Divert to the nearest suitable airport, if needed.

31
Q

What are the consequences of a Lightning Strike?

A

A lightning strike could lead to:

  • Electrical Overload;
  • Loss of Equipments;
  • Potential Equipment Malfunction;
  • Reduced Situational Awareness;
  • Poor decision-making.
32
Q

What would you do if you had suffered Lightning Strike druign the flight?

A

It depends on what happens to the aircraft , but I believe I would:

  • First, Analyze the systems;
  • After that, Check for failures/malfunctions; and

If no damage is seen: Continue the Flightl;
However, if there’s damage: Divert

  • Finally, I wouldInspect the Aircraft and Systems once landed
33
Q

For which reasons would you reject a takeoff?

A

I would reject the takeoff for many reasons, including:

  • Debris on the Runway;
  • Engine Surge;
  • Engine Failure;
  • Instructions from ATC;
  • System Failure;
  • Runway Incursion;
  • Windshear Warning;
  • Master Warning.
34
Q

What’s the procedure to reject a takeoff?

A

It depends on the airplane, but pilots need to:

  • First, reduce power to idle.
  • After that, apply Full Reverse/Spoilers/Brakes
  • Then, control the aircraft over the runway and bring it into a complete stop.
  • Finally, inform ATC about the problem, run checklists, vacate the Runway and address the passenger Passengers
35
Q

For which reasons would you go around?

A

I can normally go around if I understand that my approach is unsafe, some causes could be:

  • Unstabilized Approach;
  • Windshear warning;
  • Incorrect Configuration;
  • Poor Visibility;
  • Runway Incursion;
  • Birds on final.
36
Q

What’s the Procedure for a go around?

A

To go around, we need to basically:

  • Apply full power;
  • Increase the pitch;
  • Change the aircraft’s configuration;
  • Follow the missed approach profile;
  • Inform ATC about our intentions and the reason for the go around.
37
Q

What can cause a runway incursion?

A

A runway incursion can be caused by:

  • Miscommunication;
  • Confusion;
  • Unfamiliarity with the airport layout;
  • Lack of situational awareness;
  • Poor visibility;
  • Bad Markings;
  • Incorrect Clearance.
38
Q

What are the consequences of a Runway Incursion?

A

A runway incursion can lead to:

  • A Ground collision;
  • Panic onboard;
  • A balked landing;
  • Rejected takeoff;
  • or even a runway excursion.
39
Q

Which factors can lead to a runway excursion?

A

A runway excursion can be caused by:

  • Brake failure;
  • Tire blowout;
  • Reverse thrust malfunction;
  • Crosswinds;
  • Unstabilized approach;
  • loss of controls;
  • Mishandling.
40
Q

What are the consequences of a Runway Excursion?

A

A runway excursion can lead to:

  • Injuries in the passengers or cabin crew;
  • Structural damage;
  • Crash;
  • Loss of controls;
  • Runway closure;
  • Emergency evacuation.
41
Q

What would you do if you suffered a runway excursion?

A

If this happened to me, I would:

  • Ensure the aircraft is safe;
  • Communicate with ATC;
  • Address the Passengers;
  • If necessary, evacuate the aircraft;
  • Request emergency services,
  • And finally, Write a report about what happened.

CHITEROICAO (2 decks)

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