Case Studies

Question 1

Perspectives to Examine for individual and groups

Answer 1

Gender, Ethnicity (Cultural, social similarities and similarities in belief) and Religion

Question 2

Levels of analysis

Answer 2

→ Local: Social organization is created and transmitted from one generation to the next. These are usually gated communities that are being affected by global politics

→ Regional: Specific areas like the middle east, eastern europe, central asia… Usually these examine law, deals, treaties and movement across geographic boundaries (like english becoming popular)

→ International: Events and trends that have a narrower impact than global events and trends. These include impact analysis of Non-governmental organizations, Multi-national corporations, international law, international trade, diasporas (A diaspora is a population that is scattered across regions which are separate from its geographic place of origin.) and migratory movements

→ National: Politics in a state

→ Global: Long-term impacts on the globe. Like economic globalization, climate change, appeals to human rights, water depletion, global governance (UN), and the organization of corporations

Question 3

What is politics

Answer 3

The actions taken in the formation and maintenance of the state or other governing entity. And by extension political issues are any problems in this domain. The goal is to produce a stable agreement between the ruling entities and the rest of society

Question 4

A different level of analysis

Answer 4

As defined by Immanuel Wallerstien

→ Core: Core economies are the most capital intensive and powerful economies

→ Peripheries: The least capital-intensive countries and the areas most readily exploited by the core economies by extraction of labour, commodities and capital.

→ Semi-Peripheries: Represent developing nations.

Question 5

Hegemony

Answer 5

Hegemony, the dominance of one group over another, often supported by legitimating norms and ideas. The term hegemony is today often used as shorthand to describe the relatively dominant position of a particular set of ideas and their associated tendency to become commonsensical and intuitive, thereby inhibiting the dissemination or even the articulation of alternative ideas. The associated term hegemon is used to identify the actor, group, class, or state that exercises hegemonic power or that is responsible for the dissemination of hegemonic ideas.

Question 6

Unitary States

Answer 6

A sovereign sate governed has a single entity where the central government is the supreme authority over weaker states. Examples: United Kingdom and China

Question 7

Democratic States

Answer 7

Governed by the rule of law, through an elected and representative government, with access to decision making for all social groups.

Question 8

Militarized States

Answer 8

The process which a society organizes itself for military conflict and violence. Or in other words, the state is heavily influenced by military

Question 9

Fragile State

Answer 9

A fragile state or weak state is characterized by weak state capacity or weak state legitimacy, leaving citizens vulnerable to a range of shocks

Question 10

Rising State

Answer 10

An emerging power or rising power is a state or union of states with significant influence in global affair

Question 11

Westphalian State concept

Answer 11

Each state has it’s own supreme political authority and is an established legal framework in international law.

Question 12

Non-state Actors

Answer 12

Those who operate outside the sphere of governmental control. Some good examples are UN, Amnesty International, The United Way and academic discipline organizations like the American Anthropological Association. These non-state actors often help with changing long-standing perspectives through debate which indirectly influences the state.

Question 13

Intergovernmental Organizations

Answer 13

A entity created by treaty, involving two or more nations, to work in good faith, on issues of common interest. Examples include trade unions, UN, etc.

Question 14

Non-governmental Organization

Answer 14

An organization established by a group of individuals that wishes to pursue goals and aspirations that relate to the public, social, or political good of the nation or the world.

Examples: WWF, UNICEF, etc

Question 15

Multi-national Corporations

Answer 15

A company that does business in a select few countries around the world and operates facilities such as warehouses or distribution centers in at least one foreign country around the world. As these companies interact with multiple governments, they can exert a strong influence on every level of global politics

Question 16

Types of Government: Democracy

Answer 16

Democracy is a form of government that allows the people to choose leadership. The primary goal is to govern through fair representation and prevent abuses of power. The result is a system that requires discourse, debate, and compromise to satisfy the broadest possible number of public interests, leading to majority rule. Democracies advocate for fair and free elections, civic participation, human rights protections, and law and order.

Question 17

Types of Government: Communism

Answer 17

Communism is a centralized form of government led by a single party that is often authoritarian in its rule. Inspired by German philosopher Karl Marx, communist states replace private property and a profit-based economy with public ownership and communal control of economic production, such as labor, capital goods, and natural resources. Citizens are part of a classless society that distributes goods and services as needed.

