Case Studies Flashcards
What is the aim of loftus and palmers 1st study
To investigate whether leading questions can influence memory
What is the aim of loftus and palmers 2nd study
Whether memory of accidents can actually be distorted by verbs
How many participants were in experiment 1? L&f
45 American participants from uni of Washington
Both genders
What is the procedure of first experiment l&f
7 film clips of traffic accidents
Questionnaire
Describe all they could remember
Answer s critical question “about how fast were the cars going when they … each other?”
Respond in mph
The verb is changed depending on the condition
What are the 5 verbs in experiment 1 l&f
Smashed Hit Bumped Collided Contacted
What are the results from experiment 1 l&f
Smashed 40.8mph Collided 39.3mph Bumped 38.1mph Hit 34mph Contacted 31.8mph
What conclusion is drawn from experiment 1 l&f
Memory is affected by leading questions/ the intensity of the very changes the memory of estimate speed
How many participants in experiment 2 l&f
150 from uni of Washington
Both genders
What is the procedure of experiment 2 l&f
Ps watched 1 minute clip of car accident 4seconds each
Asked “how fast were the cars going when they … into each other ?”
3 conditions
Went home for 1 week
“Did to see any broken glass?”
What are the 3 conditions in experiment 2 of l&f
Smashed
Hit
Control
What are the results from experiment 2 l&f
Smashed. Hit. Control
Broken g. 16. 7. 6
No broken g. 34. 43. 44
What is the conclusion of experiment 2 l&f
Leading questions used after event can reconstruct memory
what research method and design did l&f use?
Lab
Independent measures
What did grant study
If performance on memory test is improved when environment is the same at encoding and retrieval compared to different environments are encoding and retrieval
How many participants were used in grants study
39, 17-56 years
17female 23 male
What were the 4 conditions in grants study?
Silent silent
Silent noisy
Noisy silent
Noisy noisy
What was the procedure of grants study
Standardised instructions -voluntary Read article on psycho immunology Either study in silent or noisy Wore headphones and read (timed) 2 minute break without headphones Short answer and multiple choice test Debriefed Took 30 mins
How many questions did the short answer and multiple choice have in grants study
10 sa
16mcq
Give 3 results found by grants study
Silent study and test took 15 minutes, noisy test and silent study took 11.8 minutes S&s 6.7/10 S&n 4.6/10 S&s 14.3/16 S&n 12.7/16
Give 3 findings by grants study
Performance isn’t down to reading time
Background noise did not have an effect
People did better on saq’s in matching condition compared to mismatching
What is the conclusion for grants study
Context dependent memory occurs regardless of whether a short answer or multiple choice is used to asses learning
Memory is improved by environment when context is the same
What is the design and Method for grants study
Lab
Independent measures
