Case study- Landforms Flashcards
do discordant coastlines have more features than concordant ones?
yes
give an example of a stack?
old harry, dorset
give an example of a arch?
durdle door, Jurassic coastline, Dorset
give an example of a bay?
lulworth cove, Jurassic coast, dorset
what happened to old harrys wife?
was a stack but now is a stump
what type of coastline is the jurassic coastline?
concordant
what is the rock type at old harry?
chalk
why is old harry particularly vulnerable to erosion?
it is located at a headland meaning that it is subject to wave refraction
what do orthogonal lines show?
where energy is concentrated at a headland, enhancing its erosion
what features are more prominent on concordant coastlines
wave cut notches and wave cut platforms
where is an example of a wave cut platform?
flamborough head
give an example of a bar?
slapton sands
give an example of a tombolo?
st. Micheals mount
give an example of an area of sand dunes
Holkon, Norfolk
give an example of a spit
Spurn spit
give an example of a estuary
humber estuary
what is a cuspate foreland?
triangular beach due to longshore drift operating on a coastline from two different directions. two sets of storm waves build up a series of ridges, each protecting the material behind it creating the triangular feature
give an example of a cuspate foreland
Dungeness, kent
what is the name for a salt tolerent plant?
halophytic
what is a berm?
long ridges of sand/shingles that run parallel with the shoreline
how are salt marshes formed?
1) A thin layer of mud forms over the sand which is cover at each tide. this is due to FLOCCULATION, where negatively charged clay particles which are neutalised in salt water clump together and therefore become too heavy to be carried in suspension and are deposited.
2) More mud is deposited and the first plants appear. these plants trap more mud and silt. Channels are cut in the marsh when the high tide recedes
3) Further plants appear higher up the marsh which accelerates mud accretion. Marsh surface rises and channels deepen
4) the mud becomes even more deeper and further plants colonise the higher zones. the marsh is fully covered in vegetation and eventually not even the high tide can flood the salt marsh
how do sand dunes form?
1) first dunes to develop are when the sand it trapped in items toward the back of the beach eg rocks
2) Salt tolerant plant seeds are blown in from the sea and grow which traps more sand
3) water is more easily retained in the soil and so more plant species are encouraged to colonise the area
4) the further the dune is from the coast the less sand it receives so dune height becomes smaller
what are dune slacks?
depressions in the dunes where the water table is on or near the surface and conditions are often damp leading to the growth of reeds
what are blowouts?
wind is funneled through the dune system and removed the sand
what happens if the rocks of a cliff dip seawards
creates a shallow cliff
what happens if the rocks of a cliff dip in land?
steep cliffs
give an example of a sediment cell?
Holderness coast
