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Aviation Employment Considerations Flashcards

1
Q

USMC Offensive Air Support (OAS) operations are divided into two major categories

A

CAS (Close Air Support)

DAS (Deep Air Support)

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2
Q

What is Offensive Air Support

A

Air operations conducted against enemy installations, facilities, and personnel to directly assist the attainment of MAGTF objectives by the destruction of enemy resources or the isolation of his military force

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3
Q

What is Deep Air Support

A

Air action against enemy targets at such a distance from friendly forces that detailed integration of each mission with fire and movement of friendly forces is not required

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4
Q

What is Air Interdiction

A

Air operations conducted to destroy, neutralize, or delay the enemy’s military potential before it can be brought to bear effectively against friendly forces at such distance

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5
Q

What is Armed Reconnaissance

A

Locating and attacking targets of opportunity, i.e., enemy material, personnel, and facilities, in assigned general areas or along assigned ground communication routes, and not for the purpose of attacking specific/located briefed targets

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6
Q

What is Strike Coordination and Reconnaissance

A

A mission flown for the purpose of acquiring and reporting deep air support targets and coordinating armed reconnaissance or air interdiction missions upon those targets

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7
Q

What is a Close Air Support

A

Air action against hostile targets which are in close proximity to friendly forces and which require detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of those forces.

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of Close Air Support missions

A

Preplanned, Immediate Mission

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9
Q

What is a Preplanned Mission

A

program and planned in advance of operations

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10
Q

What are the 2 types of Preplanned Mission

A

Schedule, On-call

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11
Q

What is a schedule preplanned mission

A

Executed at a specific time against a specific target at a known location

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12
Q

What is a on call preplanned target

A

aircraft that are preloaded for a particular target or array of targets and target area and placed in an appropriate ground/air alert status

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13
Q

What is a Immediate Mission

A

Missions that arise during battle, strike unanticipated targets, and are generally urgent in nature

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14
Q

What are the 2 types of Immediate Mission

A

Divert, On-call

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15
Q

What is a divert immediate mission

A

Require aircraft be re-tasked in air via radio in order to support a different mission

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16
Q

What is a on-call immediate mission

A

Employment of aircraft from a standby status (strip alert)

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17
Q

What is Anti-air warfare

A

destroy or reduce to an acceptable level the enemy air and missile threat

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18
Q

What are the 2 general types of AAW

A

Offensive AAW (OAAW) and Air Defense

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19
Q

What is Offensive AAW (OAAW)

A

operations conducted against enemy air or air defense systems before they can launch or assume an attacking role

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20
Q

What is Air Defense

A

Defensive measures designed to destroy attacking enemy aircraft or missiles or to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of such an attack

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21
Q

Air Defense can be broken into 2 categories

A

Active Air Defense/ Passive Air Defense

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22
Q

What is Active Air Defense

A

Direct defensive action taken to destroy attacking enemy aircraft or missiles or to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of such an attack

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23
Q

What is Passive Air Defense

A

Minimize the effects of hostile air action. These measures include the use of cover, concealment, camouflage, deception, dispersion, and protective construction

