Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Sem 3 > Case 8 > Flashcards

Case 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Catecholamine

A

catchol ring with an amine side chain, derived from tyrosine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Tyrosine

A

dietary essential, transports across the BBB, converted to L-DOPA in the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Tyrosine hydroxylase

A

converts tyrosine to L-DOPA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

L-DOPA

A

Precursor for dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

DOPA decarboxylase

A

converts L-DOPA to dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dopamine

A

catcholamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

D1 receptors

A

D1 receptors – type 1 and 5, G-protein coupled receptors linked to stimulatory neurotransmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

D2 receptors

A

type 2, 3, 4, G-protein coupled receptors linked to inhibitory neurotransmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

D2 short

A

pre-synaptically situated, autoreceptors, serves to regulate dopamine levels in synaptic cleft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

D2 long

A

– postsynaptic receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Nigrostriatal

A

pars compacta to caudate and putamen, where is regulates the role of the basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mesolimbic

A

ventral tegmental area in the midbrain to the limbic regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mesocortical

A

ventral tegmental area in the midbrain to the frontal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tuberoinfundibular

A

tuberal region to median eminence, dopamine acts to inhibit prolactin release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Schizophrenia

A

mental health disorder with abnormal behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Positive symptom

A

Extra behaviours such as hallucination or delusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Negative symptoms

A

withdrawn behaviours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Delusion

A

incorrect belief

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Reference delusion

A

believes passages are directed at them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Persecution delusion

A

external forces trying to damage them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Control delusion

A

believes someone controls ones thoughts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Bizarre delusion

A

totally abnormal delusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Grandiosity delusion

A

believe they have a divine purpose

24
Q

Hypochrondriacal delusion

A

Belief that they are rotten or diseased

25
Hallucination
perception without an object
26
Stereotypies
purposeless acts that are carried out repetitively
27
Catatonia
expressionless, motionless and mute
28
Catalepsy
limbs can be manipulated
29
Neologisms
new words invented
30
Echolalia
repeat what another person is saying
31
Echpraxia
mimics another person
32
Affective flattening
lose natural reactions to usual social cues
33
-
-
34
Premorbid phase
no major symptom, some general coping deficiences, may only realise this phase in retrospect
35
Prodromal phase
subclinical symptoms
36
Prodrome
early symptom that may indicate the start of a disease, before specific symptoms occur
37
Middle phase
symptomatic periods
38
Late illness phase
illness pattern established, stabilisation
39
Dopamine hypothesis
drugs which increase dopamine (cocaine) cause positive symptoms, drugs which block D2 receptors positively treat schizophrenia
40
Glutamate hypothesis
diminished activation of NMDA in the brain
41
Glutamate NMDA receptor
N-methyl-D-aspartate
42
Haloperidol
strong D2 antagonist, conventional antipsychotic, acts at other receptors (↑ side effects)
43
Olanzapine
Weak D2 antagonist, 2nd generation, more selective than conventional
44
Risperidone
Strong D2 antagonist, atypical, excess of dopamine in mesocortical tract-elimination of negative symptoms
45
Clozapine
Weak D2 antagonist, 2nd generation, used in treatment resistant schizophrenia, abundant side effects, best binds D4
46
Treatment resistant schizophrenia
if 2 antipsychotics fail
47
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
idiosyncratic response, hyperthermia, tachycardia, muscular rigisity
48
Hyperprolactinaemia
increased prolactiv release due to reduced D2 in the tuberinfundibular pathway
49
EIS
early intervention service they deal with first episodes then hang around for 3 years to help schizophrenics get back to work and school and normality
50
prevalence of schizophrenia
1%
51
More common in men or women
men
52
Change of developing if you have a first degree relative with schizophrenia
10%
53
Monozygotic twin concordance of schizophrenia
50%
54
non-identical twin concordance
15-18%
55
Effect if you smoke cannabis
double, or 6times if you smoke in your teens

Sem 3 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions