Case Study Things Flashcards
Morphine classification (therapeutic and pharmacologic)
Thera - Opioid analgesic
Pharma - Opioid agonist
Morphine indications
- Mod to severe pain
- Pulmonary edema
- Pain r/t MI
Action of Morphine
Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS. Alters the perception of and response to painful
stimuli while producing generalized CNS depression
Onset, peak, duration of PO Morphine
Onset - unknown
Peak - 60 min
Duration - 4–5 hr
Onset, peak, duration of IV Morphine
Onset - rapid
Peak - 20 min
Duration - 4–5 hr
Nursing considerations of Morphine
Assess level of consciousness, BP, pulse, and respirations before and
periodically during administration
Atrovastatin classifications (thera and pharma)
Thera - lipid-lowering agents
Pharma - HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
Atrovasatin indications
- Adjunctive management of primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia.
- Primary prevention of coronary heart disease
Action of Atrovastatin
Inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an enzyme
which is responsible for catalyzing an early step in the synthesis of cholesterol
Onset, peak, duration of PO Atrovastatin
Onset - unknown
Peak - unknown
Duration - 20–30 hr
Metoprolol classification (thera and pharma)
Thera -
Pharma -
Metoprolol indications
- Hypertension, to lower blood pressure
- Angina Pectoris
- Heart Failure
Action of Metoprolol
Blocks stimulation of beta1 (myocardial) -adrenergic receptors
Classification of Hydrochlorothiazide (thera and pharma)
Thera - antihypertensives, diuretics
Pharma - thiazide diuretics
Indications of Hydrochlorothiazide
- Management of mild to moderate hypertension.
- Treatment of edema associated with: HF, Renal dysfunction, Cirrhosis, Glucocorticoid therapy, Estrogen therapy.
Action of Hydrochlorothiazide
- Increases excretion of sodium and water by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule.
- Promotes excretion of chloride, potassium, hydrogen, magnesium, phosphate, calcium and bicarbonate.
- May produce arteriolar dilation.
Onset, peak, and duration of Hydrochlorothiazide
Onset - 2 hr
Peak - 3–6 hr
Duration - 6–12 hr
Nursing implications for Hydrochlorothiazide
Monitor BP, intake, output, and daily weight and assess feet, legs, and sacral area for edema daily
Classification of Furosemide (thera and pharma)
Thera - diuretics
Pharma - loop diuretics
Indications of Furosemide
- Edema due to heart failure, hepatic impairment or renal disease.
- Hypertension.
Action of Furosemide
- Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of Henle and distal renal tubule.
- Increases renal excretion of water, sodium, chloride, magnesium, potassium, and calcium.
- Effectiveness persists in impaired renal function.
Onset, peak, and duration of PO Furosemide
Onset - 30–60 min
Peak - 1–2 hr
Duration - 6–8 hr
Onset, peak, and duration of IV Furosemide
Onset - 5 min
Peak - 30 min
Duration - 2 hr
Nursing implications of Furosemide
- Assess fluid status. Monitor daily weight, intake and output ratios, amount and location of edema, lung sounds, skin turgor, and mucous membranes.
- Monitor BP and pulse before and during administration.