case studies, features of science Flashcards

1
Q

case study definition

A

an in-depth investigation, description and analysis of a single individual, group, institution or event

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2
Q

coherence definition

A

tying the findings from the different research methods together to form one logical conclusion

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3
Q

triangulation

A

using multiple data sets, methods, theories to address a research question. It enhances the validity of the findings

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4
Q

what research methods are used in a case study to gather qualitative data

A

interviews
observations
questionnaires

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5
Q

what research methods are used in a case study to gather quantitative data

A

experimental or psychological testing

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6
Q

case studies strengths

A
  • rich, detailed insights on unusual behaviour
  • contribute to our understanding of ‘typical’ functioning
  • may generate hypotheses for future study
  • one solitary, contradictory instance may lead to the revision of an entire theory
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7
Q

case studies weaknesses

A
  • generalisation is difficult as there are small sample sizes
  • information that makes it to the final report is based on the subjective selection of the researcher
  • personal accounts from participants may be prone to inaccuracy and memory decay so evidence has low validity
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8
Q

objectivity

A

when all sources of personal bias are minimised so as to not influence the research process
(operationalisation and control)

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9
Q

empirical method

A

scientific approaches that are based on the gathering of evidence through direct observation and experience (not relying on personal opinion- using evidence)

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10
Q

replicability

A

the extent to which scientific procedures and results can be repeated by other researchers

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11
Q

falsifiability

A

the principle that a theory cannot be considered scientific unless it admits the possibility of being proven untrue

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12
Q

theory

A

an explanation for describing a phenomenon(thought/feeling/behaviour). It may be based on observations about the world or the empirical data derived from hypothesis testing

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13
Q

theory construction

A

the creation of an explanation for describing a phenomenon on the basis of direct observation or empirical data

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14
Q

paradigm

A

a set of shared assumptions and agreed methods within a scientific discipline

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15
Q

paradigm shift

A

the results of a scientific revolution in that a significant change in the dominant unifying theory within a scientific discipline occurs

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16
Q

hypothesis testing

A

when it is possible to make clear, precise and testable predictions on the basis of a theory

17
Q

features of science wheel

A

Hypothesis testing –>
empirical method–>
objectivity–>
replicability–>
theory construction–>