Case Review Summary Flashcards
Best imaging modality for ischemic stroke?
MRI (DWI)
Where is the most common lesion in subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Berry Aneurysm
Where is the most common lesion in Subdural Hematoma?
Bridging Veins
Where is the most common lesion in Epidural Hematoma?
(extracranial) Middle Meningeal Artery
Acute demyelinating polyneuropathy – Dx?
GBS
Axonal polyneuropathy – Dx?
Diabetes
Others: B12-deficiency, Thiamine-deficiency, Hypothyroidism
Nerve Conduction Study diff. btwn Axonal vs. Demyelinating Polyneuropathy?
Axonal = speed is normal, but amplitude of response is lower
Demyelinating = Speed is slower
Describe CSF analysis in MS or Transverse Myelitis.
- Pleocytosis
- ↑IgG index
- Oligoclonal bands
Subacute Combined Degeneration affects CNS, PNS, or both?
Both CNS & PNS
UMNs & LMNs
Delirium workup?
- Everyone gets CT scan
if suspicion of focal, structural lesion, then:
- MRI
if not, then:
- Toxic, Metabolic, Lab workup
- X-ray/EEG
Defense Mech?
Student didn’t study for exam, so goes & gets drunk in Boston night before.
Acting out
Defense Mech?
Student angry that Brain course sucks & is required so goes home & kicks the cat around the room.
Displacement
Defense Mech?
Student thinks Brain is impossible, so develops paralysis of both arms & blindness for central vision the night before the exam. Roommate calls & says she can’t take exam b/c can’t read or write.
Conversion
Defense Mech?
Student becomes increasingly hopeless as he studies & Monday morning of exam comes, he takes off for the week completely forgetting he had an exam.
Repression
2 students know Brain exam is hard so they study & prepare appropriately for the exam.
Anticipation
Why was seizure complex partial instead of simple partial?
B/c patient was confused
What is Brudzinski sign?
Flexion of the neck produces flexion of the hips
- seen in Meningismus
Most common source of complex partial seizure?
Temporal Lobe
How to differentiate leaning towards Encephalitis vs. Meningitis
Encephalitis:
- Profound alteration/depression of consciousness at the onset
- Focal signs early on (aphasia, focal seizures, etc.)
**Key is that these happen EARLY ON, b/c meningitis can eventually develop these focal problems too
Herpes Encephalitis has a predilection for what area of the brain?
Temporal Lobe
