Case Studies

Question 1

For a studied volcanic event, name some primary impacts

Answer 1

2/3 of island covered in ash
19'people died
Port and airport destroyed
Farmland destroyed 
50% of population evacuated to north

Question 2

For a studied volcanic event, name some secondary impacts

Answer 2

transport issues as airport and port remained closed

Out Migration population from 12000 to 5000

Economy decimated
Serious impact on tourism

Question 3

For a studied volcanic event, name some primary responses

Answer 3

5000 people evacuated to the north

Links with UK provided emergency relief

4000 people evacuated to nearby Antigua

Exclusion zone set up

Question 4

For a studied volcanic event, name some secondary responses

Answer 4

Exclusion zone set up in volcanic region

Volcanic observation built which increased tourism

New roads and airport built

Services in north expanded
People were offered full residency rights in the U.K.

U.K. Sent relief money and for long term development

Question 5

For a studied volcanic event, name some management strategies

Answer 5

Whole of south maintained as an exclusion zone as there was ongoing volcanic activity

Geologists regularly flew into dangerous areas to measure cracks caused by the volcano

Three year decelopenent plan enforced by the UK which aided the lreconstruction and relocation of the capital houses and schools

Question 6

Name two contrasting atmospheric natural disaster events and there year

Answer 6

Hurricane Katrina august 2005 and Cyclone Nargis may 2008

Question 7

Where was the mainly effected area in the two events?

Answer 7

New Orleans

Myanmar

Question 8

Name the environmental impacts of Katrina

Answer 8

20% of wetlands lost
5300km2 of forest and woodland destroyed
25 million litres of oil pumped into a lake in Louisiana

Question 9

Name the economical impacts of Katrina

Answer 9

30 offshore oil platforms damanged which reduced oil production by 25% for 6 months

Hundreds of thousands left unemployed

$150 billion total economic impact

Question 10

Name the social impacts of Katrina

Answer 10

2000 people dead

Over a million people evacuated or made homeless

Water and food supplies contaminated

Looting occurred
3 million without electricity

All services severely affected

Question 11

How were the people of Katrina affected

Answer 11

Social torment of loss of family / home

Question 12

Why is New Orleans so vulnerable?

Answer 12

50% of land under sea level

Lever system had not been constructed to modern day standards

Evacuation plan was drawn up only 19 hours prior to Katrinas landfall

Lack of leadership

Question 13

What are the economic impacts of Nargis

Answer 13

10 billion worth of damage

Population worked on rice fields so lost their harvest and income

75% of buildings collapsed

1000 temples destroyed

Question 14

Environmental impacts of nargis

Answer 14

Rice fields flooded on the delta

2008/2009 harvests of rice destroyed

Storm surge up to 8 m

Question 15

Social impacts of nargis

Answer 15

Lack of food and water
Diseases spread
50000 missing
Death toll was quoted 140000 but still many more

Question 16

What are the responses of nargis

Answer 16

Government were very underprepared
Responses were largely from international organisations

U.K. £17 million and relief team to help with co ordination of relief effort

Thailand 100000 in supplies including medical supplies and food

Question 17

Name a earthquake event in a ledc and medc

Answer 17

Kashmir 2005

L’Aquila 2009

Question 18

What were the magnitudes of both earthquake

Answer 18

7. 6

5. 9

Question 19

Why is Kashmir so vulnerable

Answer 19

ledc so people are inadequately prepared for large earthquakes

Very few earthquake regulations for buildings and even these are rarely enforced

Question 20

What are the primary effects of Kashmir earthquake

Answer 20

79000 dead
100000 injured
3 million made homeless
Massive landslides occurred blocking people in the Himalayas

Question 21

What are the secondary effects of the Kashmir earthquake

Answer 21

Fires broke out and has pipes cracked
Diseases such as cholera and typohoid spread from dirty water and dead bodies
People died from cold (pneumonia and hypothermia)

Cost of damage 5 billion

Question 22

Short term responses to Kashmir

Answer 22

Local people rescued those trapped

Indian Red Cross distributed blankets and medical suppljes

Question 23

Long term responses of Kashmir

Answer 23

Schools rebuilt
Teachers trained to counsel traumatised children
Building laws tightened

Question 24

What are the social impacts of laquila

Answer 24

300 dead
1500 injured
88000 unemployed
58000 homeless

Question 25

Economic impacts of laquila

Answer 25

$14 billion on economy

Businesses distrusted

Question 26

Environmental impacts of laquila

Answer 26

11000 buildings destroyed

Landslides

Question 27

Responses of laquila

Answer 27

11000 volunteers helped with after math

Red Cross set up field kitchen

Government payed from rebuilding and construction

Train companies made tickets free and carriages to sleep in

Question 28

Name a earthquake in a multihazard area

Answer 28

Bohol earthquake 2013

Question 29

Name a volcanic eruption in a multi hazard area

Answer 29

Mount pinatubo 1991

Question 30

Name an atmospheric hazard in a multinhazard environment

Answer 30

Typhoon Haiyan 2013

Question 31

Name the impacts of Bohol

Answer 31

1.3 million affected
222 dead
Reconstruction at 7 billion

Question 32

Name the impacts of pinatubo

Answer 32

800 people killed
650000 jobless
700 million in damage
1.2 million lost homes

Question 33

Name the impacts of haiyan

Answer 33

Storm surge 25 m high 
1.2 million people affected 
6000 dead 
5 million homes affected 
Total damage 13 billion

Question 34

Why is the phillapines so vulnerable

Answer 34

Ledc
Fatalistic perception of hazards
reliant on NGOs for relief rehabilitation and reconstruction
Most structures made out of wood cos of lack of funding

Question 35

Why is the Philippines disaster prone

Answer 35

Situated on major plate boundary
Lies on the ring of fire 
Droughts from El Niño 
Geographical location / latitude means it has a tropical monsoon climate 
Faces the Pacific (tsunami risk)