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Castilla Y Leon Flashcards

1
Q

What does “Castilla y Leon” stand for?

A
  • The “land of castles”
  • Castles were built as fortifications to repel the mors in the early Middle Ages
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2
Q

Where was the birth of the Kingdom of Spain?

A

Castilla y Leon

-in the 15th Century with the union of Castilla y Leon and Aragon through marriage.

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3
Q

What is the climate of Castilla y Leon? What other aspects define Castilla y Leon?

A

Continental
-separated from Castilla-la-Mancha by Sistema Central
-high elevation (700-1000M)
-banks of Duero River

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4
Q

What moderates the climate of Castilla y Leon?

A

Moderated by proximity to Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean

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5
Q

What is the Meseta Central? What is its significance in Castilla y Leon?

A

Arid central plateau of Spain

-Castilla y Leon sits here

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6
Q

What is the river that flows through Castilla y Leon?

A

Duero River

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7
Q

What are the DOs of Castilla y Leon?

A

Bierzo DO

Tierra de León DO

Arlanza DO

Cigales DO

Ribera del Duero DO

Arribes DO

Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO

Toro DO

Rueda DO

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8
Q

What is the largest autonomía in Spain?

A

Castilla y Leon

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9
Q

Styles of Bierzo?

A

Blanco: authorized white varieties
Rosado: min. 70% authorized red varieties
Tinto: min. 85% authorized red varieties plus authorized white grapes
Vino clarete: 40% to 60% red grapes plus authorized white grapes; grapes go direct to press except 5 to 10% destemmed grapes which are included in fermentation

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10
Q

Grapes of Bierzo?

A

Blanco: Doña Blanca, Godello, Malvasía Riojana, Palomino
Tinto: Mencía, Garnacha Tintorera, Esaldiña, and/or Merenzao.

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11
Q

Where will you find the Vino de Paraje classification?

A

Bierzo
-est 2017
-sits above Vino di Villa (village wine)
-analogous to Burgundy’s lieux-dits
-designated to specific parcels

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12
Q

Who makes the Corullón wines? Why is it significant/describe?

A
  • Descendientes de José Palacios
  • Alvaro Palacios (Priorat) with his nephew Ricardo Palacios
  • instant fame
  • old vine mencia
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13
Q

Major geographical features of Bierzo?

A

Sierra de los Ancares - shields affects of Atlantic
-Sil River

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14
Q

When was Tierra de León DO upgraded from VdlT and what kind of wine is made?

A

2007

reds whites and rosados
best are reds from Mencía and local Prieto picudo

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15
Q

What two towns are surrounded by Ribera del Duero?

A

Aranda de Duero and Peñafiel

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16
Q

Who founded Vega Sicilia? When? What new winemaker achieved international acclaim?

A

Don Eloy Lecanda y Chaves

1864 - planted BDX varietals and PN next to temp

Domingo Txomin’s 1917/18 Único at Barcelona’s World Fair

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17
Q

What is the blend of Único?

A

Tinto del Pais (tempranillo), Cab Sauv, Merlot

Often aged over 10 yrs

American and French Oak

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18
Q

When did RdD achieve DO?

A

1982

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19
Q

Who is rival of Vega Sicilia in RdD?

A

Pesquera, since 1980s

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20
Q

Two other cult wineries in RdD?

A

Dominio de Pingus

Aalto

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21
Q

Styles authorized for RdD DO?

A

Blanco: min. 75% Albillo Mayor
Rosado or Clarete: min. 50% authorized red varieties
Tinto: min. 95% authorized red grapes with a min. 75% Tinta del País / Tinto Fino

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22
Q

Grapes of RdD DO?

A

Recommended: Tinta del País / Tinto Fino (Tempranillo)
Authorized: Garnacha, Malbec, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Albillo Mayor

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23
Q

List 5 producers from RdD.

A

Vega Sicilia
Dominio de Pingus
Presquera
Bodegas Valduero
AALTO
Viña Sastre

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24
Q

What is tempranillo known as in RdD?

A

Tinto del País

Tinto Fino

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25
Q

When did Rueda achieve DO? What is the main white grape here and who rejuvenated it?

A
  • 1980
  • Verdejo rejuvenated by Marques de Riscal in 70s
  • Often blended with Viura, if not then varietal Verdejo and varietal Sauv b allowed (85%)
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26
Q

Styles of Rueda.