Question 18

Types of Government: Socialism

Answer 18

Socialism is a system that encourages cooperation rather than competition among citizens. Citizens communally own the means of production and distribution of goods and services, while a centralized government manages it. Each person benefits from and contributes to the system according to their needs and ability.

Example: Socialism is the cornerstone of the Scandinavian nations of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. They all adhere to socialist policies that combine free-market capitalism with extensive public works, including free healthcare, free education, a comprehensive welfare state, and high percentages of unionized workers. This approach essentially combines the collective nature of communism with the private ownership and competitiveness of capitalism.

Question 19

Types of Government: Oligarchy

Answer 19

Oligarchies are governments in which a collection of individuals rules over a nation. A specific set of qualities, such as wealth, heredity, and race, are used to give a small group of people power. Oligarchies often have authoritative rulers and an absence of democratic practices or individual rights.

Question 20

Types of Government: Aristocracy

Answer 20

Aristocracy refers to a government form in which a small, elite ruling class — the aristocrats — have power over those in lower socioeconomic strata. Members of the aristocracy are usually chosen based on their education, upbringing, and genetic or family history. Aristocracies often connect wealth and ethnicity with both the ability and right to rule.

Question 21

Types of Government: Monarch

Answer 21

Monarchy is a power system that appoints a person as head of state for life or until abdication. Authority traditionally passes down through a succession line related to one’s bloodline and birth order within the ruling royal family, often limited by gender. There are two types of monarchies: constitutional and absolute. Constitutional monarchies limit the monarch’s power as outlined in a constitution, while absolute monarchies give a monarch unlimited power.

Question 22

Types of Government: Theocracy

Answer 22

Theocracy refers to a form of government in which a specific religious ideology determines the leadership, laws, and customs. In many instances, there is little to no distinction between scriptural laws and legal codes. Likewise, religious clergy will typically occupy leadership roles, sometimes including the highest office in the nation.

Question 23

Types of Government: Colonialism

Answer 23

Colonialism is a form of government in which a nation extends its sovereignty over other territories. In other words, it involves the expansion of a nation’s rule beyond its borders. Colonialism often leads to ruling over indigenous populations and exploiting resources. The colonizer typically installs its economy, culture, religious order, and government form to strengthen its authority.

Question 24

Types of Government: Totalitarianism

Answer 24

Totalitarianism is an authoritarian form of government in which the ruling party recognizes no limitations whatsoever on its power, including in its citizens’ lives or rights. A single figure often holds power and maintains authority through widespread surveillance, control over mass media, intimidating demonstrations of paramilitary or police power, and suppression of protest, activism, or political opposition.

Example: North Korea

Question 25

Types of Government: Military Dictatorship

Answer 25

A military dictatorship is a nation ruled by a single authority with absolute power and no democratic process. The head of state typically comes to power in a time of upheavals, such as high unemployment rates or civil unrest. They usually lead the nation’s armed forces, using it to establish their brand of law and order and suppress the people’s rights. Dictators dismiss due process, civil liberties, or political freedoms. Dissent or political opposition can be dangerous or even deadly for the country’s citizens.

Question 26

Bureaucracy

Answer 26

The word bureaucracy implies a complex structure with multiple layers and procedures.
The systems that are put in place under a bureaucracy make decision-making slow.
Bureaucracies can render systems formal and rigid, which is needed when following safety procedures is critical.
The term bureaucracy is often criticized and deemed negative because of the implication that procedures are more important than efficiency.
The Glass-Steagall Act is a good example of effective bureaucracy in place in the United States.

Question 27

Ontology

Answer 27

The philosophical study of being, as well as related concepts such as existence, becoming and reality

Question 28

Modernism

Answer 28

Modernism refers to a global movement in society and culture that from the early decades of the twentieth century sought a new alignment with the experience and values of modern industrial life.

Question 29

Postmodernism

Answer 29

Postmodernism rejects the common origin of humans just as it rejects any constant and definite truth in ontology topics. They believe that human identity is constructed by national and local culture and is specifically influenced by three key cultural features of gender, social class, and race.

Question 30

Feudalism

Answer 30

Feudal society is a military hierarchy in which a ruler or lord offers mounted fighters a fief (medieval beneficium), a unit of land to control in exchange for a military service.

Question 31

Libya

Answer 31

An uprising against the dictator Muammar Gaddafi began and a war between the military loyal to him as well as the citizens broke out in 2011. After this many countries including, UK, US and France froze Libyan assets, deploying troops. After the UN’s request to protect the civilians, NATO carried out air strikes on Libya on March 27th (Some argued that the actions taken by NATO exceeded the mandate). Eventually the conflict went into a stalemate. However, by August, the rebels were able to control the capital. On October 20th, Gaddafi was discovered dead. In the months that followed, the rebels had a hard time setting up a functional government as skirmishes between militia were common. As a result the TNC (Transitional National Council: Libya’s defacto government) couldn’t establish order and Libya became a failed state.

Question 32

Kashmir

Answer 32

Ever since 1947 (The independence of India), India and Pakistan have been warring over Kashmir, laying claim to the land. India exercised militaristic power over Kashmir and revoked article 370 in 2019, which gave Kashmir special governance status. However because of Kashmir’s condition before, there have been a lot of terrorist activities and continues to be much more.

Question 33

US Military bases

Answer 33

The US has over 800 military bases around the world in countries like UK, France, Russia, Japan, Israel, India. They are the country with the most global presence out of any state in the world. In fact, the US has 50,000 troops in Japan and 54,000 troops in Germany. This was partly propelled by the cold war. America sees it as providing stability to a ever changing world.

Question 34

Brexit

Answer 34

Britain left EU because…
→ Economy: The EU was stagnating and Britain was scared it would suffer the same fate

→ Sovereignty: There was an increasing mistrust in treaties like NATO and EU. The EU fundamentally takes control away from nations. The immigrant crisis in Europe was a trigger because the EU deemed refugees as a moral obligation but states saw it as a problem. Especially with illegal immigration.

→ Political Elitism: A third party from the bi-partisan system was created to oppose staying with the EU. Essentially it became the leave supporters against the elite, a battle against the elite as both parties in Britain supported staying with the EU.

Question 35

Julian Assange

Answer 35

Responsible for the founding of the infamous website, Wikileaks in 2010. He called his practices “scientific journalism”. However, Wikileaks leaked thousands of highly state classified documents. He is most famous for exposing the U.S wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. However that information was already in the public domain, just being confirmed. Some Information that was a real blow was America trying to economically isolate Iran in fear of Iran for developing Nuclear Weapons. Has of right now, after years of asylum in Ecuador, he has been detained in the Belmarsh prison of London

Question 36

Chinese Investment in Africa

Answer 36

Over the pandemic China has created more than 25 economic and trade cooperation zones in 16 different African countries. They have started to invest more than 2.96 billion in the continent. This can be a type of economic colonialism.

Question 37

Structural Violence

Answer 37

Creates barriers that prevent individuals or groups from enjoying rights and privileges that are enjoyed by other members of society.

E.g. Money, Skills, Status, Freedom and Health Services may be unavailable to some groups and the worst part is that they often don’t know that they are being deprived of their resources.

Example: Racism, Patriarchy, Religious Supremacy

And all of this results from a long normalization made possible by formal institutions like education, religious establishments, family and informal institutions like media.

Question 38

UN Security Council

Answer 38

China, France, Russia, United Kingdom and the United States

Question 39

Structural Violence

Answer 39

Creates barriers that prevent individuals or groups from enjoying rights and privileges that are enjoyed by other members of society.

E.g. Money, Skills, Status, Freedom and Health Services may be unavailable to some groups and the worst part is that they often don’t know that they are being deprived of their resources.

Example: Racism, Patriarchy, Religious Supremacy

And all of this results from a long normalization made possible by formal institutions like education, religious establishments, family and informal institutions like media.

Question 40

US and Afghan

Answer 40

After the incidents of 9/11, the US stepped in aggressively into Afghanistan and by December, 5th 2001 were able to set up an interim government which led to a Taliban collapse on December 9th, 2001. Slowly but surely from there the US reconstructs the Afghan government and recreates the state. The US withdraws and the state is left to defend on it’s own. However despite multiple peace negotiations with the Taliban, the state was overrun on August 15, 2021. As a result the government collapses and retakes Kabul. With the withdrawal, the war ends on August 30th, 2021 with 13 troops killed.

