Casualty Evaluation and Evacuation Flashcards
What is Casualty Assessment
systematic process for assessment of the trauma casualty and is essential for recognizing life-threatening conditions, identifying injuries, and determining priorities of care based on assessment findings
What are the objectives for casualty care
- Treatment of the casualty
- Prevention of additional casualties
- Completion of the mission
4 diagnostic signs in the primary survey of a casualty
- Pulse
- Respiration
- Skin color
- State of consciousness
What are the 4 basic lifesaving steps
- Open Airway
- Check for Breathing
- Check for signs of circulation
- Treat for Shock
What are the secondary assessment
-Prepare casualty for transport
-Reassess life treating injuries and treatment
-Manage problems w/ airways and breathing
Dressing, Bandage, Splint, Tourniquets are secure enough to withstand rough transport
What 3 conditions of casualties required stopping for treatment
- Pulseless, non-breathing casualty
- Casualty with massive bleeding
- Those in coma or shock
What is the best medicine on the battlefield
Fire superiority
How to clear the airway of an unconscious victim
Abdominal thrusts
How to clear the airway of a conscious victim
- Abdominal thrusts
- Heimlich maneuver
Use when the victim is pregnant or the abdomen is impossible to encircle
Chest thrusts
How to conduct rescue breathing
Mouth to mouth rescue breathing
Use when victim has a severe jaw fracture/mouth wound or tightly closed by spasms
Mouth to nose rescue breathing
Use when operating in a CBRN environment and the casualty and rescuer are masked
Chest pressure and arm lift method
What are the cycle of chest compression
1 cycle equals 30 compressions and 2 breaths (total of 5 cycles in one minutes)
When to stop doing CPR
- Mission does not permit further efforts
- Competent medical assistance help arrives
- Physically unable to continue due to fatigue
- Casualty recovers
How to conduct Head to Toe assessment (DCAP-BTLS)
Deformities: Fractures Contusions: Bruises Abrasions: Road rashes Punctures/penetrations: Stab/guns Burns: 1st, 2nd, 3rd degree Tenderness: Internal bleeding Lacerations: Bleeding external and internal Swelling: Internal injury
What is the 9 essential diagnostic signs
- Pulse
- Respiration
- Blood pressure
- Temperature
- Skin Color
- Pupils
- Level of consciousness
- Ability to move
- Reaction to pain
What is the Triage procedures
- Sorting or allocation of casualties according to a system of priorities
- Continuing process and is the responsibility of the best-trained individual at a disaster
What os the 3 categories of priority for treatment
- Urgent
- Priority
- Routine
What is considered Urgent casualty
Severe injury; threat to life, limb, or eyesight
- Airway and breathing difficulties
- Gunshot wounds
- Spinal or pelvic fractures
- Cardiac arrest
- Uncontrolled/ suspected hidden bleeding
- Open chest or abdominal wounds
- Severe head injuries with evidence of brain damage, no matter how slight
- Medical Problem
What is considered Priority treatment
Injury that requires immediate medical attention, not threat to life, limb, or eyesight
- 25% Burns without complications
- Major or multiple fractures
- Back injuries without spinal damage
- Heat/cold injuries—not counting heat stroke
What is considered Routine treatment
Injury that is not threat to life, limb or eyesight
- Injuries of a minor nature, i.e. sprains, small fractures, minor lacerations, etc
- Obviously mortal wounds where death appears reasonably certain
- Dead
What is Mass casualties
declared when the number and nature of casualties exceeds the skill level, resources, and personnel of those present
What to do w/ CBRN casualties
- separate category of triage
- Initial Step of Segregation
- Not allowed to contaminate other casualties, ambulances, or the hospital
