Case Studies Flashcards
What are the Alps used for?
Tourism-100 million tourists visit each year; Villages have been built to cater for them.
Farming-Goats are farmed (on the steep upland areas) which provide Milk,Cheese and Meat;Sunnier Slopes are terraced to plant Vineyards.
Hydro-Electric Power (HEP)-Narrow Valleys are damned to generate electricity. Switzerland gets 60% of its electricity from this. Produced electricity powers houses and businesses.
Forestry-Scots Pine is planted,as its resistant to the goats,which kill native tree saplings. Trees are logged and sold to make furniture.
How have people adapted to living in the Alps?
Steep Relief-Goats are well adapted to the mountains. Trees and man made defences are used to protect against avalanches and rock slides.
Poor Soils-Animals are grazed since the soils are bad for growing crops.
Limited Communications-Tunnels have been cut through the mountains to provide fast transport links. E’g the Lõtschberg Base Tunnel which cuts through the Bernese Alps in Switzerland.
What is the Case Study for Volcanoes?
The Soufrière Hills Volcano, in Montserrat.
Erupted in 1997.
What were the Primary Impacts of the Monserrat Volcano?
Schools,Hospitals,the airport and the port were destroyed
Vegetation and Farmland were destroyed.
Large areas were covered with volcanic material-The Capital Plymouth was buried under 12m of ash and mud.
19 people died
What were the Secondary Impacts of the Monserrat Volcano Eruption?
Fires destroyed many
buildings,including the town’s central petrol station.
Businesses were destroyed,disrupting the economy.
Tourism increased,as people want to see the volcano.
Volcanic ash has improved fertility.
Population declined-8000 of the 12000 inhabitants have left.
What is the Case Study for Fold Mountains?
The Alps,Central Europe.
Tallest Peak is Mont Blanc at 4810 metres.
Population of 12 million people.
What were the immediate responses to the Montserrat Volcano Eruption?
The UK provided £17 Million of Emergency Aid.
People were evacuated from the south.
Shelters were built to house evacuees.
Temporary Infrastructure was also built.
E.g roads.
Local emergency support units provided search and rescue for survivors.
What were the Long Term Responses to the Montserrat Volcano Eruption?
Exclusion Zone put in place-the south of the island is off limits when the volcano is active.
Volcano Observatory has been set up to predict future eruptions.
UK has provided £41 million to develop the north of the Island-e.g by Building an airport.
What is the Case Study for Earthquakes?
Rich part of the world: L’Aquila, Italy
6th April 2009-6.3 on the Richter Scale.
Poor part of the world: Kashmir, Pakistan.
8th October,2005-7.6 on the Richter scale.
What was different between the two earthquakes in a rich and poor part of the world in preparation?
Italy-Law on construction standards;Civil Protection department trained volunteers.
Pakistan-No disaster planning;Buildings not earthquake resistant;Communications were poor-e.g few roads
What were the primary effects of both earthquakes?
Italy-290 deaths,thousands of buildings damaged or destroyed and people made homeless,Water pipe broken near the town of Paganica.
Pakistan-80,000 deaths,entire villages destroyed,3 million people made homeless,electricity and water lines were broken,cutting off supply.
What were the secondary effects of the Earthquakes?
Italy-Aftershocks hampered rescue efforts,and caused more damage;broken water pipe near Paganica caused a landslide.
Pakistan-landslides buried Buildings and people;diseases spread due to lack of clean water;freezing winter conditions after the earthquake caused more casualties and hindered rescue efforts.