Question 41

Israel-Palestine Conflict

Answer 41

The main contentions is over the West Bank, East Jerusalem and the Gaza Strip. This is a religious war fought between the Arab’s and the Jewish. Though there has been tensions in the regions for a long time, in the summer of 2014, military confrontations started to occur. Palestine announced that it would no longer be bound by the divisions of the Oslo Accords. Then a cease fire was negotiated by Egypt. However then in 2018 another war broke out in some of the bloodiest war that the country had seen. In August and September of 2020, the Arab countries and Israel agreed to the Abraham Accords which was a normalization of relations between the regions. However Palestine rejected the accords. More recently, there have been forced displacement of Palestinians and protests broke out on the streets of Jerusalem. This escalated to another military conflict but was soon resolved in a cease fire. Making matters worse, a new far right government from the Jewish Power Party was appointed and as the UN middle east envoy states this could be the end for Israelis and Palestinians

Question 42

US-Iran

Answer 42

The main problem with Iran is their nuclear program. In 2003, Iran agreed to halt operations but the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) discovered and exposed that Iran had continued to pursue nuclear weapons and later a coalition of countries called the P5 + 1 - the US, China, France, Germany, Russia and the UK made an effort to constrain Iran’s Nuclear Program. By 2015 with new power due to the decrease in GDP caused by sanctions by P5 + 1, the UN security council approved a new resolution called JCPOA (Joint comprehensive plan of action). However the resolution only covered the nuclear program and not the blastic missile program, the US wanted to withdraw and create a new program. As a result, sanctions were reimposed. Recently, Israel’s IRGC (Israel Revolutionary Guard Corps) was declared a terrorist group due to the state-sponsored terrorism and use of ballistic missiles. Additionally Iran threatens to exceed the uranium caps set forth by JCPOA

Question 43

US-Iraq

Answer 43

In 2003, the US and British launched a coalition to topple the Dictator Saddam and disbanded the Iraqi Army. Throughout the war there were many human right’s abuses, most notably the U.S Abu Ghraib Prison. In 2005, after a constitution referendum, Iraq gains it’s first government. However there is much conflict between Al-Qaeda and the state as well as coalition forces. After some time, the Iraqi’s approve a coalition government. As such, in 2011, the war is ended and US troops withdraw and a new era of US-Iran relations begin

Question 44

South Sudan

Answer 44

Hundreds of thousands of people fled their homes because of conflict. Humanitarian assistance was impeded or blocked. All parties to the conflict perpetrated serious violations of international human rights and humanitarian law, including the indiscriminate and targeted killing of civilians, the recruitment and use of children, acts of sexual violence and destruction of property. At least 52 people, including children, were extrajudicially executed. Impunity for human rights violations remained the norm and the government failed to establish the Hybrid Court for South Sudan (HCSS). The security forces continued to use unlawful surveillance to target government critics, in some cases arbitrarily arresting and detaining them. They responded to calls for peaceful protests with a wave of repression. Death sentences were imposed and executions carried out. The government continued to fail in its obligation to respect and protect the rights to health and education.

Question 45

China’s Charm Offensive

Answer 45

President Xi Jinping is trying to mend relations with the oustide world, reignite economic growth and stop the loose anti-china coalition. Basically China is acting real nice with things like the G20 summit and respectful talks with president Biden.

Question 46

The CNN effect

Answer 46

The CNN effect is the theory that continuous coverage of major events on TV networks, such as CNN, can influence domestic and foreign policy agendas. The CNN effect works through the moulding of public perception, which, in turn affect policymakers’ agendas. The CNN effect, then, can be defined as the independent news media promoting discussion and raising awareness amongst the public with the aim of creating a specific policy response to the events being covered. The concept originated in the 1990s, when CNN covered the American military intervention in Iraq (1991), Somalia (1992), and Bosnia (1995) in real time. These interventions were widely seen as policymakers’ responses to media coverage of humanitarian suffering, like those scenes of refugees fleeing from Saddam Hussein’s forces in Kuwait in the First Gulf War. By playing the dramatic images over the air non-stop, the media provoked public opinion, which in turn provoked policymakers to lead a military intervention.

Question 47

China’s Official Media Policy

Answer 47

China’s constitution affords its citizens freedom of speech and press, but the opacity of Chinese media regulations allows authorities to crack down on news stories by claiming that they expose state secrets and endanger the country. The definition of state secrets in China remains vague, facilitating censorship of any information that authorities deem harmful [PDF] to their political or economic interests. CFR Senior Fellow Elizabeth C. Economy says the Chinese government is in a state of “schizophrenia” about media policy as it “goes back and forth, testing the line, knowing they need press freedom and the information it provides, but worried about opening the door to the type of freedoms that could lead to the regime’s downfall.”

