causes and events of 1905 revolution Flashcards
what was the russo-japanese war?
conflict between the russian empire ruled by tsar nicholas II and imperial japan under emperor Meiji
when was the russo japanese war?
began on the 8th of february and ended on 5th september 1905
why did the russo-japanese war happen?
russia wanted to expand its territory in china in an area called manchuria
this brought russia into conflict with japan
tsar wanted a short war to reduce opposition at home which was growing
russia needed ports that could be used all year as its existing ports froze over winter
russians didn’t not believe japan would be able to beat them
russia was considering expanding the trans-siberian railway into manchuria
(japanese saw this as a threat to their position in korea)
what happened during the russo-japanese war?
in february 1904 port arthur was attacked by the japanese
in september 1904 the japanese won a major land battle
in january 1905 port arthur surrendered to the japanese
in february 1905 russia was defeated in the battle of mukden and surrendered it in march to japan
what was the significance of the russo-japanese war for russia?
tsar nicholas was blamed for the humiliation of being defeated by japan which had been considered a lesser power
the military defeats in the war helped cause the mutiny on the battleship potemkin in june 1905
what was bloody sunday?
name of a massacre that happened in st petersburg
around 200 people were killed
when was bloody sunday?
sunday 22nd january 1905
why did bloody sunday happen in 1905?
protestors wanted a constitution which would protect the rights of the people
they marched to present a petition to tsar nicholas II complaining about working conditions
wanted to be able to set up trade unions to protect the rights of workers
wanted to work 8 hours a day
wanted a minimum wage of one rouble a day
what happened during bloody sunday?
a large group of protesters made up of workers and their families gathered in st petersburg led by father gapon
soldiers blocked the protesters route to the tsars palace
warning shots were fired
mounted cossacks attacked the protesters and then the soldiers fired at the crowd
200 people died and 800 were wounded
what was the importance of bloody sunday?
peasant riots across russia between 1905 and 1907
strikes across russia by workers
the creation of soviets or workers councits
why did tsar nicholas survive the consequences of bloody sunday?
army stayed loyal to him and crushed demonstration
issued the october manifesto which won over the middle class and liberals as it appeared to give them power through the setting up of a state duma or parliament
peter stolypin used the army and police to crush all political opposition
any person suspected of being a revolutionary was arrested and imprisoned
newspapers and trade unions were closed
opposition was split between different groups such as workers sailors peasant and ministry nationalities
what was the russian revolution of 1905?
russia faced massive social and political unrest during the revolution of 1905
some of this was directed at the government
when was the russian revolution of 1905?
the russian revolution of 1905 started on 22nd january
when was the russian revolution?
started on 22nd jan 1905
unrest lasted until 1907
what caused the russian revolution?
discontent amongst the peasants as they were heavily taxed, incredibly poor, and suffered from famines and hunger
growth in political opposition to nicholas from different groups
bloody sunday was a major trigger
