Case study- Landforms

Question 1

do discordant coastlines have more features than concordant ones?

Answer 1

yes

Question 2

give an example of a stack?

Answer 2

old harry, dorset

Question 3

give an example of a arch?

Answer 3

durdle door, Jurassic coastline, Dorset

Question 4

give an example of a bay?

Answer 4

lulworth cove, Jurassic coast, dorset

Question 5

what happened to old harrys wife?

Answer 5

was a stack but now is a stump

Question 6

what type of coastline is the jurassic coastline?

Answer 6

concordant

Question 7

what is the rock type at old harry?

Answer 7

chalk

Question 8

why is old harry particularly vulnerable to erosion?

Answer 8

it is located at a headland meaning that it is subject to wave refraction

Question 9

what do orthogonal lines show?

Answer 9

where energy is concentrated at a headland, enhancing its erosion

Question 10

what features are more prominent on concordant coastlines

Answer 10

wave cut notches and wave cut platforms

Question 11

where is an example of a wave cut platform?

Answer 11

flamborough head

Question 12

give an example of a bar?

Answer 12

slapton sands

Question 13

give an example of a tombolo?

Answer 13

st. Micheals mount

Question 14

give an example of an area of sand dunes

Answer 14

Holkon, Norfolk

Question 15

give an example of a spit

Answer 15

Spurn spit

Question 16

give an example of a estuary

Answer 16

humber estuary

Question 17

what is a cuspate foreland?

Answer 17

triangular beach due to longshore drift operating on a coastline from two different directions. two sets of storm waves build up a series of ridges, each protecting the material behind it creating the triangular feature

Question 18

give an example of a cuspate foreland

Answer 18

Dungeness, kent

Question 19

what is the name for a salt tolerent plant?

Answer 19

halophytic

Question 20

what is a berm?

Answer 20

long ridges of sand/shingles that run parallel with the shoreline

Question 21

how are salt marshes formed?

Answer 21

1) A thin layer of mud forms over the sand which is cover at each tide. this is due to FLOCCULATION, where negatively charged clay particles which are neutalised in salt water clump together and therefore become too heavy to be carried in suspension and are deposited.
2) More mud is deposited and the first plants appear. these plants trap more mud and silt. Channels are cut in the marsh when the high tide recedes
3) Further plants appear higher up the marsh which accelerates mud accretion. Marsh surface rises and channels deepen
4) the mud becomes even more deeper and further plants colonise the higher zones. the marsh is fully covered in vegetation and eventually not even the high tide can flood the salt marsh

Question 22

how do sand dunes form?

Answer 22

1) first dunes to develop are when the sand it trapped in items toward the back of the beach eg rocks
2) Salt tolerant plant seeds are blown in from the sea and grow which traps more sand
3) water is more easily retained in the soil and so more plant species are encouraged to colonise the area
4) the further the dune is from the coast the less sand it receives so dune height becomes smaller

Question 23

what are dune slacks?

Answer 23

depressions in the dunes where the water table is on or near the surface and conditions are often damp leading to the growth of reeds

Question 24

what are blowouts?

Answer 24

wind is funneled through the dune system and removed the sand

Question 25

what happens if the rocks of a cliff dip seawards

Answer 25

creates a shallow cliff

Question 26

what happens if the rocks of a cliff dip in land?

Answer 26

steep cliffs

Question 27

give an example of a sediment cell?

Answer 27

Holderness coast