The government issued in May 2010 its first white paper on the internet that focused on the concept of “internet sovereignty,” requiring all internet users in China, including foreign organizations and individuals, to abide by Chinese laws and regulations. Chinese internet companies are now required to sign the “Public Pledge on Self-Regulation and Professional Ethics for China Internet Industry,” which entails even stricter rules than those in the white paper, according to Jason Q. Ng, a specialist on Chinese media censorship and author of Blocked on Weibo. Since Chinese President Xi Jinping came to power, censorship of all forms of media has tightened. In February 2016, Xi announced new media policy for party and state news outlines: “All the work by the party’s media must reflect the party’s will, safeguard the party’s authority, and safeguard the party’s unity,” emphasizing that state media must align themselves with the “thought, politics, and actions” of the party leadership. A China Daily essay emphasized Xi’s policy, noting that “the nation’s media outlets are essential to political stability.”

In 2016, Freedom House ranked China last for the second consecutive year out of sixty-five countries that represent 88 percent of the world’s internet users. The France-based watchdog group Reporters Without Borders ranked China 176 out of 180 countries in its 2016 worldwide index of press freedom.

Question 48

Syrian Refugee Crisis

Answer 48

The Syrian refugee crisis is the result of a March 2011 violent government crackdown on public demonstrations in support of a group of teenagers who were arrested for anti-government graffiti in the southern town of Daraa. The arrests sparked public demonstrations throughout Syria which were violently suppressed by government security forces. Conflict quickly escalated and the country descended into a civil war that forced millions of Syrian families out of their homes. Eleven years later, the number of Syrian refugees has hardly declined and more than 13.4 million people still need humanitarian assistance - including 5.9 million who are in acute need.

Torrential rains, strong winds and floods have been lashing the country’s northwest region this winter, destroying tents, food supplies and leaving tens of thousands of displaced Syrian families homeless during the coldest months. More than 140,000 people have been affected and at least 25,000 tents have been destroyed.

Outbreaks of violence in Idlib in December 2019 and February 2020 forced an additional one million people to flee their homes. The majority – about 80 percent – of those who have fled Idlib and the surrounding areas are women and children.

Many countries are being forced to assist these refugees which goes against sovereignty

Question 49

CEDAW

Answer 49

India, Hungary and Germany didn’t sign some parts of the committee of the elimination of discrimination against Women

Question 50

Masha Amini

Answer 50

On September 13, 22-year-old Jina “Mahsa” Amini was arrested by Iran’s morality police for “improperly” wearing her hijab, and according to her family and local media, severely beaten. She died three days later while still in police custody.

After reports of the horrific incident emerged (thanks in part to reporters Niloofar Hamedi and Elahe Mohammadi, whom the Iranian regime has since jailed), protests erupted across Iran. They were led by women who tore off their hijabs, cut their hair and adopted a rallying cry of “women, life, freedom.”

Question 51

Tigray War

Answer 51

Tigray is one of 11 administrative regions in Ethiopia, Africa’s second-most populous country. Each region is mostly autonomous, with its own police force and militia. Regional governments are largely divided along entrenched ethnic lines. Long-standing tensions between regions have led to ethno-nationalist clashes there.

The TPLF, which ruled the country for more than three decades before Abiy came to power in 2018, has been designated a terrorist group by the current government.

After becoming prime minister, Abiy worked to dismantle the power of the TPLF. He announced the rearrangement of the ruling coalition that TPLF founded – the Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Front (EPRDF), comprised of four parties – into a single, new Prosperity Party (PP) – ostracizing the TPLF in the process.

Abiy won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2019 for helping to end Ethiopia’s 20-year war with neighboring Eritrea.

Eritrean forces have since joined in the military campaign in Tigray on the side of the Ethiopian government.

All actors in the conflict have been accused of carrying out atrocities, but Eritrean forces have been linked to some of the most gruesome. In addition to perpetrating mass killings and rape, Eritrean soldiers have also been found blocking and looting food relief in multiple parts of Tigray. Eritrea’s government has denied any involvement in atrocities.