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24
Q

What is the primary purpose of AAW

A

Gain and maintain AIR SUPERIORITY

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25
What are general categories of assault support
- Combat Assault Support - Air Delivery - Aerial Refueling - Air Evacuation - Tactical Recovery of Aircraft and Personnel - Battlefield illumination - Air Logistical Support - Battlefield Illumination
26
What is a Close Air Support
Air action against hostile targets which are in close proximity to friendly forces and which require detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of those forces.
27
What are the 2 types of Close Air Support missions
Preplanned, Immediate Mission
28
What is a Preplanned Mission
program and planned in advance of operations
29
What are the 2 types of Preplanned Mission
Schedule, On-call
30
What is a schedule preplanned mission
Executed at a specific time against a specific target at a known location
31
What is a on call preplanned target
aircraft that are preloaded for a particular target or array of targets and target area and placed in an appropriate ground/air alert status
32
What is a Immediate Mission
Missions that arise during battle, strike unanticipated targets, and are generally urgent in nature
33
What are the 2 types of Immediate Mission
Divert, On-call
34
What is a divert immediate mission
Require aircraft be re-tasked in air via radio in order to support a different mission
35
What is a on-call immediate mission
Employment of aircraft from a standby status (strip alert)
36
What is Anti-air warfare
destroy or reduce to an acceptable level the enemy air and missile threat
37
What are the 2 general types of AAW
Offensive AAW (OAAW) and Air Defense
38
What is Offensive AAW (OAAW)
operations conducted against enemy air or air defense systems before they can launch or assume an attacking role
39
What is Air Defense
Defensive measures designed to destroy attacking enemy aircraft or missiles or to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of such an attack
40
Air Defense can be broken into 2 categories
Active Air Defense/ Passive Air Defense
41
What is Active Air Defense
Direct defensive action taken to destroy attacking enemy aircraft or missiles or to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of such an attack
42
What is Passive Air Defense
Minimize the effects of hostile air action. These measures include the use of cover, concealment, camouflage, deception, dispersion, and protective construction
43
What is the primary purpose of AAW
Gain and maintain AIR SUPERIORITY
44
What are general categories of assault support
- Combat Assault Transport - Air Delivery - Aerial Refueling - Air Evacuation - Tactical Recovery of Aircraft and Personnel - Air Logistical Support - Battlefield Illumination
45
What is the purpose of Air Reconnaissance
Reduce the commander's unknown risks
46
What are the 2 types of Air Reconnaissance
Strategic Reconnaissance and Tactical Reconnaissance
47
What is Strategic Reconnaissance
Gathering of information, used to affect policy on the national or international level
48
What is Tactical Reconnaissance
use of air vehicles to obtain information concerning terrain, weather, and the disposition, composition, movement, installations, lines of communications, electronic and communication emissions of enemy forces
49
What 3 subsection Air Reconnaissance broken down to
Visual, Multi-Sensor Imagery, Electronic
50
What is Visual Air Reconnaissance
Gathering of information by aircrew by looking through the window of the cockpit or through sensors and verbally passing what is seen to the ground forces
51
What is Multi-Sensor Imagery Air Reconnaissance
passing of imagery from aircraft to ground forces
52
What is Electronic Air Reconnaissance
Gathering of information on how the enemy is utilizing the electromagnetic spectrum
53
What subset is Electronic Warfare consist of
- Electronic Attack (EA) - Electronic Warfare Support (ES) - EP (Electronic Protection)
54
What is Electronic Attack (EA)
Use of electromagnetic energy to determine, reduce, exploit or prevent hostile use of the electromagnetic spectrum and action which retains friendly use of the electromagnetic spectrum
55
What is Electronic Warfare Support (ES)
Actions taken under direct control of an operational commander to search for, intercept, identify, and locate sources of radiated electromagnetic energy for the purpose of immediate threat recognition
56
What is EP (Electronic Protection)
Actions taken to protect personnel, facilities, and equipment from any effects of friendly or enemy employment of EW that degrade, neutralize, or destroy friendly combat capability
57
he principle objectives of the Marine Air Command and Control System (MACCS) are to
- Enhance unity of effort - Integrate the elements of the command and control system. - Disseminate common situational awareness
58
What is TYPE 2 Terminal Control
1. Used when FAC/JTAC is unable to acquire the target and/or the attacking aircraft. 2. Attacking aircraft is unable to acquire the target or mark prior to weapons release. 3. FAC/JTAC is in control of individual attacks. 4. "Cleared Hot" for each attacking aircraft.
59
What is Air Control
Authority to direct the physical maneuver of aircraft in flight or to direct an aircraft or surface-to-air weapon unit to engage a specific target
59
What is Airspace Management
Coordination, integration and regulation of the use of airspace of defined dimensions
60
What is Airspace Control
Authority to direct the maneuver of aircraft so that the best use is made of assigned airspace
60
What control of aircrafts and missiles
TPS-59 = Long Range Radar System
60
What is TYPE 1 Terminal Control
1. FAC/JTAC can see both the target and the attacking aircraft during terminal control. 2. Attacking aircraft must visually acquire the target or mark. 3. FAC/JTAC is in control of individual attacks. 4. "Cleared HOT"for each attacking aircraft.
60
What is TYPE 3 Terminal Control
1. AO boundaries 2. Target Precedence 3. Time 4. Geometry 5. "Cleared to Engage" Pilot will respond back with "Commencing Engagement"
60
What basic conditions must be employed to optimize CAS employment
- Effective training and proficiency - Planning and integration - Command, control, and communications (C3). - Air superiority - Target marking and acquisition - Streamlined and flexible procedures - Appropriate ordnance - Favorable weather
60
One nautical mile equals in KM
2KM
60
9 Lines Brief = | I Hate Drinking Every Day Like My Friend Ed
1. IP/BP 2. Heading (OffSet) 3. Distance 4. Elevation* 5. Description 6. Location* 7. Mark 8. Friendlies 9. Egress
60
Line 3 = Distance
1. Fixed wing - Straight line distance from IP to target in nautical miles to the nearest tenth 2. Rotary wing - Straight line distance from center of BP to target in meters to the nearest 100 meters
60
Line 4 = Elevation
1. Communicated in Feet 2. Most military charts have conversion intervals in Meters - Meters x 3.3 = Feet 3. Needed for weapons accuracy 4. At completion of 9 Line, Aircraft is required to read this line back.
60
Line 9 = Egress
“Egress,” is used before delivering the egress instructions
60
What is TOT
1. Based on GPS time - Any Accessible GPS 2. Used to coordinate/integrate fires 3. Clock time (in minutes) bombs impact target 4. Pilot will read back lines 4, 6, and restrictions

Exam 3 (10 decks)

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