Case Study Practice Question Thickeners, peptides and Sunscreens Flashcards

1
Q

What are thickeners and why we use them in products?

A

Adjust the viscosity of formulation, use to enhance texture/consistency and stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 5 categories of Peptides?

A
  1. Signal peptides
  2. Carrier peptides
  3. Neurotransmitter peptides
  4. Enzyme inhibiting peptides
  5. Antioxidant peptides
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mechanism of Signal Peptides?

A
  • Role: Delivers proteins to their site of action
  • Triggers signal cascade (chemical reaction) within extracellular matrix = increase stimulation of collagen, elastin and fibronectin production
  • Skin benefits: Improve lines lines and wrinkles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mechanism of Carrier Peptides?

A
  • Transport substances and trace element to specific target areas of the skin, enhancing delivery of actives deeper into skin
  • Skin benefits: Wound healing, increase skin density and fine lines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mechanism of Neurotransmitter Peptides?

A
  • Neurotransmitter inhibitor peptides: Inhibit release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mechanism of Enzyme Inhibiting Peptides?

A
  • Inhibits enzyme activity: inhibits MMP (matrix metalloproteinases) active in aged skin
  • Skin benefits: minimise wrinkles, crows feet and frown lines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mechanism of Antioxidant Peptides?

A
  • Inhibits lipid oxidation by stabilising radicals and neutralising non-radical oxidising species
  • Skin benefits: Protect skin from free radicals and environmental stress
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What ingredient is Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-3 [KTTKS (lysine-threonine-threonine-lysine-serine) Matrixyl and what type?

A
  • Signal peptide
  • Stimulate production of extracellular proteins like collagen and fibronectin = improve lines around eyes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What ingredient is Pentapeptide-3 [Vialox®] and what type?

A
  • Neurotransmitter peptide
  • Blocks sodium ion release receptors which leads to muscle contractions, = smooth expression lines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What ingredient is Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine (GHK) peptide and what type?

A
  • Carrier peptide
  • increase collagen production via fibroblast stimulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What ingredient is Soybean Peptides and what type?

A
  • Enzyme inhibiting peptide
  • Reduce UVB induced photodamage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What ingredient is glutamyl-cysteyl-glycine and what type?

A
  • Antioxidant peptide
  • Stabilise radical species
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

who should use peptides?

A
  • Chronological and photoaging
  • Fine lines and wrinkles
  • Collagen deficiency
  • Rosacea
  • Hyperpigmentation
  • Dehydrated and dry skin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) be divided into?

A
  • UVA (320-400nm)
  • UVB (290-320nm)
  • UVC (100-290nm​)
  • EUV (Extreme Ultraviolet/10-100nm)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is sunscreen’s goals?

A
  • Prevent sunburn
  • Protect skin from photodamage by preventing transmission of UVR into skin viable tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the two types of sunscreens?

A
  • Organic filters (chemical) <- common
  • Inorganic filters (mineral/physical) <-titanium dioxide and zinc oxide
17
Q

How do sunscreens work?

A
  • Scattering
    Or
  • Absorb UVR energy and releasing it less harmful energy that wont damage DNA
18
Q

Which UV mainly cause sunburn?

A

UVB

19
Q

% of how much SPF 15, SPF 30, and SPF 50+ blocks UVB?

A
  • SPF 15: 93%
  • SPF 30: 96%
  • SPF 50+: 98%
20
Q

Inorganic (physical/mineral) mechanism of action?

A

Create physical barrier, reflection, scatter UV radiation and absorption of UVR

21
Q

Organic (chemical) sunscreen mechanism of action?

A

Absorption of UV radiation, conversion to heat, releases in unharmful wavelengths energy

22
Q

What ingredients are these?
TITANIUM DIOXIDE
ZINC OXIDE

A

Inorganic (physical/mineral) sunscreen

23
Q

What are these ingredients?
- BEMOTRIZINOLE - aka TINOSORB S OR ESCALOL S
- METHYLENE BIS-BENZOTRIAZOLYL
- TETRAMETHYLBUTYLPHENOL (aka TINOSORB M OR BISOCTRIZOLE)
- OCTYL METHOXYCINNIMATE (aka OCTINOXATE)
- OCTOCRYLENE

A

Organic (chemical) sunscreen

24
Q

What are these ingredients?
- HOMOSALATE
- ECAMSULE - aka MEXORYL SX
- 4-METHYLBENZYLIDENE CAMPHOR (4-MBC).
- OCTISALATE
- BENZOPHENONES – AVOBENZONE, OXYBENZONE AND DIOXYBENZONE–

A

Organic (chemical) sunscreen

25
Q

What are synthetic peptides do to skin?

A

Aim of Synthetic peptides: Are proteins Mimic endogenous peptides and affect biochemical pathways within skin

26
Q

What ingredient is ___Guar___?

A

Thickener

27
Q

What ingredients with ____celluose?

A

Thickener

28
Q

What ingredient is cabomer?

A

Thickener

29
Q

what ingredient is ___vinyl___?

A

Thickener