Question 52

Belarus election

Answer 52

In 2020, the people of Belarus exercised their democratic right to elect their president. In response, Alyaksandr Lukashenka falsified the results and claimed victory, trampling the democratic aspirations and rights of the Belarusian people. Since then, a major mobilization in support of democracy has been met by violence and repression by Belarusian authorities. The Lukashenka regime has resorted to brazen tactics to silence civil society organizations, independent media and pro-democracy voices. Yet despite grave risks to their own safety, the people of Belarus have remained steadfast in their calls for a democratic government that respects rights and fundamental freedoms.

Question 53

Thailand - Rohingya

Answer 53

The Rohingya have faced decades of discrimination and repression under successive Myanmar governments. Effectively denied citizenship under the 1982 Citizenship Law, they are one of the largest stateless populations in the world.

About 900,000 Rohingya are currently living in overcrowded camps in Bangladesh, most of whom fled Myanmar since August 2017 to escape the military’s crimes against humanity and possible genocide.

The estimated 600,000 Rohingya who remain in Rakhine State are subject to government persecution and violence, confined to camps and villages without freedom of movement, and cut off from access to adequate food, health care, education, and livelihoods.

Question 54

Impeachment of President - South Korea

Answer 54

In February 2018, Choi was sentenced to 20 years in jail for corruption, influence-peddling and abuse of power. She was earlier found guilty of using her position to solicit favours for her daughter.

Choi was found to have had used her presidential connections to pressure conglomerates - including electronics giant Samsung - for millions of dollars in donations to two non-profit foundations she controlled.

Park meanwhile has been accused of colluding with Choi, and giving her unauthorised access to state documents.

Question 55

Syria Civil War

Answer 55

Ten years since protesters in Syria first demonstrated against the four-decade rule of the Assad family, hundreds of thousands of Syrians have been killed and some twelve million people—more than half the country’s prewar population—have been displaced. The country has descended into an ever more complex civil war: jihadis promoting a Sunni theocracy have eclipsed opposition forces fighting for a democratic and pluralistic Syria, and regional powers have backed various local forces to advance their geopolitical interests on Syrian battlefields. The United States is at the forefront of a coalition conducting air strikes on the self-proclaimed Islamic State, though it abruptly pulled back some of its forces in 2019 ahead of an invasion of northern Syria by Turkey, a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) ally. The Turks have pushed Kurdish forces, the United States’ main local partner in the fight against the Islamic State, from border areas. Russia, too, has carried out air strikes in Syria, coming to the Assad regime’s defense, while Iranian forces and their Hezbollah allies have done the same on the ground.

In January 2012, a group called Jabhat al-Nusra announced itself as al-Qaeda’s Syrian franchise, and the following month al-Qaeda chief Ayman al-Zawahiri called for Sunnis from around the region to join a jihad against the regime. Jabhat al-Nusra gained Syrian and foreign recruits as it scored greater battlefield successes than rival opposition groups. In April 2013, a group formed from the remnants of al-Qaeda in Iraq that called itself the Islamic State of Iraq emerged and exceeded even Jabhat al-Nusra in its brutality.

The deaths of some 1,400 civilians from chemical weapons deployed by the Assad regime in the summer of 2013 mobilized world powers to dismantle the regime’s chemical arsenal.

Despite a UN Security Council resolution in 2014 aimed at securing humanitarian aid routes, aid became politicized as Assad would grant UN convoys permission to distribute food and medicine in government-held areas while denying them access to rebel-held areas, and rights advocates charged the regime with targeting medical facilities and personnel [PDF]. In 2020, Syria’s ally Russia used its veto at the Security Council to allow UN aid deliveries to the rebel-held north through only one border crossing, down from four the previous year.

Question 56

Gun Violence America

Answer 56

Shootings in SandyHook Elementary in newtown kennitcut and Margory Stoneman Douglas High School in parkland.

NRA (National Rifle Association) is a major lobby player in no controlling gun laws.

Question 57

Greece Bankruptcy

Answer 57

Greece defaulted on a debt of €1.6 billion to the IMF in 2015.
The financial crisis was largely the result of structural problems that ignored the loss of tax revenues due to systematic tax evasion.
Greece was much less productive than other EU nations, making Greek goods and services less competitive and causing the nation to take on too much debt during the 2007 global financial crisis.
Prior to 2001, Greece experienced high inflation, high fiscal and trade deficits, low growth, and problems with exchange rates.
Greece gained entrance into the Eurozone by misrepresenting its debt and finances.