Cases (Non-enveloped Viruses) Flashcards
Non Enveloped DNA Viruses
Aden’s Papillon has Parvo
Adenovirus
Papillomavirus
Parvovirus
Non-Enveloped RNA Viruses
Picornavirus (rhinovirus, poliovirus, coxsackievirus, Hepatitis A)
Let’s meet our hero, PICO (that’s short for Picorna). Notice he is riding his pet Rhino (Rhinovirus), while playing Polo (Polio). Did you notice his saddlebags… or Sacks (Coxsackie A/B). Oh yeah, Pico has some drinking problems (note the bottle), so throw Hep-A and Entervirus in this group.
HEPpy NORO wants to go to REO
Hepevirus (E)
Norovirus
Reovirus
Adenovirus Structural Details
dsDNA 57 serotypes Stable Vector for vaccination approaches Can be asx's
Gene Expression in NUCLEUS, using HOST MACHINERY
E genes - regulatory
L genese - structural
Pt present with unilateral red eye, fever + pharyngitis. What organism do you suspect?
Adenovirus serotypes 3,4,7,8,19,37
Adenovirus 40-41 cause this type of infection?
Gastroenteritis
Pt presents with Croup, suspect this serotype of adenovirus.
Adenovirus 1,2,5,6,14
Teen present with painful urination, dysuria + hematauria. You suspect adenovirus, what serotype?
11 + 21
HPV
dsDNA with >100 serotypes
Infects undifferentiated basal keratinocytes
Uses HOST DNA polymerase
What HPV serotypes are the most common cause of genital warts (90%)?
6 + 11
What type of HPV is most commonly associated with progression to CA? Why?
16 + 18
Drives cell cycle progression for activation of DNA polymerase for use by virus.
E6 early protein INHIBITS tumor suppressor gene
E7 early protein INHIBITS pRB tumor suppressor gene.
Gardasil - 6,11,16,18 - Recombinant vaccine (L1 capsid)
Your pt brings in her 5 mo daughter Rosie. Rosie has been running a low grade fever. Her mother brought her in because she developed a rash that began on her face and then moved to her extremities. Mom says Rosie does not act itchy or irritated. This is at the top of your DDx
Fifth’s dx (erythema infectiosum) - Parvovirus B19
In older children the rash can be more itchy and arthritic symptoms may occur in hands, wrists, knees, ankles.
Transmitted via respiratory droplets.
Parvovirus
ssDNA
Mostly affecting animals - not zoonotic
Replicates in NUCLEUS using HOST transcription, translation + replication.
Picornaviruses - key features
ssRNA (pico = small)
icosahedral capsid with 4 proteins.
Replicates in CYTOPLASM
Protealytic cleavage.
Your patient presents with all the signs of the common cold, including mm weakness and fatigue. You know from Dr Chew that this is a common, season causative organism…..
Rhinovirus
has greater than 100 serotypes.
This virus causes CNS invasion and flaccid paralysis at various locations….
Poliovirus
- Anterior Horn = asymmetrical facial paralysis (m/c) - SPINAL
- Bulbar region of brainstem (V, A, Hypo N’s) = swallowing, breathing, lung + heart fx - BULBAR
- Combo - RESPIRATORY polio - diaphragm + phrenic nerve affected. Need assisted ventilation.
This virus typically present in children <5yo and may cause mild URT, GI + Flu-like symptoms. May also cause non-paralytic aseptic meningitis…..
Poliovirus
If causing these symptoms it is generally self resolving.
VACCINE avail
Jonas Salk - inactivated polio
Albert Sabin - oral, live attenuated 1952; low risk of vaccine induced polio. Admin in endemic areas where risk of dx outweighs risk of reversion.
Post Polio Syndrome
NOT ASSX with Shedding/infection –> Molecular Latency?
MM weakness + extreme fatigue
This organism causes an acute febrile illness with nx + vx. Assx with aseptic meningitis in kids + with mycarditis and pericarditis in some individuals…….
Coxsackievirus
Pt presents with a faver, fatigue + rash. You notice the ulcerations on the hands + feet. On PE you see blisters in the mouth and throat as well as conjunctivitis. You suspect…..
Hand, foot + mouth Dx - Coxsackie A
Pt presents with chest pain. You rule out MI and find out that the pt also has: fever, HA, abdominal pain…… you suspect….
Pleurodynia - Coxsacki B
Jaxson comes by your office because upon return from visiting his family in Mexico he had abrupt onset of fever, malaise, anorexia and abdominal pain. He tells you that his sister is experiencing similar symptoms back in Mexico. What (+)ssRNA virus might this be indicative of?
Hepatitis A virus
polyprotein synthesis followed by protealitic cleavage.
Assx with contaminated food/water
Vaccine is available.
Worry about long term complication is rare - only 10% of ppl.
Prevention - heat food + water to >85C
You need to worry about this -/+ ssRNA virus in pregnant women. What are key symptoms and why is this a problem in pregnancy.
Hepatitis E
Fever, malaise, nausea, anorexia + abd pain (SAME as Hep C)
ALSO: Jaundice, DARK urine. Joint pain.
Generally self limiting - but risk of Fulminant Hepatitis in pregnant women with high mortality in the 3rd trimester.
While on a cruise over 60 ppl come down with severe diarrhea and vomiting. You know this is likely related to this virus of the Calicivirus Family….
Norovirus
-/+ssRNA virus with 5 genogroups
Infx is self limiting but lasts about 1-3 days
This virus uses NSP4 virulence factor to cause Ca2+ into the gut lumen causing osmotic diarrhea. Also assx with fever + vomiting….
Rotavirus
Of the REOvirus family
-dsRNA virus
Live attneuated vaccine available - low risk of intussuception even
Name the non-enveloped virus’ that have vaccine’s available
HPV strain’s 11,6, 16, 18
Polio
Hep A
Rotavirus
