Cataracts associated with Systemic Diseases I

Question 1

Describe cataracts related to Wilson’s Hepatolenticular Degeneration

(What is the metabolic error?, what are the signs in the Descemet’s membrane and what type of cataract develops?)

Answer 1

• Error in copper metabolism
• Kaiser-Fleischer ring in Descemet’s
• Sunflower cataracts in posterior lens capsule

Question 2

Describe cataracts related to Myotonic Dystrophy

(What is it, what type of cataracts do you expect to find and what shape is the cataract, chronic/acute?, slow/fast progression?, Ocular condition)

Answer 2

• Abnormal, slow muscle relaxation
• find cortical cataracts and PSC, “christmas tree” shape from cholesterol
• Chronic/slow progressing condition
• Ocular Signs: ptosis, orbicularis weakness, external opthalmoplegia, pigmentary retinopathy

Question 3

Describe cataracts related to Down’s Syndrome

What colored cataracts in what part of the lens?

Answer 3

• Cerulian/blue dot cataracts

- blue opacities in lens cortex

Question 4

You have a patient that presents with cataracts with blue dots and blue colored opacities in the lens cortex. What is the most likely systemic disease associated with this?

A. Wilson’s Hepatolenticular Degeneration
B. Myotonic Dystrophy
C. Down’s Syndrome
D. Glaukomflecken

Answer 4

C. Down’s Syndrome

Question 5

You have a patient that presents with subcapsular opacities from cell necrosis and a build up of noxious material in the anterior chamber. What is the most likely systemic disease associated with this?

A. Wilson’s Hepatolenticular Degeneration
B. Myotonic Dystrophy
C. Down’s Syndrome
D. Glaukomflecken (Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma)

Answer 5

D. Glaukomflecken (Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma)

Question 6

You have a patient that presents with a “christmas tree” shaped cortical & posterior subcapsular cataracts. You also notice ptosis, orbicularis weakness, progressive external opthalmoplegia and pigmentary retinopathy. What is the most likely systemic disease associated with this?

A. Wilson’s Hepatolenticular Degeneration
B. Myotonic Dystrophy
C. Down’s Syndrome
D. Glaukomflecken (Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma)

Answer 6

B. Myotonic Dystrophy

Question 7

You have a patient that presents with a ring along their Descemet’s membrane and a “sunflower” shaped cataract. What is the most likely systemic disease associated with this?

A. Wilson’s Hepatolenticular Degeneration
B. Myotonic Dystrophy
C. Down’s Syndrome
D. Glaukomflecken (Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma)

Answer 7

A. Wilson’s Hepatolenticular Degeneration

Question 8

What type of cataract would you expect with Wilson’s Hepatolenticular Degeneration?

A. Sunflower shaped cataract under posterior lens capsule
B. “Christmas tree shaped” Cortical and posterior subcapsular cataracts
C. Cerulian/Blue Dot Cataracts
D. Subcapsular opacities

Answer 8

A. Sunflower shaped cataract under posterior lens capsule

Question 9

What type of cataract would you expect with Glaukomflecken?

A. Sunflower shaped cataract under posterior lens capsule
B. “Christmas tree shaped” Cortical and posterior subcapsular cataracts
C. Cerulian/Blue Dot Cataracts
D. Subcapsular opacities

Answer 9

D. Subcapsular opacities

Question 10

What type of cataract would you expect with Down’s Syndrome?

A. Sunflower shaped cataract under posterior lens capsule
B. “Christmas tree shaped” Cortical and posterior subcapsular cataracts
C. Cerulian/Blue Dot Cataracts
D. Subcapsular opacities

Answer 10

C. Cerulian/Blue Dot Cataracts

Question 11

What type of cataract would you expect with Myotonic Dystrophy?

A. Sunflower shaped cataract under posterior lens capsule
B. “Christmas tree shaped” Cortical and posterior subcapsular cataracts
C. Cerulian/Blue Dot Cataracts
D. Subcapsular opacities

Answer 11

B. “Christmas tree shaped” Cortical and posterior subcapsular cataracts