Case-Control

Question 1

Advantages of case-control

Answer 1

Quick
Don’t need to wait for disease/event to occur
Good for rare diseases

Question 2

Disadvantages of case-control

Answer 2

Controls are not necessarily representative of reference population as they’re selected to match case participants to remove confounders
Observer/measurement bias - if exposure/outcome is subjective
Reverse causality - exposure may be a result of the outcome

Question 3

Steps to make a case-control study

Answer 3

Define study question
Define target pop
Select cases
Select controls
Measure exposure
Analyse data
Interpret results

Question 4

Incidence vs prevalence

Answer 4

Incidence is number of new cases within a time period, prevalence is number of all cases within a time period within a population