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N232 > Case Study Things > Flashcards

Case Study Things Flashcards

1
Q

Morphine classification (therapeutic and pharmacologic)

A

Thera - Opioid analgesic

Pharma - Opioid agonist

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2
Q

Morphine indications

A
  • Mod to severe pain
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Pain r/t MI
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3
Q

Action of Morphine

A

Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS. Alters the perception of and response to painful
stimuli while producing generalized CNS depression

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4
Q

Onset, peak, duration of PO Morphine

A

Onset - unknown
Peak - 60 min
Duration - 4–5 hr

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5
Q

Onset, peak, duration of IV Morphine

A

Onset - rapid
Peak - 20 min
Duration - 4–5 hr

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6
Q

Nursing considerations of Morphine

A

Assess level of consciousness, BP, pulse, and respirations before and
periodically during administration

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7
Q

Atrovastatin classifications (thera and pharma)

A

Thera - lipid-lowering agents

Pharma - HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

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8
Q

Atrovasatin indications

A
  • Adjunctive management of primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia.
  • Primary prevention of coronary heart disease
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9
Q

Action of Atrovastatin

A

Inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an enzyme
which is responsible for catalyzing an early step in the synthesis of cholesterol

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10
Q

Onset, peak, duration of PO Atrovastatin

A

Onset - unknown
Peak - unknown
Duration - 20–30 hr

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11
Q

Metoprolol classification (thera and pharma)

A

Thera -

Pharma -

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12
Q

Metoprolol indications

A
  • Hypertension, to lower blood pressure
  • Angina Pectoris
  • Heart Failure
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13
Q

Action of Metoprolol

A

Blocks stimulation of beta1 (myocardial) -adrenergic receptors

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14
Q

Classification of Hydrochlorothiazide (thera and pharma)

A

Thera - antihypertensives, diuretics

Pharma - thiazide diuretics

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15
Q

Indications of Hydrochlorothiazide

A
  • Management of mild to moderate hypertension.

- Treatment of edema associated with: HF, Renal dysfunction, Cirrhosis, Glucocorticoid therapy, Estrogen therapy.

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16
Q

Action of Hydrochlorothiazide

A
  • Increases excretion of sodium and water by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule.
  • Promotes excretion of chloride, potassium, hydrogen, magnesium, phosphate, calcium and bicarbonate.
  • May produce arteriolar dilation.
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17
Q

Onset, peak, and duration of Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Onset - 2 hr
Peak - 3–6 hr
Duration - 6–12 hr

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18
Q

Nursing implications for Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Monitor BP, intake, output, and daily weight and assess feet, legs, and sacral area for edema daily

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19
Q

Classification of Furosemide (thera and pharma)

A

Thera - diuretics

Pharma - loop diuretics

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20
Q

Indications of Furosemide

A
  • Edema due to heart failure, hepatic impairment or renal disease.
  • Hypertension.
21
Q

Action of Furosemide

A
  • Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of Henle and distal renal tubule.
  • Increases renal excretion of water, sodium, chloride, magnesium, potassium, and calcium.
  • Effectiveness persists in impaired renal function.
22
Q

Onset, peak, and duration of PO Furosemide

A

Onset - 30–60 min
Peak - 1–2 hr
Duration - 6–8 hr

23
Q

Onset, peak, and duration of IV Furosemide

A

Onset - 5 min
Peak - 30 min
Duration - 2 hr

24
Q

Nursing implications of Furosemide

A
  • Assess fluid status. Monitor daily weight, intake and output ratios, amount and location of edema, lung sounds, skin turgor, and mucous membranes.
  • Monitor BP and pulse before and during administration.
25
Q

Classification of Insulin Lispro (aka Humalog) (thera and pharma)

A

Thera - antidiabetics, hormones

Pharma - pancreatics

26
Q

Indications of Humalog

A

Control of hyperglycemia in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus

27
Q

Action of Humalog

A
  • Lower blood glucose by: stimulating glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and fat, inhibiting hepatic glucose production.
  • Other actions: inhibition of lipolysis and proteolysis, enhanced protein synthesis
28
Q

Onset, peak, and duration of Humalog

A

Onset - 15 - 30 min
Peak - .5 - 1.5
Duration - 3 - 5
*these values were from the skills and technologies textbook…I hope they’re the right ones because every resource says something different…

29
Q

Nursing implications for Humalog

A
  • Assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia
30
Q

Classification of Insulin glargine (aka Lantus) (thera and pharma)

A

Thera - hormones

Pharma - pancreatics

31
Q

Indications of Lantus

A

Control of hyperglycemia in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

32
Q

Action of Lantus

A
  • Lowers blood glucose by : stimulating glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and fat, inhibiting hepatic glucose production.
  • Other actions of insulin: inhibition of lipolysis
    and proteolysis, enhanced protein synthesis.
33
Q

Onset, peak, and duration of Lantus

A

Onset - 1.5 hour
Peak - None identified
Duration - Greater than 24
*These values were also taken from the skills and technology textbook…

34
Q

Nursing implications of Lantus

A
  • Assess for symptoms of hypoglycemia
35
Q

Classification of Warfarin (thera and pharma)

A

Thera - anticoagulants

Pharma - coumarins

36
Q

Indications of Warfarin

A
  • Prophylaxis and treatment of: venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, atrial fibrillation with embolization. - Management of myocardial infarction: decreases risk of
    death, decreases risk of subsequent MI, decreases risk of future thromboembolic events.
37
Q

Action of Warfarin

A

Interferes with hepatic synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors

38
Q

Onset, peak, and duration of Warfarin

A

Onset - 36–72 hr
Peak - 5–7 days
Duration - 2–5 days

39
Q

Nursing implication of Warfarin

A

Assess for signs of bleeding and hemorrhage

40
Q

Classification of Ramipril (thera and pharma)

A

Thera - antihypertensives

Pharma - ACE inhibitors

41
Q

Indications of Ramipril

A
  • Alone or with other agents in the management of hypertension.
  • Reduction of risk of MI, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes in patients at least 55 years of age who are at high risk of developing a major cardiovascular event
42
Q

Action of Ramipril

A

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II

43
Q

Onset, peak, and duration of Ramipril

A

Onset - 1–2 hr
Peak - 3–6 hr
Duration - 24 hr

44
Q

Nursing implication of Ramipril

A

Monitor BP and pulse frequently during initial dose adjustment and periodically during therapy

45
Q

Classification of Digoxin (thera and pharma)

A

Thera - antiarrhythmics, inotropics

Pharma - digitalis glycosides

46
Q

Indications of Digoxin

A
  • Heart failure.
  • Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter (slows ventricular rate).
  • Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia.
47
Q

Action of Digoxin

A
  • Increases the force of myocardial contraction.
  • Prolongs refractory period of the AV node.
  • Decreases conduction through the SA and AV nodes
48
Q

Onset, peak, and duration of PO Digoxin

A

Onset - 30–120 min
Peak - 2–8 hr
Duration - 2–4 days

49
Q

Onset, peak, and duration of IV Digoxin

A

Onset 5–30 min
Peak - 1–4 hr
Duration - 2–4 days

N232 (9 decks)

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