A

Blanco
Rosado
Tinto
Vino Espumoso
Vino Espumoso Rosado
Vino de Licor (fortified)

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27
Q

What is Dorado?

A

Dry fortified oxidized wine in Rueda
- not popular anymore

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28
Q

What are Espumoso?

A

Sparkling wines produced in rosado and white styles in Rueda

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29
Q

Grape requirement for Brut Espumoso in Rueda?

A

Minimium 85% Verdejo

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30
Q

Aging requirements for Espumoso in Rueda? Gran Añada?

A

Espumoso - 9 months on lees
Gran Añada - 36 months on lees as of 2020

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31
Q

What is tinto de toro?

A

local strain of Tempranillo in Toro DO

32
Q

What is climate like in Toro DO?

A

Hot, dry, continental summers - easy ripens tinto de toro

33
Q

Climate of Ribera del Duero

A

High plateau avg 850m

cool nights

warm days

spring frosts

autumn rain

34
Q

how are rosados made in Toro DO?

A

saignee blend of tinto de toro and garnacha

35
Q

What is Vega Sicilia’s project in Toro DO?

A

Bodegas Pintia

36
Q

How long is Vega Secilia Valbuena aged before release?

37
Q

What is the sister bodega of Vega Secilia in Ribera del Duero?

A

Alion

-aged for a shorter time in new French oak

38
Q

What is Dorado?

A
  • Dry fortified oxidized wine in Rueda
  • not popular anymore
  • Min 15% abv
    -Aged min 4 years, with 2 in wood
39
Q

What well known producer has staked claim in Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO?

A

Alejándro Fernández of Pesquera of RdD

  • founded Dehesa la Granja in Zamora
40
Q

What is minimum percentage of tempranillo required in Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO?

A

-Minimum 75% tempranillo

41
Q

What DO of Castilla y León borders Portugal?

A
  • Arribes
    Blanco: 60% Malvasia, plus

Rosado/Tinto: 60% Juan García, Rufete, Tempranillo, plus

42
Q

Where is Cigales DO in relation to Duero? What is this region most noted for?

A
  • Not right on border
  • North of Valladolid (NW of RdD)
  • Noted for rosado and nuevo rosado production
  • also make sweet and espumoso wines
  • verdejo and tempranillo main grapes
43
Q

White grape of Cigales DO.

A

Minimum 50% Verdejo

44
Q

Red grapes of Cigales DO.

A

Tinta del País (Tempranillo), Garnacha Tinta, Garnacha Gris

Authorized: Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah

45
Q

When was Arlanza DO achieved? Grapes?

A

2007 - one of Spains newest
white - albilla, viura
rose/red - tinto del país, garnacha, merlot, BDX grapes

46
Q

What is Dominio Pingus’ second wine?

A

Flor de Pingus

  • 100% tempranillo from rented vineyards
  • 35+ year old vines
  • biodynamic
47
Q

What makes Pingus Special?

A
  • 100% tempranillo
  • 2.5 hectares (6.2 acres) in Barrosso with vines older than 65 years
  • 1.5 hectares in San Cristobal with vines older than 70 years
  • yields of 12 hl/ha
  • less than 500 cases made each year
  • not made in poor vintages
  • biodynamic
48
Q

What is RdD “Amelia”?

A
  • Made by Pingus
  • single barrel cuvee
  • 100+ year old vines
  • yields of 10hl/ha
  • biodynamic -25 cases made
49
Q

What is the “PSI” project in RdD?

A
  • Pingus project
  • joint project based on fruit produced by local grape growers from old tempranillo vines. The goal is to help grape producers and save old vines
  • Grape growers are encouraged to employ biodynamic or organic vineyard management practices.
50
Q

Where is Numanthia-Termes?

51
Q

What colors does the Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO produce?

A
  • Red
  • White
  • Rosado
  • Clarete (A lighter rosé made from similar grapes)
52
Q

Where is Fariña located?

53
Q

What are all commercial rosados in Ribera del Duero DO bottled as?

A

Vino Joven
-Crianza has not been produced in over a decade

54
Q

Which autonomía is Rueda in?

A

Castilla y León

55
Q

Can Rueda DO be espumoso?

