Categorical Syllogisms Flashcards
The predicate of the arguments conclusion is called the____ term
Major Term
The third term that does not appear in the arguments conclusion
Middle Term
The subject of the argument conclusion is called the_____ term
Minor Term
Describes the type of categorical propositions (A, E, I, O) that constitute the syllogism
Mood
Determined by the positions of the middle term within the premises of the syllogism (4 possible)
Figure
Contains the mood and figure of a categorical syllogism
Complete Form
There are 7 regions in the …
Three-circle Venn Diagram
region 1 of the three circle venn diagram is
Things that are only middle terms
region 2 of the three circle venn diagram is
things that are middle and minor terms
region 3 of the three circle venn diagram is
things that are middle, minor, and major terms
region 4 of the three circle venn diagram is
things that are middle and major terms
region 5 of the three circle venn diagram is
things that are minor terms
region 6 of the three circle venn diagram is
things that are minor and major terms
region 7 of the three circle venn diagram is
Things that are major terms
a term is _____ if a proposition makes a proposition an assertion about every member of a class of things that is denoted by that term.
distribution
Subject is distributed in this statement
A
Subject and Predicate are distributed in this statement
E
Nothing is distributed in this statement
I
Predicate is distributed in this statement
O
A syllogism that fails to distribute the middle term at least once
Fallacy of undistributed middle
If the minor term is distributed in the conclusion but not the premises
Fallacy of Illicit minor
If the major term is distributed in the conclusion but not the premises
Fallacy of Illicit major
if the premises of a categorical syllogism contains neither a universal affirmative statement nor a particular affirmative statement
Fallacy of exclusive premises
when a categorical syllogism has a negative premises but not a negative conclusion
Fallacy of drawing an affirmative conclusion from a negative premises
when a categorical syllogism has a negative conclusion but does not have negative premises
Fallacy of drawing a negative conclusion from affirmative premises
A syllogism that has universal premises but particular conclusion
Existential Fallacy
If a syllogism breaks any other validity rules besides the existential fallacy rule then it is…
Invalid from the Aristotelian standpoint as well as the Boolean standpoint
If a syllogism breaks the existential fallacy rule but no other validity rules it may still be valid from the….
Aristotelian standpoint
Denotes at least one existing thing
Critical term
For a term to be distributed more times than necessary in a syllogism is
Superfluously distributed
All except S are P is an…
Exceptive proposition
