Case Study- environmental conesequences of agricultural activities on water quality Flashcards
What is the Great Artesian Basin (GAB)
in Australia?
One of the largest and most important groundwater systems in the world, covering 1.7 million square kilometers.
What is a major use of the Great Artesian Basin?
It provides a vital water source for agriculture, especially in arid and semi-arid regions.
What concerns have arisen from extensive irrigation in the GAB?
Concerns about water quality and quantity, including salinization and over-extraction.
What is salinization?
The process where rising groundwater levels bring salts to the surface, reducing agricultural productivity.
How has irrigation contributed to salinization in the GAB?
Extensive irrigation has led to rising groundwater levels, resulting in salinization of soils and water resources.
What impact has salinization had on agriculture in Queensland?
Significant declines in crop yields in affected areas.
What role did uncapped artesian bores play in the GAB?
They led to uncontrolled water flow, contributing to depletion of pressure and increased salinization.
What is the Great Artesian Basin Sustainability Initiative (GABSI)?
An initiative to cap artesian bores to reduce water loss and manage salinization.
What has been reported about water pressure in the New South Wales parts of the GAB?
Declines in water pressure of up to 80% in heavily used parts.
What sustainable practices are farmers adopting in the GAB?
More water-efficient irrigation techniques, such as drip irrigation.
What is the Australian Government’s initiative to support farmers in the GAB?
‘Water for the Future’ initiative provides funding for upgrading irrigation infrastructure.
How many bores had been capped by the end of 2018 under GABSI?
Over 1,340 bores.
What is the estimated annual water savings from capped bores?
Approximately 250,000 megaliters.
What role do national and state governments play in managing the GAB?
They establish frameworks for sustainable water management, including caps on water extraction.
What is the GAB Strategic Management Plan?
A plan updated in 2019 to guide sustainable use and protection of the basin.
What is the goal of the Great Artesian Basin Coordinating Committee (GABCC)?
To promote sustainable management of the basin and protect its unique ecosystems.
What type of research does the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) conduct?
Research to monitor impacts of agricultural activities on the GAB.
What is the significance of the mound springs to Indigenous communities?
They are of significant spiritual and ecological importance.
What are Indigenous communities advocating for regarding water resources?
Securing water rights under native title laws for better control and management.
What are some challenges faced by the Great Artesian Basin?
Over-extraction and salinization due to agricultural activities.
What has been the outcome of efforts by various stakeholders in the GAB?
Improvements in water management, such as bore capping and efficient irrigation practices.
What is needed to ensure the long-term sustainability of the GAB?
Ongoing collaboration and stricter regulations.
What is an Artesian Bore?
An artesian bore is a deep water well that doesn’t require a pump to bring water to the surface. Artesian wells do not provide unlimited water and can still run dry, however they can last for several decades.