A
  • Yes, white or rosado
  • Brut must be min 85% Verdejo
56
Q

What wine region of Spain is one of its oldest, dating back to the 17th century, and has history being exported to England?

A

Ribeiro DO

57
Q

Which autonomía is Arribes DO in?

A

Castilla y León

58
Q

Which autonomía is Cigales DO in?

A

Castilla y León

59
Q

What DOs does the Duero River pass through?

A
  • Ribera del Duero DO
  • Rueda DO
  • Toro DO
  • Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO
  • Arribes DO
60
Q

Which autonomía is Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO in?

A

Castilla y León

61
Q

What region produces Clarete? What is it?

A

Tierra del Vino de Zamora
A light rosé

62
Q

What is the modern training in Ribera del Duero? Where will you find it?

A

En Espalier: trellised, Guyot-trained vines. Found in more fertile, low-elevation vineyards, and used to produce joven or rosado wines.

63
Q

What is the traditional training in Ribera del Duero?

A

En Vaso (bush vines), widely spaced - 2,000-2,500 vines per hectare

64
Q

What are the four provinces of production in Ribera del Duero?

A

Valladolid (west, “millla de oro”)
Burgos (central, 80% of the DO’s vineyards)
Soria (east)
Segovia (south)

65
Q

What bodegas on are on the Milla de Oro, and where does it go?

A

West to East from Tudela de Duero to Peñafiel.
Mauro
Abadia Retuerta
Pingus
Vega Sicilia
Hacienda Monasteria
Alion

66
Q

Red Rueda is often bottled under what appellation?

A

Vino de la Tierra Castilla y León

67
Q

What Toro property is owned by Michel and Dany Rolland?

A

Campo Eliseo

68
Q

Who owns Numanthia?

A

LVMH (2008)

69
Q

What happened in 1995 that caused a major shift in Spain’s productivity?

A

Irrigation was officially legalized.

70
Q

Why are vines in Spain often planted much farther apart than in other major wine regions?

A

The very dry soil (summer drought is the country’s biggest viticultural hazard) cannot support many vines, so they are spread out to reduce competition.

71
Q

What are the four DOs of Castilla y León that lie north of Ribera del Duero?

A

Bierzo
Tierra de Léon
Cigales DO (Northwest)
Arlanza DO (Due North)

72
Q

What are the two DOs of Castilla y León that lie north of Ribera del Duero?

A

Cigales DO (Northwest)
Arlanza DO (Due North)

73
Q

How is Toro Rosado made?

A

By saignée, of garnacha and tinta do toro

74
Q

What styles are permitted to label Crianza/Reserva/Gran Reserva in Toro?

A

Tinto Only

75
Q

Rueda: aging

A

Crianza:
Blanco/Rosado: Wines must be aged for a min. 18 months, including at least 6 months in oak (max. 330 liter barrels)
Tinto: Wines must be aged for a min. 2 years, including at least 6 months in oak (max. 330 liter barrels)
Reserva:
Blanco/Rosado: Wines must be aged for a min. 2 years, including at least 6 months in oak
Tinto: Wines must be aged for a min. 3 years, including at least 1 year in oak
Gran Reserva:
Blanco/Rosado: Wines must be aged for a min. 4 years, including at least 6 months in oak
Tinto: Wines must be aged for a min. of 5 years, including at least 2 years in oak and 3 years in bottle

76
Q

Bierzo: Principal soils

A

Loose alluvials, sand, granite

450-1000M elevation

77
Q

Aging of Ribera del Duero

A

Roble/Barrica: min. 3 months in oak (max. 600 liter capacity)
Crianza:
Blanco/Rosado/Clarete: min. 18 months, including at least 6 months in oak (max. 330 liter capacity)
Tinto: min. 2 years, including at least 1 year in oak (max. 330 liter capacity)
Reserva:
Blanco/Rosado/Clarete: min. 2 years, including at least 6 months in oak (max. 330 liter capacity)
Tinto: min. 3 years, including at least 1 year in oak (max. 330 liter capacity)
Gran Reserva:
Blanco/Rosado/Clarete: min. 4 years, including at least 6 months in oak (max. 330 liter capacity)
Tinto: min. 5 years, including at least 2 years in oak (max. 330 liter capacity)

Spain (12 decks)

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