Case Control and Cohort Studies Flashcards
In ____ ____ studies the subjects are selected on the basis of whether they do or do not have a particular disease
case control
They key disadvantage to a case control study is that you cannot determine ____ and _____
cause and effect
If all cases of disease diagnosed at time the study initiated; it is ____________ case control
retrospective
If the study is begun, and all new cases that are diagnosed within a certain period are entered into the study; it is a _______ case control
prospective
True or False
It is important to carefully select the study groups and ensure there are sources of information about expose and disease when dealing with case control studies
True
True or False
The control of a case control study should be one that would have been included as a case had they developed the disease
True
In a ______ studies; groups or groups of individuals are defined on the basis of exposure to a suspected risk factor for disease
cohort
True or False
It is acceptable in a cohort study for the subject to have early onset of the disease
False; the subject MUST be disease free at the start of the study
The two frequencies combined into a single summary statistic that estimates the association between exposure and risk of developing a disease is the ____ _____ (or _____ ____)
relative risk (or risk ratio)
Relative risk indicates the _______ of developing the disease in the exposed group relative to those not exposed
likelihood
With a _______ cohort study, the exposure and outcome/disease have already occurred at the start of the study; efficient for those diseases with a long latency period
retrospective
With a ________ cohort study, the sequence between exposure and disease is established; it helps to reduce bias, and to examine multiple effete of a single exposure
prospective
Some major issues in the interpretation of cohort studies include bias and the effect of losses to _____ _____ (which can take many years)
follow up
